Lochinvar 800 operation manual Operating information, General

Installation & Operation Manual

11 Operating information

General

How the boiler operates

The Knight XL uses an advanced stainless steel heat exchanger and electronic control module that allows fully condensing operation. The blower pulls in air and pushes flue products out of the boiler through the heat exchanger and flue piping. The control module regulates blower speed to control the boiler firing rate. The gas valve senses the amount of air flowing into the boiler and allows only the right amount of gas to flow.

How the control module operates

The SMART SYSTEM control module receives input from boiler sensors and external inputs. The control module activates and controls the blower and gas valve to regulate heat input and switches the boiler, Domestic Hot Water (DHW), and system pumps on and off as needed. The user programs the module to meet system needs by adjusting control parameters. These parameters set operating temperatures and boiler operating modes. Boiler operation can be based on boiler outlet water temperature, boiler inlet water temperature, or system temperature, depending on the parameter setting.

Control inputs and outputs

Room thermostat / zone control

This input tells the boiler to provide water for space heating.

Domestic Hot Water (DHW) tank thermostat

This input tells the boiler to provide water for heating an indirect DHW tank.

0 - 10V input (set point or power)

The Knight XL can be controlled by a Building Management System (BMS) using a 0 - 10 VDC signal. The control can be configured by the installer to use this signal to either control set point or firing rate.

DHW priority

The SMART SYSTEM control module allows connection of a DHW thermostat to the low voltage connection board. When the DHW thermostat calls for heat, the module activates the DHW pump, shuts down the boiler pump, and immediately sets the target outlet water temperature to 180°F (82.2°C). This provides automatic priority heat allocation to the indirect water heater for maximum response and recovery. The DHW pump continues for 30 seconds after the heating cycle to deliver the most possible heat.

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DHW / space heating (SH) cycling

If a DHW call for heat is received while a space heating call is in progress, the control will start the DHW pump and shut the boiler pump off. The system pump will remain on. If the space heating call is still active while the DHW call is in operation, the control will wait for 30 minutes (time adjustable by installer) then it will switch back to the space heating demand. The control will switch back and forth until one of the heat demands end. This function does not apply to cascade systems.

Programmable controlling sensor

The control module is programmed to use the outlet sensor as the control sensor by default. If a system supply sensor is connected, the control automatically uses it as the control sensor. The control sensor can be changed by the installer to the inlet sensor. If the inlet sensor is chosen as the controlling sensor, it is recommended that the system supply sensor be installed.

Anti-cycling

After a space heating demand has been satisfied, the control will delay the next space heating call for a set time period (time is adjustable by the installer). The time delay will be bypassed if the inlet water temperature drops too far during the delay.

Boiler, system, and DHW pump control

When a space heating call for heat starts and no DHW call is on, the system and boiler pumps are turned on. As long as the space heating call for heat is on, the system pump will remain on. If a DHW call for heat is on, the boiler pump will wait to turn on until just before the DHW pump turns off. After the space heating call for heat ends, both pumps will run for an additional period of time.

When a DHW call for heat starts, the DHW pump is turned on. If a space heating call for heat was on, the boiler pump will turn off a few seconds after the DHW pump turns on.

Temperature control

Modulation

The Knight XL is capable of modulating its firing rate from a minimum of 20% to a maximum of 100%. The firing rate is dictated by the call for heat (i.e., space heating or domestic hot water), the heating load, ramp delay (if enabled), and various other temperature limitations.