HP UX Fortran Software manual +Onoinlinefilename, +Onoinline=function1,function2

Page 44

 

determine whether the compiler optimized

 

time-critical sections of your program. It

 

can be used at any level of optimization

 

but is most useful at level 3.

 

Currently, this option provides feedback

 

for the following optimizations:

 

Cloning, the replacement of a call to

 

a routine by a call to a clone, which

 

is a copy of the routine with changes

 

specific to that call site.

 

Inlining.

 

Loop transformations to improve cache

 

performance.

 

Vectorization

 

The default, +Onoinfo, disables the

 

display of informational messages about

 

optimization.

+O[no]initcheck

The initialization checking feature of the

 

optimizer has three possible states: on,

 

off, or unspecified. When this option is

 

specified in the on state (+Oinitcheck),

 

the optimizer initializes to zero any local,

 

nonarray, nonstatic variables that are

 

uninitialized with respect to at least one

 

path leading to a use of the variable.

 

When +Onoinitcheckis specified, the

 

optimizer issues warning messages when

 

it discovers definitely uninitialized

 

variables, but does not initialize them.

 

When this option is unspecified, the

 

optimizer initializes to zero any local,

 

scalar, nonstatic variables that are

 

definitely uninitialized with respect to all

 

paths leading to a use of the variable.

 

This option is only effective at optimization

 

level 2 or higher.

+O[no]inline

+Oinline makes all subprograms

 

eligible for inlining. This option is only

 

effective at optimization level 3 or higher.

 

The +Onoinline option disables inlining

 

for all subprograms in your program.

 

The default is +Oinline at optimization

 

level 3 and +Onoinline at the lower levels.

+O[no]inline:filename

The file indicated by filename contains a

 

list of function names, separated by

 

spaces or newlines. This option enables

 

[disables] optimizer inlining for the named

 

functions. This optimization can occur at

 

optimization levels 3 and 4.

 

The default is +Oinline.

+O[no]inline=function1[,function2...]

Enable [disable] optimizer inlining for the

 

named functions. This optimization can

 

occur at optimization levels 3 and 4.

 

The default is +Oinline.

+Oinline_budget=n

+Oinline_budget enables the

 

