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Cisco ME 3400 Ethernet Access Switch Software Configuration Guide

OL-9639-06

Chapter 5 Administering the Switch

Managing the ARP Table

Contents

Main Cisco ME 3400 Ethernet Access Switch Software Configuration Guide Page CONTENTS Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Preface Audience Purpose Conventions Related Publications Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request Page Overview Features Performance Features Management Options Manageability Features Page Availability Features VLAN Features Security Features Subscriber Security Switch Security Network Security Quality of Service and Class of Service Features Layer 2 Virtual Private Network Services Layer 3 Features Layer 3 VPN Services Monitoring Features Default Settings After Initial Switch Configuration Page Page Network Configuration Examples Multidwelling or Ethernet-to-the-Subscriber Network Layer 2 VPN Application Service Provider POP Residential location Residential basement Multi-VRF CE Application Where to Go Next Page Using the Command-Line Interface Understanding Command Modes Page Understanding the Help System Understanding Abbreviated Commands Understanding no and default Forms of Commands Understanding CLI Error Messages Using Command History Changing the Command History Buffer Size Recalling Commands Disabling the Command History Feature Using Editing Features Enabling and Disabling Editing Features Editing Commands through Keystrokes Page Editing Command Lines that Wrap Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands Accessing the CLI Accessing the CLI through a Console Connection or through Telnet Page Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway Understanding the Boot Process Assigning Switch Information Default Switch Information Understanding DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration DHCP Client Request Process Understanding DHCP-based Autoconfiguration and Image Update DHCP Autoconfiguration DHCP Auto-Image Update Limitations and Restrictions Configuring DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration DHCP Server Configuration Guidelines Configuring the TFTP Server Configuring the DNS Configuring the Relay Device Obtaining Configuration Files Example Configuration Configuring the DHCP Auto Configuration and Image Update Features Configuring DHCP Autoconfiguration (Only Configuration File) Configuring DHCP Auto-Image Update (Configuration File and Image) Configuring the Client Manually Assigning IP Information Checking and Saving the Running Configuration 3-15 Modifying the Startup Configuration Default Boot Configuration Automatically Downloading a Configuration File Specifying the Filename to Read and Write the System Configuration Booting Manually Booting a Specific Software Image Controlling Environment Variables Page Scheduling a Reload of the Software Image Configuring a Scheduled Reload Displaying Scheduled Reload Information Configuring Cisco IOS CNS Agents Understanding Cisco Configuration Engine Software Configuration Service Event Service NameSpace Mapper What You Should Know About the CNS IDs and Device Hostnames ConfigID DeviceID Hostname and DeviceID Using Hostname, DeviceID, and ConfigID Understanding Cisco IOS Agents Initial Configuration V Incremental (Partial) Configuration Synchronized Configuration Configuring Cisco IOS Agents Enabling Automated CNS Configuration Enabling the CNS Event Agent Enabling the Cisco IOS CNS Agent Enabling an Initial Configuration Page Page Page Enabling a Partial Configuration Upgrading Devices with Cisco IOS Image Agent Prerequisites for the CNS Image Agent Restrictions for the CNS Image Agent Displaying CNS Configuration Page Administering the Switch Managing the System Time and Date Understanding the System Clock Understanding Network Time Protocol Page Configuring NTP Default NTP Configuration Configuring NTP Authentication Configuring NTP Associations Configuring NTP Broadcast Service Page Configuring NTP Access Restrictions Creating an Access Group and Assigning a Basic IP Access List Page Disabling NTP Services on a Specific Interface Configuring the Source IP Address for NTP Packets Displaying the NTP Configuration Configuring Time and Date Manually Setting the System Clock Displaying the Time and Date Configuration Configuring the Time Zone Configuring Summer Time (Daylight Saving Time) Configuring a System Name and Prompt Default System Name and Prompt Configuration Configuring a System Name Understanding DNS Default DNS Configuration Setting Up DNS Displaying the DNS Configuration Creating a Banner Default Banner Configuration Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Login Banner Configuring a Login Banner Suppressing the Power-Supply Alarm on an ME 3400G-12CS Switch Managing the MAC Address Table Building the Address Table MAC Addresses and VLANs Default MAC Address Table Configuration Changing the Address Aging