Bay Technical Associates RM356 manual Subnet Addressing, Example of Subnetting a Class B Address

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Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router

Subnet Addressing

By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number. It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.

Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives you 16 bits of node numbers translating to about 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as illustrated in Figure 1-2.

Class B

Network

Subnet

Node

7262

Figure 1-2. Example of Subnetting a Class B Address

A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For example, the IP address of 172.16.0.0 is assigned, but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum, allowing

8 extra bits to use as a subnet address. The IP address of 172.16.97.235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending the number of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization.

Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift 1 bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.

Introduction

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Contents NETGEAR, Inc Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem RouterTrademarks Statement of ConditionsEN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance Customer Support Bestätigung des Herstellers/ImporteursCertificate of the Manufacturer/Importer VCCI-2 StatementWorld Wide Web Contents Chapter Router Installation and Connection Chapter Remote Node Configuration Chapter System Maintenance Appendix a Technical Specifications Index Contents Figures Xii Tables System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Menu Fields Preface PurposeAudience Conventions Special Message FormatsUse of Enter, Type, and Press Other Conventions Related PublicationsPage Features Chapter IntroductionAbout the Router Key Features TCP/IP Support SupportManagement Support SecurityWhat is a Router? Basic Router ConceptsRouting Information Protocol IP Addresses and the Internet Three Main Address Classes Netmask Example of Subnetting a Class B Address Subnet AddressingNumber of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value Netmask Notation Translation Table for One OctetPrivate IP Addresses Netmask FormatsDotted-Decimal Mask-length Single IP Address Operation Using NAT Single IP Address Operation Using NATDomain Name Server Address Resolution ProtocolIP Configuration by Dhcp Package Contents Chapter Router Installation and ConnectionChecklists Telephone Line ChecklistISP Checklist Single-User Account Network Checklist Front Panel of the Model RM356 Modem Router Connecting the RouterLabel Activity Description LED DescriptionsConnecting to the Line Port Connecting the Serial Cable OptionalConnecting to the Hub Ports Connecting a Telephone, Fax, or ModemConnecting the Power Adapter Connecting Through the Serial Port Connecting for ConfigurationConnecting Through a Telnet Connection Configuration Methods Chapter Router ConfigurationStart-up Display Powering on the RouterManager Menu Commands Navigating the ManagerAction Description Manager Main Menu is illustrated in Figure Manager Menu Summary Manager Menu SummaryNumber Menu Title Description Menu 1 General Setup General Setup MenuField Description Example Modem Setup MenuModem Setup Menu Parameters Modem MenusAdvanced Modem Setup Menu Advanced Modem Setup Menu Field DescriptionsField Description Default Field Description General Setup MenuEthernet General Setup Menu Filter Sets Ethernet MenuMenu 3 Ethernet Setup Menu Fields Dhcp and TCP/IP SetupRIP Direction Manager Password Setup Information Checklist Chapter Configuration for Internet AccessInternet Access Configuration Configuration for Single-User Account Backup ISP Accounts Configuring for a Backup ISPSwitching to a Backup ISP Chapter Remote Node Configuration Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile Fields PPP Options on Fields in Menu 11.2 Remote Node PPP Options Editing PPP OptionsEditing Script Options Script Options DisplayField Description Option Page Default Dial-In Setup Chapter Dial-In ConfigurationFields in Menu 13 Default Dial-in Setup Dial-In User Setup Fields in Menu 14.1 Edit Dial-in User More On Clid Page LAN-to-LAN Application Chapter TCP/IP ConfigurationFields in Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile Fields Remote Node SetupMenu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options Fields RIP Static Route SetupEdit IP Static Route Menu Fields Page Outgoing Packet Filtering Process Chapter Filter ConfigurationRouter Filter Structure Configuring a Filter SetAbbreviations Used in Menu 21.1 Filter Rules Summary Abbreviations Used if Filter Type Is IPAbbreviation Description Configuring a Filter Rule TCP/IP Filter RuleAbbreviations Used if Filter Type Is GEN IP Protocol TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu FieldsTCP Estab Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields Generic Filter RuleApplying a Filter Set Diagnosing the Situation Reducing Unnecessary Calls by WindowsReference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router Implementing the Filter Menu 21 Filter Set ConfigurationShows Menu 21.1.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule Filter Rules Summary Menu Remote Node Profile Menu Applying the FilterSystem Status Chapter System MaintenanceSystem Maintenance Status Menu Fields Command Field Name DescriptionMake an outgoing call Log and Trace Terminal Baud RateSyslog and Accounting View Error LogSystem Maintenance Log and Trace Menu Fields Command FieldField Command Description System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Menu FieldsSystem Maintenance Diagnostic Menu Fields Diagnostic MenuTrace Display for a Successful TCP/IP Protocol Connection Call Testing and TCP/IP ToolsTrace Display for a Failed TCP/IP Protocol Connection System ToolsBack Up Configuration Restore ConfigurationSoftware Update Call Control Command Interpreter ModeBlacklist Budget ManagementCall History Page Chapter Troubleshooting Basic FunctioningLAN Link LED Testing the LAN Path to Your Router Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping UtilityTesting the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device Troubleshooting a Remote User Connection Troubleshooting a Remote Node or ISP ConnectionTroubleshooting the Manager Interface Restoring the Default Configuration and Password Trace the call Using the Packet and Log TracePacket Trace Display Definitions Packet Trace Display FormatGeneral Specification Appendix a Technical SpecificationsElectromagnetic Emissions Physical SpecificationsEnvironmental Specifications Interface SpecificationsIndex Dhcp Index Index Index TCP/IP

RM356 specifications

Bay Technical Associates RM356 is a state-of-the-art remote monitoring solution designed for a wide range of industries. It is particularly suited for companies requiring a reliable system for tracking and monitoring operations in real-time. This advanced device combines innovative technologies to deliver unparalleled functionality and performance.

One of the standout features of the RM356 is its robust data acquisition capabilities. The device can interface with various sensors and equipment, enabling it to collect critical data from multiple sources. This real-time data collection allows for immediate analysis and facilitates informed decision-making. The RM356 supports various protocols and standards, making it highly compatible with existing infrastructure.

Another significant characteristic of the RM356 is its advanced communication technology. Equipped with both wired and wireless communication options, including LTE, Wi-Fi, and Ethernet, it ensures seamless connectivity in various environments. This versatility enables businesses to monitor operations remotely, reducing the need for on-site presence and enhancing operational efficiency.

The RM356 also incorporates cutting-edge analytics and reporting tools. Its built-in software allows users to visualize data through intuitive dashboards, making it easier to identify trends and anomalies. These analytics capabilities help organizations optimize processes and address potential issues before they escalate, ultimately improving productivity and reducing operational costs.

Security is a top priority for the RM356. The unit comes with robust encryption and authentication measures to ensure that the data it collects remains secure from unauthorized access. This feature is especially critical for industries handling sensitive information or operating in regulated environments.

Additionally, the RM356 is designed with user-friendliness in mind. Its installation process is straightforward, with comprehensive setup guides available for quick deployment. Once operational, users can easily navigate the system interface, allowing for efficient monitoring and management of their operations.

With its combination of advanced features, reliable communication, data analytics, and strict security measures, Bay Technical Associates RM356 stands out as an excellent choice for businesses looking to enhance their monitoring capabilities. Whether in manufacturing, logistics, energy, or other sectors, the RM356 is poised to deliver improved outcomes and support organizations in their quest for operational excellence.
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