HP UX Fortran Software Commonly-used options, Command-line options by category, +save, Wl , arg

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form +option=arg. You can cause f90 to list the values for arg on stderr by specifying just the option name without an argument. For example, given the command line:

$ f90 +langlvl= prog.f90

f90 will issue the following message:

f90: The '+langlvl=' option requires one of

s

Still other options take a name as an argument. For example, the -onameoption specifies the name you want to give to the output file. If you misspell an option on the f90 command line, the driver looks for options that are similar to the one you entered and lists them as possible alternatives on stderr. It meanwhile compiles the program without the option in question.

For detailed information about the syntax of all the options, see the HP Fortran Programmer’s Reference. For a brief descriptive list of the options, use the command line:

$ f90 +usage

Commonly-used options

Table 2-1 identifies commonly-used command-line options for when you want to change the compiler’s default behavior. For a complete and full description of all HP Fortran command-line options, see “Option descriptions” (page 21)

Table 7 Commonly-used options

Option

Function

-c

Compile without linking. Use this option to compile and

 

link in separate steps.

-g

Prepare program for debugging. Use this option to prepare

 

your program for debugging.

-Ldirectory

Specify where to look for libraries; applies only to

 

succeeding -loptions. Be careful about using this option

 

if the LPATH environment variable is set.

-lx

Specify a library. Use this option to link in library routines.

-O

Optimize. Use this option to optimize your program at the

 

default level of optimization.

+save

Give the SAVE attribute to local variables. Use this option

 

when porting older Fortran programs that may contain

 

uninitialized variables.

-ooutfile

Name the output file outfile. Use this option to name

 

the executable or object file.

+usage

List all compile-line options currently supported by f90.

-v

Enable verbose mode. Use this option to get a report on

 

the compilation process.

-Idirectory

Set include file and module search path.

-Wl,arg

Specify that the arg has to be passed by a linker option.

Command-line options by category

Table 2-2 categorizes the f90 command-line options. For detailed information about each of the options, see “Option descriptions” (page 21).