Time Removing Dynamic Address Entries Configuring MAC Address Notification Traps Page Adding and Removing Static Address Entries Configuring Unicast MAC Address Filtering Disabling MAC Address Learning on a VLAN Displaying Address Table Entries Managing the ARP Table Page Configuring SDM Templates Understanding the SDM Templates Configuring the Switch SDM Template Default SDM Template SDM Template Configuration Guidelines Setting the SDM Template 6-4 This example shows how to configure a switch with the layer-2 template. Displaying the SDM Templates This is an example of output from the show sdm prefer layer-2 command: Configuring Switch-Based Authentication Preventing Unauthorized Access to Your Switch Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands Default Password and Privilege Level Configuration Setting or Changing a Static Enable Password Protecting Enable and Enable Secret Passwords with Encryption Page Disabling Password Recovery Setting a Telnet Password for a Terminal Line Configuring Username and Password Pairs Configuring Multiple Privilege Levels Setting the Privilege Level for a Command Changing the Default Privilege Level for Lines Logging into and Exiting a Privilege Level Controlling Switch Access with TACACS+ Understanding TACACS+ Page TACACS+ Operation Configuring TACACS+ Default TACACS+ Configuration Identifying the TACACS+ Server Host and Setting the Authentication Key Configuring TACACS+ Login Authentication Page Configuring TACACS+ Authorization for Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services Starting TACACS+ Accounting Displaying the TACACS+ Configuration Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS Understanding RADIUS RADIUS Operation Configuring RADIUS Default RADIUS Configuration Identifying the RADIUS Server Host Page Page Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication Page Defining AAA Server Groups Page Configuring RADIUS Authorization for User Privileged Access and Network Services Starting RADIUS Accounting Configuring Settings for All RADIUS Servers Configuring the Switch to Use Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes Configuring the Switch for Vendor-Proprietary RADIUS Server Communication Displaying the RADIUS Configuration Controlling Switch Access with Kerberos Understanding Kerberos Page Kerberos Operation Authenticating to a Boundary Switch Obtaining a TGT from a KDC Authenticating to Network Services Configuring Kerberos Configuring the Switch for Local Authentication and Authorization Configuring the Switch for Secure Shell Understanding SSH SSH Servers, Integrated Clients, and Supported Versions Limitations Configuring SSH Setting Up the Switch to Run SSH Configuring the SSH Server Displaying the SSH Configuration and Status Configuring the Switch for Secure Copy Protocol Information About Secure Copy Page Configuring IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication Understanding IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication Device Roles Authentication Initiation and Message Exchange Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States IEEE 802.1x Accounting IEEE 802.1x Accounting Attribute-Value Pairs IEEE 802.1x Host Mode Using 802.1x Readiness Check Using IEEE 802.1x with Port Security Using IEEE 802.1x with VLAN Assignment Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication Default IEEE 802.1x Configuration IEEE 802.1x Configuration Guidelines Maximum Number of Allowed Devices Per Port Configuring 802.1x Readiness Check Configuring IEEE 802.1x Violation Modes Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication Page Configuring the Switch-to-RADIUS-Server Communication Configuring Periodic Re-Authentication Manually Re-Authenticating a Client Connected to a Port Changing the Quiet Period Changing the Switch-to-Client Retransmission Time Setting the Switch-to-Client Frame-Retransmission Number Setting the Re-Authentication Number Configuring the Host Mode Resetting the IEEE 802.1x Configuration to the Default Values Configuring IEEE 802.1x Accounting Displaying IEEE 802.1x Statistics and Status Page Configuring Interfaces Understanding Interface Types UNI, NNI, and ENI Port Types Port-Based VLANs Switch Ports Access Ports Trunk Ports Tunnel Ports Routed Ports Switch Virtual Interfaces EtherChannel Port Groups Dual-Purpose Ports Connecting Interfaces Using Interface Configuration Mode Procedures for Configuring Interfaces Configuring a Range of Interfaces Configuring and Using Interface Range Macros Page Configuring Ethernet Interfaces Default Ethernet Interface Configuration Page Configuring the Port Type Configuring Interface Speed and Duplex Mode Speed and Duplex Configuration Guidelines Setting the Interface Speed and Duplex Parameters Configuring a Dual-Purpose Port Page Configuring IEEE 802.3x Flow Control Configuring Auto-MDIX on an Interface Adding a Description for an Interface Configuring Layer 3 Interfaces Configuring the System