Trane TRG-TRC007-EN manual Logarithmic Scale, 10 ´ log

Page 19

period one

Fundamentals of Sound

notes

Logarithmic Scale

ratio

 

log10

 

10 ´ log10

 

 

1

 

0

 

0

10

 

1

 

10

100

 

2

 

20

1,000

 

3

 

30

10,000

 

4

 

40

100,000

 

5

 

50

1,000,000

 

6

 

60

10,000,000

 

7

 

70

100,000,000

 

8

 

80

1,000,000,000

 

9

 

90

 

 

 

 

Figure 14

A logarithm is the exponent power of the base. In this case, the base is ten. For example, the log10 of 10 (or 101) equals 1, the log10 of 100 (or 102) equals 2, and the log10 of 1,000,000,000 (or 109) equals 9.

As mentioned earlier, the loudest sound the human ear can hear without damage due to prolonged exposure is about 1,000,000,000 times greater than the quietest perceptible sound. If we use the quietest perceptible sound as the reference value, this ratio would range from 1 to 1,000,000,000. Converting this arithmetic range to a log10 scale yields a range of 0 to 9. This unitless result is described in terms of bels. Multiplying by ten results in the more-commonly used broader range of 0 to 90 decibels (dB).

12

TRG-TRC007-EN

Image 19
Contents Air Conditioning Clinic Fundamentals of Hvac Acoustics Business Reply Mail One of the Fundamental Series Comment CardFundamentals of Hvac Acoustics Fundamentals of Hvac Acoustics PrefaceContents TRG-TRC007-EN Fundamentals of Sound Fundamentals of SoundWhat is Sound? What is Sound?Sound Wave and Frequency Wavelength Broadband Sound and Tones Broadband SoundOctave Bands Octave BandsLogarithmic sums One-Third Octave Bands Sound Power and Sound Pressure Sound Power and Sound PressureAn Analogy Decibel DB = 10 log10 ´ log Logarithmic ScaleEquation for Sound Pressure Equation for Sound Power50 dB + 44 dB = 51 dB Logarithmic Addition of DecibelsHuman Ear Sound Perception Rating MethodsHuman Ear Response Loudness Contours Single-Number Rating Methods Response to TonesSingle-Number Rating Methods Sound Perception and Rating Methods C WeightingWeighting Example Weighting Noise Criteria NC Curves NC-39 Room Criteria RC Curves MPa DB ref Pressure Sound Perception and Rating Methods RC-31 R Phon and Sone Octave-Band Rating Method Octave-Band Rating MethodAcoustical Analysis Acoustical AnalysisSetting a Design Goal Setting a Design GoalAcoustical Analysis Source-Path-Receiver Analysis Acoustical AnalysisSource-Path-Receiver Model Airborne Typical Sound PathsExample of Multiple Sound Paths Examples of a Single Sound PathIdentifying Sound Sources and Paths Sound-Path Modeling Modeling Sound PathsSupply Algorithms for Sound-Path Modeling Computerized Analysis Tools Terms Used in Sound-Path Modeling Attenuation and RegenerationSound Transmission Insertion loss IL Noise reduction NR Transmission loss TL Absorption Reflected Sound Receiver Sound Correction Equipment Sound Rating Equipment Sound RatingFields of Measurement Free FieldDistance Correction in a Free Field = L p1 20 logLot Near Field Reverberant Field Semireverberant Field Hvac Equipment Sound Rating Rating Hvac EquipmentReverberant-Room Method Free-Field Method Industry Standards Ducted Air-Handling Equipment Air Handler Test Configurations Former Methods of Sound Testing ARI Standard Sound Power by Octave Band Review-Period One ReviewNoise criteria NC Room criteria RC Review-Period TwoReview-Period Three Review-Period Four Review Questions for Period QuizOctave-band frequency, Hz Answers Glossary Glossary Room effect See receiver room correction Glossary Trane