Novatel Software Version 4.45 OM-20000026 Rev 1 APPENDICES

Table of Contents
iv MiLLennium Command Descriptions Manual
7 RINEX-Standard Commands & Logs
7.1 Commands ..............................................................................................................................................................46
7.2 Logs ........................................................................................................................................................................47
RINEX............................................................................................................................................................47
XKIN................................................................................... ............................................................................47
XNAV.............................................................................................................................................................47
XNHD.............................................................................................................................................................48
XOBS..................................................................................... .........................................................................48
XOHD.............................................................................................................................................................48
XSTA..............................................................................................................................................................49
APPENDICES
A GPS Overview
A.1 GPS System Design ............................................................. ..................................................................................50
The Space Segment ........................................................................................................................................51
The Control Segment .....................................................................................................................................51
The User Segment ..........................................................................................................................................51
A.2 Height Relationships .............................................................................................................................................51
A.3 GPS Positioning ............................................................. .......................................................................................52
Single-Point vs. Relative Positioning .............................................................................................................53
Static vs. Kinematic Positioning .................................................. ..................................................................54
Real-time vs. Post-Mission Data Processing ................................................ .................................................54
A.3.1 Differential Positioning ......................................................................................................................................54
A.3.2 Pseudorange Algorithms ....................................................................................................................................55
Pseudorange Differential Positioning ............................................................................................................55
Dual Station Differential Positioning .............................................................................................................58
A.4 Carrier-Phase Algorithms ......................................................................................................................................59
B Multipath Elimination Technology
B.1 Multipath ...............................................................................................................................................................61
Why Does Multipath Occur? .........................................................................................................................61
Consequences Of Multipath Reception ..........................................................................................................62
B.2 Hardware Solutions For Multipath Reduction .............................................................. .........................................62
Antenna Site Selection ...................................................................................................................................62
Antenna Designs ............................................................................................................................................63
Antenna Ground Planes .................................................................................................................................64
NovAtel’s Internal Receiver Solutions for Multipath Reduction ................................................. .................65
C Commands Summary
ACCEPT ........................................................................................................................................................66
ANTENNAPOWER ............................................................. .........................................................................68
ASSIGN ................................................................................... ......................................................................69
CLOCKADJUST ........................................................................ ...................................................................70
COMn ........................................................... ..................................................................................................71
COMn_DTR ............................................................... ....................................................................................71
COMn_RTS ............................................................... ....................................................................................72
CONFIG ..................................................................... ....................................................................................73
CRESET .........................................................................................................................................................74
CSMOOTH ................................................................................. ...................................................................75
DATUM .........................................................................................................................................................76
DGPSTIMEOUT ............................................................. ..............................................................................77
DIFF_PROTOCOL.......................................................... ...................................................... .........................78
DYNAMICS ................................................................................ ..................................................................79
ECUTOFF ......................................................................................................................................................80
EXTERNALCLOCK .....................................................................................................................................81
EXTERNALCLOCK FREQUENCY.............................................................................................................83
FIX HEIGHT ............................................................. ....................................................................................84
FIX POSITION.......................................................................... .....................................................................85
FIX VELOCITY ................................................................... .........................................................................86
FREQUENCY_OUT .................................................... ....................................................... ..........................87
FRESET .........................................................................................................................................................88
HELP ..............................................................................................................................................................89