MTU Page Page Monitoring and Maintaining the Interfaces Monitoring Interface Status Clearing and Resetting Interfaces and Counters Shutting Down and Restarting the Interface Configuring Command Macros Understanding Command Macros Configuring Command Macros Default Command Macro Configuration Command Macro Configuration Guidelines Creating Command Macros Applying Command Macros Displaying Command Macros Page Configuring VLANs Understanding VLANs Page Supported VLANs Normal-Range VLANs Extended-Range VLANs VLAN Port Membership Modes UNI-ENI VLANs Page Creating and Modifying VLANs Default Ethernet VLAN Configuration VLAN Configuration Guidelines Creating or Modifying an Ethernet VLAN Page Assigning Static-Access Ports to a VLAN Creating an Extended-Range VLAN with an Internal VLAN ID Configuring UNI-ENI VLANs Configuring UNI-ENI VLANs Displaying VLANs Configuring VLAN Trunks Trunking Overview IEEE 802.1Q Configuration Considerations Default Layer 2 Ethernet Interface VLAN Configuration Configuring an Ethernet Interface as a Trunk Port Interaction with Other Features Configuring a Trunk Port Defining the Allowed VLANs on a Trunk Page Configuring the Native VLAN for Untagged Traffic Configuring Trunk Ports for Load Sharing Load Sharing Using STP Port Priorities Load Sharing Using STP Path Cost Page Configuring VMPS Understanding VMPS Dynamic-Access Port VLAN Membership Default VMPS Client Configuration VMPS Configuration Guidelines Configuring the VMPS Client Entering the IP Address of the VMPS Configuring Dynamic-Access Ports on VMPS Clients Reconfirming VLAN Memberships Changing the Reconfirmation Interval Changing the Retry Count Monitoring the VMPS Troubleshooting Dynamic-Access Port VLAN Membership VMPS Configuration Example 11-29 Page Configuring Private VLANs Understanding Private VLANs Types of Private VLANs and Private-VLAN Ports Page IP Addressing Scheme with Private VLANs Private VLANs across Multiple Switches Private VLANs and Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic Private VLANs and SVIs Configuring Private VLANs Tasks for Configuring Private VLANs Default Private-VLAN Configuration Private-VLAN Configuration Guidelines Secondary and Primary VLAN Configuration Private-VLAN Port Configuration Limitations with Other Features Configuring and Associating VLANs in a Private VLAN Configuring a Layer 2 Interface as a Private-VLAN Host Port Page Configuring a Layer 2 Interface as a Private-VLAN Promiscuous Port Mapping Secondary VLANs to a Primary VLAN Layer 3 VLAN Interface Monitoring Private VLANs Page Configuring IEEE 802.1Q and Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Understanding IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Page Page Configuring IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Default IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Configuration IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Configuration Guidelines Native VLANs System MTU IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling and Other Features Configuring an IEEE 802.1Q Tunneling Port Understanding Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Page 13-9 Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Default Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Configuration Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Configuration Guidelines Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Page Configuring Layer 2 Tunneling for EtherChannels Configuring the SP Edge Switch Page Configuring the Customer Switch 13-17 SP edge switch 2 configuration: Monitoring and Maintaining Tunneling Status Configuring STP Understanding Spanning-Tree Features STP Overview Spanning-Tree Topology and BPDUs Bridge ID, Switch Priority, and Extended System ID Spanning-Tree Interface States Page Blocking State Listening State Learning State Forwarding State Disabled State How a Switch or Port Becomes the Root Switch or Root Port Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity Spanning-Tree Address Management Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity Spanning-Tree Modes and Protocols Supported Spanning-Tree Instances Spanning-Tree Interoperability and Backward Compatibility STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks Configuring Spanning-Tree Features Default Spanning-Tree Configuration Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines Enabling Spanning Tree on an ENI Changing the Spanning-Tree Mode. Disabling Spanning Tree Configuring the Root Switch Page Configuring a Secondary Root Switch Configuring Port Priority Page Configuring Path Cost Configuring the Switch Priority of a VLAN Configuring Spanning-Tree Timers Configuring the Hello Time Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time for a VLAN Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time for a VLAN Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status Page Configuring MSTP Understanding MSTP Multiple Spanning-Tree Regions