Vermont Casting 1990 installation instructions Appendix Catalytic Combustor

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Intrepid II Woodburning Stove

Appendix: Catalytic Combustor

In any chemical reaction, including the combustion process, there are certain conditions which must be met before the reaction can take place. For example, a reaction may require a certain temperature, or a certain concentration of the reactants (the combustion gases and oxygen), or a certain amount of time. Catalysts, though not changed themselves during the reaction, have the ability to act at a molecular level to change these requirements. In the Intrepid II’s secondary combustion chamber the catalyst reduces the tempera- ture at which secondary combustion can start from the 1000 - 1200°F (540 - 650°C) range to the 500 - 600°F (260 - 315°C) range, increasing efficiency, and reducing creosote and emissions.

The catalytic reaction, though advantageous, does have some limitations of its own. Primary among these it that the reactants (the gases) come into close physi- cal contact with the catalyst itself.

To ensure the necessary contact, the catalytic element in your Intrepid II is composed of a ceramic base in the shape of a honeycomb. On each of the honeycomb’s many surfaces a coating of the catalyst (usually a noble metal such as platinum or palladium) is applied. The large surface area exposed in this configuration ensures that the combustion gases have the greatest opportunity to come in contact with the catalyst.

Loss of catalytic activity will be apparent in several ways. First you may notice an increase in fuel con- sumption. Second, there will be a visible increase in the rate at which creosote builds up in your chimney con- nector system. You may also notice a heavy discharge of smoke from the chimney. A number of catalytic problems which can cause loss of activity are described

below:

Blockage

While the honeycomb pattern ensures good contact, it also increases the resistance to flow of the combustion gases, and, because of the many surfaces, provides more places for creosote and fly ash to deposit. It is important to follow the operating instructions in order to minimize these deposits, and to periodically inspect your catalyst for signs of blockage.

Masking and Poisoning

While the catalyst itself does not enter into the combus- tion process, it is possible for certain elements, such as lead and sulfur, to attach to the active sites on the surface of the honeycomb. Though the catalyst is still there, it is covered, or masked, by the contaminant, and cannot function. To avoid this situation, it is important not to burn anything in your Intrepid II that is a source of these contaminants. Particularly avoid painted or treated wood, coal, household trash, colored papers, metal foils, or plastics. Chemical chimney cleaners may also contain harmful elements. The safest approach is to burn only untreated, natural wood.

Flame Impingement

The catalytic element is not designed for exposure to direct flame. If you continually overfire your Intrepid II, the chemistry of the catalyst coating may be altered, inhibiting the combustion process. A glowing stove part at the back of the firebox is a sign of over-firing.

Thermal degradation of the ceramic base may also oc- cur, causing the element to disintegrate. Stay within the

recommended guidelines of the Operation section.

Mechanical Damage

If the element is mishandled, damage may occur. Always treat the element carefully. Remember the catalyst is made of a ceramic material; treat it as you would fine china. Hairline cracks will not affect the performance of the catalyst, as long as the steel sleeve holds the element in the proper position.

Peeling

Peeling of the surface coat may occur if the catalytic element is frequently subjected to excessive tempera- tures. Follow the operating instructions carefully to avoid this type of damage.

Every CFM Corporation product is equipped with either a Corning “Long-Life”®or a Technical Glass Products “Honeycomb”®. The products are equivalent. If for any reason you must ship your catalytic element, remem- ber its fragile nature. Place the element in a plastic bag, and package it with a generous amount of shock

absorbing material.

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Contents Intrepid Welcome Table of ContentsIntrepid II, Model SpecificationsInstallation Outside AirWhat Kind of Chimney to Use Masonry Chimneys Chimney Connector GuidelinesPrefabricated Chimneys Chimney SizeSingle-wall Chimney Connector Double-wall Chimney ConnectorSecuring the Single-wall Connector to a Masonry Chimney Freestanding Chimney InstallationsChimney connector enters chimney above the firep Fireplace Chimney Installations Above a FireplaceWall Pass-Throughs Fireplace Chimney Installations Through a FireplaceAn approved wall pass-through for Canada Floor ProtectionReducing Clearances Floor Protection for Fireplace InstallationsStove Heat Shields Chimney Connector Clearance ReductionsWall Shields Fireplace and Mantel Trim ShieldsConstruction Requirements Alcove InstallationsReflected ceiling plan Intrepid II Clearance Chart Intrepid II Clearance Diagrams 889 mm Parallel Installations Assembly Operation Attach the Griddle HandleYour Intrepid II’s Controls What They Do Glass Door Panels Damper Directs Air Flow Within the StoveAndirons Two Ways to Add FuelSurface Thermometer is a Valuable Guide to Operation Burn Only High-Quality WoodUse the Air Control Settings that Work Best for You How to Build a Wood Fire Keep it GoingHigh-Efficiency Wood Burning With Catalytic Combustion Starting and Maintaining a Wood Fire Conditioning Your StoveAsh Disposal Refuel While the Embers are Still HotDraft Management Creosote Draft TestingFuel Back-puffingMaintenance How to Adjust the Door Latch Damper AdjustmentTighten the Damper Handle as Needed When to Suspect a Combustion System Problem Catalytic Combustion System Inspection and CleaningReplace the Stove Gaskets as Needed Replace Refractory PackageAnnual Maintenance Adjust the Door if NecessaryPermanent Gaskets Chimney System CreosoteIntrepid II Woodburning Stove Appendix Catalytic Combustor Intrepid II Woodburning Stove Intrepid II Woodburning Stove Please record the following information For future reference Intrepid II Woodburning Stove Intrepid II Woodburning Stove Warranty CFM Corporation

1990 specifications

Vermont Casting, founded in 1975, is renowned for its commitment to crafting high-quality cast iron wood stoves and heaters that merge efficiency with timeless design. By 1990, Vermont Casting had established itself as a leader in the industry, celebrated for its innovative approach to heating solutions and commitment to sustainability.

The 1990 models reflected an impressive evolution in technology and aesthetics. One of the standout features of Vermont Casting stoves was their utilization of advanced air control systems. This technology allowed users to regulate the burn speed and heat output effectively, making it easier to maintain consistent warmth in the home while optimizing fuel efficiency. The stoves featured an adjustable air inlet that provided users with the power to control combustion according to their needs.

In terms of design, Vermont Casting stoves were characterized by their iconic, rustic appearance, often featuring a choice of colors and finishes that allowed them to blend seamlessly into a variety of home aesthetics. The deep, rich finishes of the cast iron, coupled with elegant detailing, made each unit not only a heating appliance but also a centerpiece in living spaces. This commitment to aesthetics extended to the variety of designs available, including both traditional and modern styles, catering to diverse consumer preferences.

Vermont Casting also prioritized safety in their 1990 models. Many stoves were equipped with features such as double doors with glass panels, allowing users to enjoy the beauty of the flames while minimizing the risk of accidental burns. Some models incorporated heat shields that protected surrounding walls and furniture from excessive heat, further enhancing safety at home.

Durability was another hallmark of Vermont Casting’s reputation. The use of high-quality cast iron meant that these stoves were built to withstand years of use, often becoming familial heirlooms passed down through generations. In addition to resilience, cast iron was known for its ability to retain heat even after the fire had gone out, providing lingering warmth long into the night.

Overall, Vermont Casting in 1990 represented a harmonious blend of timeless design, advanced functionality, and a commitment to sustainability. Their stoves were not merely heating appliances but symbols of a lifestyle choice that emphasized quality, elegance, and environmental responsibility, making them a preferred choice for homeowners seeking both reliability and beauty in home heating solutions.
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