optimizer to perform more aggressive

44 Compiling and linking

Image 44
Contents HP Fortran Programmer Guide AbstractPage Contents Using the on statement Controlling data storageDebugging Performance and optimizationUsing Fortran directives 123 Writing HP-UX applications 107Calling C routines from HP Fortran 110 Migrating to HP Fortran 131Documentation Feedback 153 Glossary 154 Index 159 Fortran 2003 Features 151Porting to HP Fortran 141 HP secure development lifecycle An overview of HP Fortran An overview of HP FortranHP Fortran compiler environment Driver Options for controlling the f90 driver+dryrun +preinclude= filePreprocessor Options for controlling the C preprocessorFront-end Options for controlling the front end+moddir=directory Back-end Options for controlling optimizationOptions for controlling code generation +OnooptimizationOptimization +DAmodelLinker Options for controlling the LinkerOoutfile +FPflagsLdirectory Wl ,options ToolsHP-UX operating system Compiling with the f90 command F90 command syntaxCompiling and linking $ f90 hello.f90Command-line options F90 command syntaxCommand-line options Example 2 hello.f90Command-line options by category Commonly-used optionsCommonly-used options +saveOption descriptions Options listed by category+allowunaligned Example 3 ExampleDo I+1, N Data type sizes and +autodbl4 14164+autodbl +autodbl4 Boption+cpp=default +charlit77+check=bounds +nocfcName=def +DAmodel+DDdatamodel DatamodelareBlended ItaniumItanium2 NativeValues for the +FP option +hugecommon Signals recognized by the +fpexception optionGformat77 Example 4 % f90 +hugecommon=results pcvals.f90 /usr/include directory +noimplicitnone +indirectcommonlist=file+initheapcomplex=rvalival +initheapinteger=ival+io77 Ipo+nocheckuf +nolibsLevels of optimization Requires concurrent use of the +Oprofile=use optionWith different values of optlevel +noobjdebug+pa1 +demandload option. The default is +nodemandload +nodemandload the default+r8 +realconstant=singleTx,path Tp,/usr/ccs/lbin/cppF90com End.oWx,arg1,arg2,...,argN Symbol binding options Bdefault=symbol,symbolBextern =symbol ,symbol Bhidden =symbol ,symbolF90 +O3 +Osize myprog.f90 Using optimization optionsReviewing general optimization options +Oconservative +Onoall+Onoautopar +Oautopar and omit +OparallelFine-tuning optimization options F90 +O3 +Onomoveflops +Ofltacc myprog.f90Default is +Onocxlimitedrange Default is +Odataprefetch+Ocachepadcommon option +Onocxlimitedrange+Onofenvaccess +Onofastaccess+Onoentrysched +OnofailsafeOptimizations performed by +Onofltacc +Oinlinebudget=n +Oinlinebudget enables +Onoinline+Onoinlinefilename +Onoinline=function1,function2Values for the +Oinlinebudget option Millicode versions of intrinsic functions+inlinelevel num +Onoloopunroll=factor+Oloopunroll=4 +OnoloopunrolljamDefault is+Onoparmsoverlap +Oparallelintrinsics+Onoparmsoverlap +OnopipelineDefault is +Onopromoteindirectcalls +OnorecoveryDefault is +Oshortdata=8 For +Oprofile=collectarc,strideFilenames Filenames recognized by f90Linking HP Fortran programs Linking with f90 vs. ldLibraries linked by default on PA-RISC Libraries linked by default on ItaniumLinking to libraries $ f90 -c hello.f90 # compileLinking to nondefault libraries Linking HP Fortran 90 routinesOpt/fortran90/lib/pa2064/ -lF90 -lisamstub Additional HP Fortran librariesLinking to shared libraries Special-purpose compilations Compiling programs with modulesLibrary search rules $ f90 -Wl,-a,archive prog.f90 -lmSpecial-purpose compilations Examples ExampleExample 6 Example 2-2 main.f90 Example 7 Example 2-3 code.f90Compiling with make Example 8 Example 2-4 data.f90$ f90 -o dostats data.f90 code.f90 main.f90 $ dostatsCompiling for different PA-RISC machines Managing .mod filesExample 9 Example 2-5 makefile $ makeCreating shared libraries Compiling with +picUsing the C preprocessor Linking with -bUsing the C preprocessor Processing cpp directivesExample 13 Example 2-9 cppdirect.f90 $ f90 +cpp=yes -D Debug cppdirect.f90Saving the cpp output file Creating demand-loadable executablesCreating shared executables Compiling in 64-bit mode Using environment variables$ f90 +noshared prog.f90 HP Fortran environment variablesF90ROOT environment variable STF90COM64 environment variableHPF90OPTS environment variable $ f90 +list hello.f90Floating installation Floating installationLpath environment variable Mpnumberofthreads environment variableSetting up floating installation Alternate-path/opt/fortran90.3.6.1Controlling data storage Disabling implicit typingAutomatic and static variables Disabling implicit typingContains Controlling data storageIncreasing the precision of constants Increasing default data sizes Increasing default data sizesIncreasing default data sizes Which creates multiple threads Sharing data among programsUsr/lib/libpthread.sl $ gotosleep Sharing data among programsIm up Modules vs. common blocks$ wakeup Modules vs. common blocks Stripping debugging information Using the HP WDB debuggerDebugging Signals recognized by +fpexception SignalHandling runtime exceptions Floating-point exceptions= 1.0/0.0 Bus error exceptionFloating-point exceptions Illegal instruction exception Segmentation violation exceptionUsing debugging lines Bad argument exceptionUsing the on statement Exceptions handled by the on statementOn REAL8 DIV 0 Call divzerotrap Exceptions handled by the on statementExceptions handled by the on statement Actions specified by onOn Double Precision DIV 0 Call divzerotrap Ignoring errors Terminating program executionExample 14 Example5-1 abort.f90 Example 15 Example5-2 ignore.f90Calling a trap procedure Trapping floating-point exceptionsTrapping integer