IST, CIST, and CST Operations Within an MST Region Operations Between MST Regions IEEE 802.1s Terminology Hop Count Boundary Ports IEEE 802.1s Implementation Port Role Naming Change Interoperation Between Legacy and Standard Switches Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure Interoperability with IEEE 802.1D STP Understanding RSTP Port Roles and the Active Topology Rapid Convergence Synchronization of Port Roles Bridge Protocol Data Unit Format and Processing Processing Superior BPDU Information Processing Inferior BPDU Information Topology Changes Configuring MSTP Features Default MSTP Configuration MSTP Configuration Guidelines Specifying the MST Region Configuration and Enabling MSTP Configuring the Root Switch Configuring a Secondary Root Switch Configuring Port Priority Page Configuring Path Cost Configuring the Switch Priority Configuring the Hello Time Configuring the Forwarding-Delay Time Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time Configuring the Maximum-Hop Count Specifying the Link Type to Ensure Rapid Transitions Designating the Neighbor Type Restarting the Protocol Migration Process Displaying the MST Configuration and Status Page Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features Understanding Optional Spanning-Tree Features Understanding Port Fast Understanding BPDU Guard Understanding BPDU Filtering Understanding EtherChannel Guard Understanding Root Guard Understanding Loop Guard Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features Default Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines Enabling Port Fast Enabling BPDU Guard Enabling BPDU Filtering Enabling EtherChannel Guard Enabling Root Guard Enabling Loop Guard Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status Page Configuring Resilient Ethernet Protocol Understanding REP Page Link Integrity Fast Convergence VLAN Load Balancing Spanning Tree Interaction REP Ports Configuring REP Default REP Configuration REP Configuration Guidelines Configuring the REP Administrative VLAN Page Configuring REP Interfaces Page Setting Manual Preemption for VLAN Load Balancing Configuring SNMP Traps for REP Monitoring REP Configuring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update Feature Understanding Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update Flex Links VLAN Flex Link Load Balancing and Support Flex Link Multicast Fast Convergence Learning the Other Flex Link Port as the mrouter Port Generating IGMP Reports Leaking IGMP Reports Configuration Examples Page MAC Address-Table Move Update Configuring Flex Links and MAC Address-Table Move Update Configuring Flex Links Page Configuring VLAN Load Balancing on Flex Links Page Configuring the MAC Address-Table Move Update Feature Page Monitoring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update Configuring DHCP Features and IP Source Guard Understanding DHCP Features DHCP Server DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Snooping Option-82 Data Insertion Page Circuit ID Suboption Frame Format Remote ID Suboption Frame Format Cisco IOS DHCP Server Database DHCP Snooping Binding Database Circuit ID Suboption Frame Format (for user-configured string): Remote ID Suboption Frame Format (for user-configured string): Configuring DHCP Features Default DHCP Configuration DHCP Snooping Configuration Guidelines Page Configuring the DHCP Server Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Specifying the Packet Forwarding Address Enabling DHCP Snooping and Option 82 Page Enabling DHCP Snooping on Private VLANs Enabling the Cisco IOS DHCP Server Database Enabling the DHCP Snooping Binding Database Agent Displaying DHCP Snooping Information Understanding IP Source Guard Source IP Address Filtering Source IP and MAC Address Filtering Configuring IP Source Guard Default IP Source Guard Configuration IP Source Guard Configuration Guidelines Enabling IP Source Guard Page Displaying IP Source Guard Information Understanding DHCP Server Port-Based Address Allocation Configuring DHCP Server Port-Based Address Allocation Default Port-Based Address Allocation Configuration Port-Based Address Allocation Configuration Guidelines Enabling DHCP Server Port-Based Address Allocation Page Displaying DHCP Server Port-Based Address Allocation Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection Understanding Dynamic ARP Inspection Page Interface Trust States and Network Security Rate Limiting of ARP Packets Relative Priority of ARP ACLs and DHCP Snooping Entries Logging of Dropped Packets Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection Default Dynamic ARP Inspection Configuration Dynamic ARP Inspection Configuration Guidelines Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection in DHCP Environments Configuring ARP ACLs for Non-DHCP Environments Page Limiting the Rate of Incoming ARP Packets Page Performing Validation Checks Configuring the Log Buffer Page Displaying Dynamic ARP Inspection