HP Routing Services -UX 11i v2 manual Gated Routing Daemon, Advantages

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Overview

The gated Routing Daemon

NOTE

The gated Routing Daemon

gated (pronounced “gate D”) is a routing daemon that updates routing tables in internetwork routers. Developed at Cornell University, gated handles the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), External Gateway Protocol (EGP), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol, and the Router Discovery Protocol (RDP), or any combination of these protocols.

Routing protocols are designed to find a path between network nodes. If multiple paths exist for a given protocol, the shorter paths are usually chosen. Each protocol has a cost or a metric that it applies to each path. In most cases, the lower the cost or metric for a given path, the more likely a protocol will choose it.

You cannot use System Administration Manager (SAM) to configure gated.

Upon startup, gated reads the kernel routing table on the local machine. gated maintains a complete routing table in the user space, and keeps the kernel routing table (in the kernel space) synchronized with this table.

In large local networks, multiple paths often exist to other parts of the local network. You can use gated to maintain nearly optimal routing to other parts of the local network, and to recover from link failures.

Advantages

gated offers the following advantages:

Dynamic routing eliminates the need to reset routes manually. When network failures occur, routes are automatically rerouted.

Dynamic routing facilitates adding and administering nodes.

Dynamic routing lowers the cost of operating complex Internet systems.

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Contents Edition Manufacturing Part Number B2355-90777 AugustGovernment License WarrantyCopyright Notice Trademark Notices Page Contents Contents Index Contents Intended Audience HP-UX Release Name and Release IdentifierPublishing History What Is in This DocumentDocument Organization Chapter Description HP-UX Internet Services Administrator’s Guide Related DocumentationMbone FAQ Typographical ConventionsHP Encourages Your Feedback BoldVersion of HP-UX that you are using Overview Overview Multicasting Overview Mrouted Routing DaemonDvmrp Protocol Dvmrp Tunnel Multicast Dvmrp TunnelEndpoint IP Multicast Addresses Class D IP Multicast Address FormatMulticast Groups Mrouted Routing Daemon Gated Routing Daemon AdvantagesDeciding When to Use gated Routing Protocols Comparison of RIP and Ospf Protocols RIP OspfRIP Ospf Gated Routing Daemon Gated Routing Daemon Chapter Configuring mrouted Configuring mrouted How to Configure mrouted Configuration CommandsTunnel Multicast Network Example Configuration How to Configure mrouted How to Configure mrouted Starting mrouted Verifying mrouted Operation Displaying mrouted Routing Tables HUP Displaying mrouted Routing Tables Map-mbone Tool Multicast Routing Support ToolsMrinfo Tool Netstat ToolMulticast Routing Support Tools Chapter Configuring gated Configuring gated Configuration Overview Configuring gated Protocol statements follow Converting the Configuration File from 3.0 to Cp /etc/gated.conf /etc/gated.conf.30 Configuring the RIP Protocol RIP Protocol StatementDefault Range 1 Configuration Options End Systems Simple RIP ConfigurationExample of Simple RIP Configuration RoutersExample of a Large RIP Configuration RIP RouterRoot Server Major RouterCluster Node Isolated Node Single NodeCluster or Root Server Node Controlling RIP Traffic Major RouterConfiguring the RIP Protocol Configuring the Ospf Protocol Area Areas Defined in an Autonomous SystemNetwork Router Area Configuring the Ospf Protocol Planning Your Ospf Configuration Enabling Ospf Area Border Router Configuration Example Defining AreasArea To Network a 193.2.1.33 Border Router To Network B Networks Statement Network Configuration ExampleInterface Statement Configuring the Ospf Protocol Default None Multicast Router Interface Example Router 193.2.1.35 NetworkNon-Broadcast Router Interface Example Range 0Router Network 193.2.1.35 193.2.1.33 Internet 193.2.1.46 Hellointerval value must be the same for all Ospf routers Configuring the Ospf Protocol Router 193.2.1.1 193.2.1.2 Point-to-Point Router Interface ExampleStub Areas Area Router 193.2.1.20 193.2.1.17 193.2.1.18 193.2.1.19Defining Backbones Area 15.13.115.156 Router a Router BAuthentication Authkey travis Authkey pepeCost Cost LAN 1 LAN 2AS External Routes AS Boundary Routers Only Default Configuring the Ospf Protocol Sample Ospf Configuration Internal Router Non-Stub AreaArea Border Router Internal Router Stub Area Accessing the Ospf MIB Configuring RDP RDP ServerRDP Client Server RDP ClientInstalling Static Routes Specifying a Default RouterCustomizing Routes Setting Interface States Specifying Tracing Options Files Option EffectSpecifying Route Preference Default Preference Values of RoutesRoute Type Preference BGP Specifying Route Preference Import Statement Importing and Exporting RoutesExport Statement Examples of import and export Statements Starting gated Command Line Options for gatedFlag Effect Verifying That gated Is Running 100Checking for Syntax Errors in the Configuration File Troubleshooting gatedTracing gated Activity Operational User Interface for gated gdc 102Ripquery Tool Gated Routing TableOspfmonitor Tool Problem 1 gated does not act as expected Common Problems104 Chapter 105 Problem 2 gated deletes routes from the routing table 106Problem 3 gated adds routes that appear to be incorrect Problem 4 gated does not add routes that you think it must 108Index 109110 111 112 TOS 113