overflow exceptions On Double Precision Overflow Call trapExample 17 Example5-4 callitrap.f90 Trapping +Ctrl-C trap interruptsAllowing core dumps Example 18 Example 5-5 allowcore.f90 On Real Overflow IgnoreUsing profilers Using profilersPerformance and optimization HP CaliperComparing Program Performance Opt/ansic/bin/cc -Aa +O3 -o program +Oprofile=collectProgram.c ProgramprogramargumentsUsing Options to Control Data Collection GprofSpecifying PBO file names and locations $ gprof prog gprof.outUsing options to control optimization Using +O to set optimization levelsProf $ f90 +O4 file.f90Using the optimization options +O2, -O+O3 +O4Fine-tuning optimization options $ f90 +02 +Oaggressive +Osize prog.f90$ f90 +O4 +Oaggressive +Ofltacc prog.f90 Packaged optimization optionsIs +Onofastaccess at +Ofastaccess at level+O2 +Ofltacc=relaxed+Onoinitcheck +Ofltacc=relaxed . ThisFast +Oinlinelevel num +Onolibcalls+Olibcalls +Onoloopunroll=n+Onoparminit +Opipeline+Orecovery +Oregreassoc +Onoreturn+Oshortdata=8 +Ovectorize option on+Owholeprogrammode Conservative vs. aggressive optimization+Onowholeprogrammode Conservative, aggressive, and default optimizations Parallelizing HP Fortran programsCompiling for parallel execution F90 +O3 +Oparallel -c x.f90 y.f90 F90 +O3 -c z.f90Performance and parallelization Profiling parallelized programsConditions inhibiting loop parallelization Calling routines with side effects parallellizationIndeterminate iteration counts Data dependencesUsing the +Ovectorize option VectorizationF90 +O3 +Ovectorize prog.f90 Vector routines called by +OvectorizeControlling vectorization locally SaxpySdot VecdmultaddCalling Blas library routines Example 19 Example 6-1 axpy.f90REAL, External sdot Industry-wide standard VectorizationControlling code generation for performance Accessing command-line arguments Writing HP-UX applications$ fprog arg1 another arg Example 20 Example 7-1 getargs.f90Using HP-UX file I/O Stream I/O using FstreamPerforming I/O using HP-UX system calls Calling HP-UX system and library routinesUsing HP-UX file I/O Obtaining an HP-UX file descriptorData type correspondence for HP Fortran and C Calling C routines from HP FortranData types Unsigned integers LogicalsSize differences between HP Fortran and C data types Size differences after compiling with +autodblExample 21 Example 8-1 passcomplex.f90 Complex numbersComplex sqrcomplexCOMPLEX cmxval Argument-passing conventions Derived typesPointers Example 22 Example 8-2 sqrcomplex.cInteger ptr INTEGER, DIMENSION100 iarray Case sensitivityVoid fooint *ptr, int iarray100, int Call foo%REFptr, %REFiarray, %VALiExample 23 Example 8-3 sortem.c $HP$ Alias bubblesort = BubbleSort%REF,%VALExample 24 Example 8-4 testsort.f90 Case sensitivityMemory layout of a two-dimensional array in Fortran and C REAL, DIMENSION2,3,4Arrays IntExample 25 Example 8-5 passarray.f90 Example 26 Example 8-6 getarray.cStrings Null-terminated stringFortran hidden length argument Passing a stringFollowing are example C and Fortran programs StringsExample 28 Example 8-8 getstring.c File handlingExample 27 Example 8-7 passchars.f90 Example 29 Example 8-9 fnumtest.f90 File handlingSharing data Int somedataExtern int somedata Extern int globals100Using Fortran directives Using HP Fortran directivesDirective syntax HP Fortran directivesSyntax Description and restrictions$HP$ Alias name = external-name arg-pass-mode-list NameArgument-passing conventions Local and global usageCase sensitivity Strings For more informationExample 31 Example 9-1 prstr.c Example 32 Example 9-2 passstr.f90Disables the inclusion of source lines in the listing file Specified on the command lineExample 33 Example Listing fileCompatibility directives Controlling vectorizationCompatibility directives recognized by HP Fortran Vendor Directive CrayControlling parallelization Controlling dependence checksControlling checks for side effects Compatibility directivesUsing Fortran directives Command-line options not supported Migrating to HP FortranIncompatibilities with HP Fortran Compiler limitsFormat field widths Floating-point constantsIntrinsic functions Double Precision x =Procedure calls and definitions Data types and constantsInput/output DirectivesFoo**REALbar, 8 ! foo**bar KEY=Migration issues Source code issuesMigration issues MiscellaneousDirectives HP Fortran 77 directives supported by f90 optionsCommand-line option issues Intrinsic functionsConflicting intrinsics and libU77 routine names F77 options supported by f90Object code issues Data file issuesApproaches to migration HP-supplied migration tools$ fid +800 file.f $ fid +es program.f Porting to HP Fortran Compatibility extensionsCompatibility statements END structure definitionCompiler directives Compatibility directivesPointer Cray-style +Oparallel orIntrinsic procedures Nonstandard intrinsic procedures in HP FortranDirective prefixes recognized by HP Fortran +Oparallel or +OvectorizeUsing porting options Uninitialized variablesUsing porting options Large word sizeOne-trip do loops $ f90 testloop.f90External int1 Name conflictsExample 34 Example 11-1 clash.f90 Names with appended underscores Source formats+cfc Porting from Tru64 to HP FortranEscape sequences Enhancements New optionsNof66alternate for +noonetrip Porting from Tru64 to HP FortranCheck noboundsoptions for example, -nocheckbounds +nopadsrc AltparamFortran 2003 Features Interoperability with CInput/output enhancements Miscellaneous enhancementsData enhancements Object orientation featuresFortran 2003 Features Documentation Feedback 153Glossary GlossarySo on. See also row-major order 155Also filename extension Memory fault 157See ttv 159 SymbolsIndex