Information Page Page Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR Understanding IGMP Snooping IGMP Versions Joining a Multicast Group Page Leaving a Multicast Group Immediate Leave IGMP Configurable-Leave Timer IGMP Report Suppression Configuring IGMP Snooping Default IGMP Snooping Configuration Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping Configuring a Multicast Router Port Configuring a Host Statically to Join a Group Enabling IGMP Immediate Leave Configuring the IGMP Leave Timer Configuring TCN-Related Commands Controlling the Multicast Flooding Time After a TCN Event Recovering from Flood Mode Disabling Multicast Flooding During a TCN Event Configuring the IGMP Snooping Querier Page Disabling IGMP Report Suppression Displaying IGMP Snooping Information Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration Using MVR in a Multicast Television Application Page Configuring MVR Default MVR Configuration MVR Configuration Guidelines and Limitations Configuring MVR Global Parameters Configuring MVR on Access Ports Page Configuring MVR on Trunk Ports Displaying MVR Information Configuring IGMP Filtering and Throttling Default IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration Configuring IGMP Profiles Applying IGMP Profiles Setting the Maximum Number of IGMP Groups Configuring the IGMP Throttling Action Page Displaying IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration Page Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control Configuring Storm Control Understanding Storm Control Page Default Storm Control Configuration Configuring Storm Control and Threshold Levels Page Configuring Small-Frame Arrival Rate Configuring Protected Ports Default Protected Port Configuration Protected Port Configuration Guidelines Configuring a Protected Port Configuring Port Blocking Default Port Blocking Configuration Blocking Flooded Traffic on an Interface Configuring Port Security Understanding Port Security Secure MAC Addresses Security Violations Default Port Security Configuration Port Security Configuration Guidelines Enabling and Configuring Port Security Page Page Page Enabling and Configuring Port Security Aging Port Security and Private VLANs Displaying Port-Based Traffic Control Settings Configuring CDP Understanding CDP Configuring CDP Default CDP Configuration Configuring the CDP Characteristics Disabling and Enabling CDP Disabling and Enabling CDP on an Interface Monitoring and Maintaining CDP Page Configuring LLDP and LLDP-MED Understanding LLDP and LLDP-MED Understanding LLDP Understanding LLDP-MED Configuring LLDP and LLDP-MED Default LLDP Configuration Configuring LLDP Characteristics Disabling and Enabling LLDP Globally Disabling and Enabling LLDP on an Interface Configuring LLDP-MED TLVs Monitoring and Maintaining LLDP and LLDP-MED Page Configuring UDLD Understanding UDLD Modes of Operation Methods to Detect Unidirectional Links Configuring UDLD Default UDLD Configuration Enabling UDLD Globally Enabling UDLD on an Interface Resetting an Interface Disabled by UDLD Displaying UDLD Status Configuring SPAN and RSPAN Understanding SPAN and RSPAN Local SPAN Remote SPAN SPAN and RSPAN Concepts and Terminology SPAN Sessions Monitored Traffic Source Ports Source VLANs VLAN Filtering Destination Port RSPAN VLAN SPAN and RSPAN Interaction with Other Features Configuring SPAN and RSPAN Default SPAN and RSPAN Configuration Configuring Local SPAN SPAN Configuration Guidelines Creating a Local SPAN Session Page Creating a Local SPAN Session and Configuring Ingress Traffic Page Specifying VLANs to Filter Configuring RSPAN RSPAN Configuration Guidelines Configuring a VLAN as an RSPAN VLAN Creating an RSPAN Source Session Page Creating an RSPAN Destination Session Creating an RSPAN Destination Session and Configuring Ingress Traffic Specifying VLANs to Filter Displaying SPAN and RSPAN Status Configuring RMON Understanding RMON Configuring RMON Default RMON Configuration Configuring RMON Alarms and Events Page Collecting Group History Statistics on an Interface Collecting Group Ethernet Statistics on an Interface Displaying RMON Status Configuring System Message Logging Understanding System Message Logging Configuring System Message Logging System Log Message Format Default System Message Logging Configuration Disabling Message Logging Setting the Message Display Destination Device Synchronizing Log Messages Enabling and Disabling Time Stamps on Log Messages Enabling and Disabling Sequence Numbers in Log Messages Defining the Message Severity Level Page Limiting Syslog Messages Sent to the History Table and to SNMP Enabling the Configuration-Change Logger Page Configuring UNIX Syslog Servers Logging Messages to a UNIX Syslog Daemon Configuring the UNIX System Logging Facility Displaying the Logging Configuration Page Configuring SNMP Understanding SNMP SNMP Versions SNMP Manager Functions SNMP Agent Functions SNMP Community Strings Using SNMP to Access MIB Variables