Nikon 4 user manual 152, Rgb

Appendix E

Noise

Data in an image file that are not a part of the original image, the digital equivalent of film grain. The presence of noise is reflected in a loss in image quality. Noise appears primarily in dark areas of the image, and can be reduced by adjusting exposure or lighting to fill in shadows.

ppcm

pixels per centimeter, a measure of resolution. The more pixels per centimeter, the higher the resolution. See also ppi, Resolution.

ppi

pixels per inch, a measure of resolution. The more pixels per inch, the higher the resolution. See also ppcm, Resolution.

Preferences

Settings controlling basic operations performed by a given program, adjustable by the user.

Profile

A file defining the color characteristics of an input device such as a scanner or digital camera, an output device such as a printer or monitor, or the color space used for editing images. Profiles are used by color management systems to ensure consistent color reproduction. The Nikon Color Management System used in Nikon Capture employs ICC profiles. See also Color space, ICC.

RAW image

A photograph taken at an image quality setting of HI-RAW. “Raw,” unmodified image data from the camera’s image sensor (charge-coupled display, or CCD) are saved in uncompressed form at a pixel bit-depth of twelve bits per pixel. RAW images can only be opened in Nikon Capture 4, and must be saved again in a standard image format such as TIFF or JPEG before they can be opened in another application. See also NEF.

Resolution

The density of dots or pixels that make up an image, measured in dots per inch (dpi) or pixels per inch (ppi); the resolution of Macintosh monitors, for example, is 72 ppi. The greater the density of dots or pixels, the higher the resolution and the greater the capacity to express detail. Resolution is hence the digital equivalent of film resolving power. Computer monitors typically have a resolution of 72 ppi or 96 ppi, while printers may have resolutions of 300 dpi, 600 dpi, 1200 dpi, or 2400 dpi. See also ppcm, ppi.

RGB

An additive color model commonly used in monitors, in which light emitted in three primary colors, Red, Green and Blue, is combined to create a wide variety of colors. White is modeled by mixing 100% of all three colors.

Scale

The output size of an image as a percentage of the input size. At a scale of 50%, images will be output at half their original size.

Speedlight

A brand name for Nikon flashes.

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