20 Compiling and linking

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Contents HP Fortran Programmer Guide AbstractPage Contents Using the on statement Controlling data storageDebugging Performance and optimizationUsing Fortran directives 123 Writing HP-UX applications 107Calling C routines from HP Fortran 110 Migrating to HP Fortran 131Documentation Feedback 153 Glossary 154 Index 159 Fortran 2003 Features 151Porting to HP Fortran 141 HP secure development lifecycle An overview of HP Fortran An overview of HP FortranHP Fortran compiler environment Driver Options for controlling the f90 driver+dryrun +preinclude= filePreprocessor Options for controlling the C preprocessorFront-end Options for controlling the front end+moddir=directory Back-end Options for controlling optimizationOptions for controlling code generation +OnooptimizationOptimization +DAmodelLinker Options for controlling the LinkerOoutfile +FPflagsLdirectory Wl ,options ToolsHP-UX operating system Compiling with the f90 command F90 command syntaxCompiling and linking $ f90 hello.f90Command-line options F90 command syntaxCommand-line options Example 2 hello.f90Command-line options by category Commonly-used optionsCommonly-used options +saveOption descriptions Options listed by category+allowunaligned Example 3 ExampleDo I+1, N Data type sizes and +autodbl4 14164+autodbl +autodbl4 Boption+cpp=default +charlit77+check=bounds +nocfcName=def +DAmodel+DDdatamodel DatamodelareBlended ItaniumItanium2 NativeValues for the +FP option +hugecommon Signals recognized by the +fpexception optionGformat77 Example 4 % f90 +hugecommon=results pcvals.f90 /usr/include directory +noimplicitnone +indirectcommonlist=file+initheapcomplex=rvalival +initheapinteger=ival+io77 Ipo+nocheckuf +nolibsLevels of optimization Requires concurrent use of the +Oprofile=use optionWith different values of optlevel +noobjdebug+pa1 +demandload option. The default is +nodemandload +nodemandload the default+r8 +realconstant=singleTx,path Tp,/usr/ccs/lbin/cppF90com End.oWx,arg1,arg2,...,argN Symbol binding options Bdefault=symbol,symbolBextern =symbol ,symbol Bhidden =symbol ,symbolF90 +O3 +Osize myprog.f90 Using optimization optionsReviewing general optimization options +Oconservative +Onoall+Onoautopar +Oautopar and omit +OparallelFine-tuning optimization options F90 +O3 +Onomoveflops +Ofltacc myprog.f90Default is +Onocxlimitedrange Default is +Odataprefetch+Ocachepadcommon option +Onocxlimitedrange+Onofenvaccess +Onofastaccess+Onoentrysched +OnofailsafeOptimizations performed by +Onofltacc +Oinlinebudget=n +Oinlinebudget enables +Onoinline+Onoinlinefilename +Onoinline=function1,function2Values for the +Oinlinebudget option Millicode versions of intrinsic functions+inlinelevel num +Onoloopunroll=factor+Oloopunroll=4 +OnoloopunrolljamDefault is+Onoparmsoverlap +Oparallelintrinsics+Onoparmsoverlap +OnopipelineDefault is +Onopromoteindirectcalls +OnorecoveryDefault is +Oshortdata=8 For +Oprofile=collectarc,strideFilenames Filenames recognized by f90Linking HP Fortran programs Linking with f90 vs. ldLibraries linked by default on PA-RISC Libraries linked by default on ItaniumLinking to libraries $ f90 -c hello.f90 # compileLinking to nondefault libraries Linking HP Fortran 90 routinesOpt/fortran90/lib/pa2064/ -lF90 -lisamstub Additional HP Fortran librariesLinking to shared libraries Special-purpose compilations Compiling programs with modulesLibrary search rules $ f90 -Wl,-a,archive prog.f90 -lmSpecial-purpose compilations Examples ExampleExample 6 Example 2-2 main.f90 Example 7 Example 2-3 code.f90Compiling with make Example 8 Example 2-4 data.f90$ f90 -o dostats data.f90 code.f90 main.f90 $ dostatsCompiling for different PA-RISC machines Managing .mod filesExample 9 Example 2-5 makefile $ makeCreating shared libraries Compiling with +picUsing the C preprocessor Linking with -bUsing the C preprocessor Processing cpp directivesExample 13 Example 2-9 cppdirect.f90 $ f90 +cpp=yes -D Debug cppdirect.f90Saving the cpp output file Creating demand-loadable executablesCreating shared executables Compiling in 64-bit mode Using environment variables$ f90 +noshared prog.f90 HP Fortran environment variablesF90ROOT environment variable STF90COM64 environment variableHPF90OPTS environment variable $ f90 +list hello.f90Floating installation Floating installationLpath environment variable Mpnumberofthreads environment variableSetting up floating installation Alternate-path/opt/fortran90.3.6.1Controlling data storage Disabling implicit typingAutomatic and static variables Disabling implicit typingContains Controlling data storageIncreasing the precision of constants Increasing default data sizes Increasing default data sizesIncreasing default data sizes Which creates multiple threads Sharing data among programsUsr/lib/libpthread.sl $ gotosleep Sharing data among programsIm up Modules vs. common blocks$ wakeup Modules vs. common blocks Stripping debugging information Using the HP WDB debuggerDebugging Signals recognized by +fpexception SignalHandling runtime exceptions Floating-point exceptions= 1.0/0.0 Bus error exceptionFloating-point exceptions Illegal instruction exception Segmentation violation exceptionUsing debugging lines Bad argument exceptionUsing the on statement Exceptions handled by the on statementOn REAL8 DIV 0 Call divzerotrap Exceptions handled by the on statementExceptions handled by the on statement Actions specified by onOn Double Precision DIV 0 Call divzerotrap Ignoring errors Terminating program executionExample 14 Example5-1 abort.f90 Example 15 Example5-2 ignore.f90Calling a trap procedure Trapping floating-point exceptionsTrapping integer