SNMP Notifications SNMP ifIndex MIB Object Values MIB Data Collection and Transfer Configuring SNMP Default SNMP Configuration SNMP Configuration Guidelines Disabling the SNMP Agent Configuring Community Strings Page Configuring SNMP Groups and Users Page Configuring SNMP Notifications Page Page Page Setting the Agent Contact and Location Information Limiting TFTP Servers Used Through SNMP Configuring MIB Data Collection and Transfer Page Page Configuring the Cisco Process MIB CPU Threshold Table SNMP Examples Page Displaying SNMP Status Configuring Embedded Event Manager Understanding Embedded Event Manager Event Detectors Page Embedded Event Manager Actions Embedded Event Manager Policies Embedded Event Manager Environment Variables Configuring Embedded Event Manager Registering and Defining an Embedded Event Manager Applet Registering and Defining an Embedded Event Manager TCL Script Displaying Embedded Event Manager Information Page Configuring Network Security with ACLs Understanding ACLs Supported ACLs Port ACLs Router ACLs VLAN Maps Handling Fragmented and Unfragmented Traffic Configuring IPv4 ACLs Creating Standard and Extended IPv4 ACLs IPv4 Access List Numbers ACL Logging Creating a Numbered Standard ACL Creating a Numbered Extended ACL Page Page Page Resequencing ACEs in an ACL Creating Named Standard and Extended ACLs Page Using Time Ranges with ACLs Page Including Comments in ACLs Applying an IPv4 ACL to a Terminal Line Applying an IPv4 ACL to an Interface Hardware and Software Treatment of IP ACLs IPv4 ACL Configuration Examples Page Numbered ACLs Extended ACLs Named ACLs Time Range Applied to an IP ACL Commented IP ACL Entries ACL Logging Creating Named MAC Extended ACLs Applying a MAC ACL to a Layer 2 Interface Configuring VLAN Maps VLAN Map Configuration Guidelines Creating a VLAN Map Examples of ACLs and VLAN Maps Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Applying a VLAN Map to a VLAN Using VLAN Maps in Your Network Wiring Closet Configuration Denying Access to a Server on Another VLAN Using VLAN Maps with Router ACLs VLAN Maps and Router ACL Configuration Guidelines Examples of Router ACLs and VLAN Maps Applied to VLANs ACLs and Switched Packets ACLs and Routed Packets 31-38 ACLs and Multicast Packets Displaying IPv4 ACL Configuration Page Configuring Control-Plane Security Understanding Control-Plane Security Page Page 32-4 Configuring Control-Plane Security Monitoring Control-Plane Security Configuring QoS Understanding QoS Page Modular QoS CLI Input and Output Policies Input Policy Maps Output Policy Maps Classification Class Maps The match Command Classification Based on Layer 2 CoS Classification Based on IP Precedence Classification Based on IP DSCP Classification Comparisons Classification Based on QoS ACLs Classification Based on QoS Groups Classification Based on VLAN IDs Page Table Maps Policing Individual Policing Aggregate Policing Page Unconditional Priority Policing Marking Marking and Queuing CPU-Generated Traffic Congestion Management and Scheduling Traffic Shaping Class-Based Shaping Port Shaping Parent-Child Hierarchy Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing Priority Queuing Page Congestion Avoidance and Queuing Page Page Configuring QoS Default QoS Configuration QoS Configuration Guidelines Using ACLs to Classify Traffic Creating IP Standard ACLs Page Creating IP Extended ACLs Creating Layer 2 MAC ACLs Using Class Maps to Define a Traffic Class Page Configuring Table Maps Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface Configuring Input Policy Maps Configuring Input Policy Maps with Individual Policing Page Page Page Configuring Input Policy Maps with Aggregate Policing Page Configuring Input Policy Maps with Marking Page Configuring Per-Port Per-VLAN QoS with Hierarchical Input Policy Maps Creating Child-Policy Class Maps Creating Parent-Policy Class Maps Creating Child Policy Maps Creating a Parent Policy Map Attaching a Parent Policy Map to an Interface 33-51 Configuring Output Policy Maps Page Configuring Output Policy Maps with Class-Based-Weighted-Queuing Configuring Output Policy Maps with Class-Based Shaping Page Configuring Output Policy Maps with Port Shaping Configuring Output Policy Maps with Class-Based Priority Queuing Configuring Priority Without Police Page Configuring Priority With Police Page Configuring Output Policy Maps with Weighted Tail Drop Page Page Displaying QoS Information QoS Statistics Configuration Examples for Policy Maps QoS Configuration for Customer A Page QoS Configuration for Customer B Modifying Output Policies and Adding or Deleting Classification Criteria Modifying Output Policies and Changing Queuing or Scheduling Parameters Modifying Output Policies and Adding or Deleting Configured Actions Modifying Output Policies and Adding or Deleting a Class 33-71 These steps shut down all active and applicable Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports: Note Problems can occur if you do not follow the previous sequence. These steps detach all output policies from the affected Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports: These steps reattach all policies to the Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports: Page Configuring EtherChannels and Link-State Tracking Understanding EtherChannels EtherChannel Overview Port-Channel Interfaces Port Aggregation Protocol PAgP Modes PAgP Interaction with Other Features Link Aggregation Control Protocol LACP Modes LACP Interaction with Other Features EtherChannel On Mode Load Balancing and Forwarding Methods Page Configuring EtherChannels Default EtherChannel Configuration EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines Configuring Layer 2 EtherChannels Page Page Configuring Layer 3 EtherChannels Creating Port-Channel Logical Interfaces Configuring the Physical Interfaces Page Configuring EtherChannel Load Balancing Configuring the PAgP Learn Method and Priority Configuring LACP Hot-Standby Ports Configuring the LACP System Priority Configuring the LACP Port Priority Displaying EtherChannel, PAgP, and LACP Status Understanding Link-State Tracking Service Provider POP Customer Site Configuring Link-State Tracking Default Link-State Tracking Configuration Link-State Tracking Configuration Guidelines Configuring Link-State Tracking Displaying Link-State Tracking Status Page Configuring IP Unicast Routing Understanding IP Routing Types of Routing Steps for Configuring Routing Configuring IP Addressing Default Addressing Configuration Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces Use of Subnet Zero Classless Routing Page Configuring Address Resolution Methods Define a Static ARP Cache Page Set ARP Encapsulation Enable Proxy ARP Routing Assistance When IP Routing is Disabled Proxy ARP Default Gateway ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) Page Configuring Broadcast Packet Handling Enabling Directed Broadcast-to-Physical Broadcast Translation Forwarding UDP Broadcast Packets and Protocols Establishing an IP Broadcast Address Flooding IP Broadcasts Monitoring and Maintaining IP Addressing Enabling IPv4 Unicast Routing Configuring RIP Default RIP Configuration Configuring Basic RIP Parameters Configuring RIP Authentication Configuring Summary Addresses and Split Horizon Configuring Split Horizon Configuring OSPF Default OSPF Configuration Configuring Basic OSPF Parameters Configuring OSPF Interfaces Configuring OSPF Network Types Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcast Networks Configuring Network Types for OSPF Interfaces Page Configuring OSPF Area Parameters Configuring Other OSPF Parameters Changing LSA Group Pacing Configuring a Loopback Interface Monitoring OSPF Configuring EIGRP Page Default EIGRP Configuration Configuring Basic EIGRP Parameters Configuring EIGRP Interfaces Configuring EIGRP Route Authentication Configuring EIGRP Stub Routing Page Monitoring and Maintaining EIGRP Configuring BGP Page Default BGP Configuration Page Page Enabling BGP Routing Page Managing Routing Policy Changes Configuring BGP Decision Attributes Page Configuring BGP Filtering with Route Maps Configuring BGP Filtering by Neighbor Configuring Prefix Lists for BGP Filtering Page Configuring BGP Community Filtering Configuring BGP Neighbors and Peer Groups Page Configuring Aggregate Addresses Configuring Routing Domain Confederations Configuring BGP Route Reflectors Configuring Route Dampening Monitoring and Maintaining BGP Configuring ISO CLNS Routing Configuring IS-IS Dynamic Routing Default IS-IS Configuration Enabling IS-IS Routing Configuring IS-IS Global Parameters Page Page Configuring IS-IS Interface Parameters Page Monitoring and Maintaining IS-IS Configuring Multi-VRF CE Understanding Multi-VRF CE Page Default Multi-VRF CE Configuration Multi-VRF CE Configuration Guidelines Configuring VRFs Configuring VRF-Aware Services User Interface for ARP User Interface for PING User Interface for SNMP User Interface for HSRP User Interface for uRPF User Interface for Syslog User Interface for Traceroute User Interface for FTP and TFTP Configuring a VPN Routing Session Configuring BGP PE to CE Routing Sessions 35-84 Multi-VRF CE Configuration Example Configuring Switch A On Switch A, enable routing and configure VRF. 35-85 Configure OSPF routing in VPN1 and VPN2. 35-86 Configure BGP for CE to PE routing. Configuring Switch D Switch D belongs to VPN 1. Configure the connection to Switch A by using these commands. Configuring Switch F Switch F belongs to VPN 2. Configure the connection to Switch A by using these commands. 