overflow exceptions On Double Precision Overflow Call trapExample 17 Example5-4 callitrap.f90 Trapping +Ctrl-C trap interruptsAllowing core dumps Example 18 Example 5-5 allowcore.f90 On Real Overflow IgnoreUsing profilers Using profilersPerformance and optimization HP CaliperComparing Program Performance Opt/ansic/bin/cc -Aa +O3 -o program +Oprofile=collectProgram.c ProgramprogramargumentsUsing Options to Control Data Collection GprofSpecifying PBO file names and locations $ gprof prog gprof.outUsing options to control optimization Using +O to set optimization levelsProf $ f90 +O4 file.f90Using the optimization options +O2, -O+O3 +O4Fine-tuning optimization options $ f90 +02 +Oaggressive +Osize prog.f90$ f90 +O4 +Oaggressive +Ofltacc prog.f90 Packaged optimization optionsIs +Onofastaccess at +Ofastaccess at level+O2 +Ofltacc=relaxed+Onoinitcheck +Ofltacc=relaxed . ThisFast +Oinlinelevel num +Onolibcalls+Olibcalls +Onoloopunroll=n+Onoparminit +Opipeline+Orecovery +Oregreassoc +Onoreturn+Oshortdata=8 +Ovectorize option on+Owholeprogrammode Conservative vs. aggressive optimization+Onowholeprogrammode Conservative, aggressive, and default optimizations Parallelizing HP Fortran programsCompiling for parallel execution F90 +O3 +Oparallel -c x.f90 y.f90 F90 +O3 -c z.f90Performance and parallelization Profiling parallelized programsConditions inhibiting loop parallelization Calling routines with side effects parallellizationIndeterminate iteration counts Data dependencesUsing the +Ovectorize option VectorizationF90 +O3 +Ovectorize prog.f90 Vector routines called by +OvectorizeControlling vectorization locally SaxpySdot VecdmultaddCalling Blas library routines Example 19 Example 6-1 axpy.f90REAL, External sdot Industry-wide standard VectorizationControlling code generation for performance Accessing command-line arguments Writing HP-UX applications$ fprog arg1 another arg Example 20 Example 7-1 getargs.f90Using HP-UX file I/O Stream I/O using FstreamPerforming I/O using HP-UX system calls Calling HP-UX system and library routinesUsing HP-UX file I/O Obtaining an HP-UX file descriptorData type correspondence for HP Fortran and C Calling C routines from HP FortranData types Unsigned integers LogicalsSize differences between HP Fortran and C data types Size differences after compiling with +autodblExample 21 Example 8-1 passcomplex.f90 Complex numbersComplex sqrcomplexCOMPLEX cmxval Argument-passing conventions Derived typesPointers Example 22 Example 8-2 sqrcomplex.cInteger ptr INTEGER, DIMENSION100 iarray Case sensitivityVoid fooint *ptr, int iarray100, int Call foo%REFptr, %REFiarray, %VALiExample 23 Example 8-3 sortem.c $HP$ Alias bubblesort = BubbleSort%REF,%VALExample 24 Example 8-4 testsort.f90 Case sensitivityMemory layout of a two-dimensional array in Fortran and C REAL, DIMENSION2,3,4Arrays IntExample 25 Example 8-5 passarray.f90 Example 26 Example 8-6 getarray.cStrings Null-terminated stringFortran hidden length argument Passing a stringFollowing are example C and Fortran programs StringsExample 28 Example 8-8 getstring.c File handlingExample 27 Example 8-7 passchars.f90 Example 29 Example 8-9 fnumtest.f90 File handlingSharing data Int somedataExtern int somedata Extern int globals100Using Fortran directives Using HP Fortran directivesDirective syntax HP Fortran directivesSyntax Description and restrictions$HP$ Alias name = external-name arg-pass-mode-list NameArgument-passing conventions Local and global usageCase sensitivity Strings For more informationExample 31 Example 9-1 prstr.c Example 32 Example 9-2 passstr.f90Disables the inclusion of source lines in the listing file Specified on the command lineExample 33 Example Listing fileCompatibility directives Controlling vectorizationCompatibility directives recognized by HP Fortran Vendor Directive CrayControlling parallelization Controlling dependence checksControlling checks for side effects Compatibility directivesUsing Fortran directives Command-line options not supported Migrating to HP FortranIncompatibilities with HP Fortran Compiler limitsFormat field widths Floating-point constantsIntrinsic functions Double Precision x =Procedure calls and definitions Data types and constantsInput/output DirectivesFoo**REALbar, 8 ! foo**bar KEY=Migration issues Source code issuesMigration issues MiscellaneousDirectives HP Fortran 77 directives supported by f90 optionsCommand-line option issues Intrinsic functionsConflicting intrinsics and libU77 routine names F77 options supported by f90Object code issues Data file issuesApproaches to migration HP-supplied migration tools$ fid +800 file.f $ fid +es program.f Porting to HP Fortran Compatibility extensionsCompatibility statements END structure definitionCompiler directives Compatibility directivesPointer Cray-style +Oparallel orIntrinsic procedures Nonstandard intrinsic procedures in HP FortranDirective prefixes recognized by HP Fortran +Oparallel or +OvectorizeUsing porting options Uninitialized variablesUsing porting options Large word sizeOne-trip do loops $ f90 testloop.f90External int1 Name conflictsExample 34 Example 11-1 clash.f90 Names with appended underscores Source formats+cfc Porting from Tru64 to HP FortranEscape sequences Enhancements New optionsNof66alternate for +noonetrip Porting from Tru64 to HP FortranCheck noboundsoptions for example, -nocheckbounds +nopadsrc AltparamFortran 2003 Features Interoperability with CInput/output enhancements Miscellaneous enhancementsData enhancements Object orientation featuresFortran 2003 Features Documentation Feedback 153Glossary GlossarySo on. See also row-major order 155Also filename extension Memory fault 157See ttv 159 SymbolsIndex