35-87 Configuring the PE Switch B Displaying Multi-VRF CE Status Configuring Protocol-Independent Features Configuring Cisco Express Forwarding Page Configuring the Number of Equal-Cost Routing Paths Configuring Static Unicast Routes Specifying Default Routes and Networks Using Route Maps to Redistribute Routing Information Page Page Page Configuring Policy-Based Routing PBR Configuration Guidelines Enabling PBR Page Filtering Routing Information Setting Passive Interfaces Controlling Advertising and Processing in Routing Updates Filtering Sources of Routing Information Managing Authentication Keys Monitoring and Maintaining the IP Network Page Page Configuring HSRP Understanding HSRP Page HSRP Versions Multiple HSRP Configuring HSRP Default HSRP Configuration HSRP Configuration Guidelines Enabling HSRP Configuring HSRP Priority Page Page Configuring MHSRP Configuring HSRP Authentication and Timers Page Enabling HSRP Support for ICMP Redirect Messages Displaying HSRP Configurations Configuring Cisco IOS IP SLAs Operations Understanding Cisco IOS IP SLAs Page Using Cisco IOS IP SLAs to Measure Network Performance IP SLAs Responder and IP SLAs Control Protocol Response Time Computation for IP SLAs IP SLAs Operation Scheduling IP SLAs Operation Threshold Monitoring Configuring IP SLAs Operations Configuring the IP SLAs Responder Analyzing IP Service Levels by Using the UDP Jitter Operation Page Page Analyzing IP Service Levels by Using the ICMP Echo Operation Page Monitoring IP SLAs Operations Page Configuring Enhanced Object Tracking Understanding Enhanced Object Tracking Configuring Enhanced Object Tracking Features Tracking Interface Line-Protocol or IP Routing State Configuring a Tracked List Configuring a Tracked List with a Boolean Expression Configuring a Tracked List with a Weight Threshold Configuring a Tracked List with a Percentage Threshold Configuring HSRP Object Tracking Configuring Other Tracking Characteristics Configuring IP SLAs Object Tracking Page Configuring Static Routing Support Configuring a Primary Interface Configuring a Cisco IP SLAs Monitoring Agent and Track Object Configuring a Routing Policy and Default Route Monitoring Enhanced Object Tracking Page Configuring Ethernet OAM, CFM, and E-LMI Understanding Ethernet CFM CFM Domain Maintenance Points CFM Messages Crosscheck Function SNMP Traps IP SLAs Support for CFM Configuring Ethernet CFM Default Ethernet CFM Configuration Ethernet CFM Configuration Guidelines Preparing the Ethernet CFM Network Configuring Ethernet CFM Service Configuring Ethernet CFM Crosscheck Configuring IP SLAs CFM Operation Manually Configuring an IP SLAs CFM Probe or Jitter Operation Page Configuring an IP SLAs Operation with Endpoint Discovery Displaying Ethernet CFM Information Understanding the Ethernet OAM Protocol OAM Features OAM Messages Setting Up and Configuring Ethernet OAM Default Ethernet OAM Configuration Ethernet OAM Configuration Guidelines Enabling Ethernet OAM on an Interface Enabling Ethernet OAM Remote Loopback Configuring Ethernet OAM Link Monitoring Page Page Configuring Ethernet OAM Remote Failure Indications Configuring Ethernet OAM Templates Page Page Displaying Ethernet OAM Protocol Information Understanding E-LMI E-LMI Interaction with OAM Manager CFM Interaction with OAM Manager Configuring E-LMI Default E-LMI Configuration E-LMI and OAM Manager Configuration Guidelines Configuring the OAM Manager Page Enabling E-LMI Ethernet OAM Manager Configuration Example Provider-Edge Device Configuration Customer-Edge Device Configuration Displaying E-LMI and OAM Manager Information Ethernet CFM and Ethernet OAM Interaction Configuring Ethernet OAM Interaction with CFM Configuring the OAM Manager Enabling Ethernet OAM Ethernet OAM and CFM Configuration Example Page Page Configuring IP Multicast Routing Understanding Ciscos Implementation of IP Multicast Routing Understanding IGMP IGMP Version 1 IGMP Version 2 Understanding PIM PIM Versions PIM Modes PIM DM PIM SM PIM Stub Routing IGMP Helper Auto-RP Bootstrap Router Multicast Forwarding and Reverse Path Check Configuring IP Multicast Routing Default Multicast Routing Configuration Multicast Routing Configuration Guidelines PIMv1 and PIMv2 Interoperability Auto-RP and BSR Configuration Guidelines Configuring Basic Multicast Routing Page Configuring PIM Stub Routing PIM Stub Routing Configuration Guidelines Enabling PIM Stub Routing Configuring Source-Specific Multicast SSM Components Overview How SSM Differs from Internet Standard Multicast SSM IP Address Range SSM Operations IGMPv3 Host Signalling Legacy Applications Within the SSM Range Restrictions Address Management Restrictions IGMP Snooping and CGMP Limitations State Maintenance Limitations Configuring SSM Monitoring SSM Configuring Source Specific Multicast Mapping SSM Mapping Overview Static SSM Mapping DNS-Based SSM Mapping Configuring SSM Mapping Configuring Static SSM Mapping Configuring DNS-Based SSM Mapping Configuring Static Traffic Forwarding with SSM Mapping Monitoring SSM Mapping Configuring a Rendezvous Point Manually Assigning an RP to Multicast Groups Page Configuring Auto-RP Setting up Auto-RP in a New Internetwork Adding Auto-RP to an Existing Sparse-Mode Cloud Page Preventing Join Messages to False RPs Filtering Incoming RP Announcement Messages Configuring PIMv2 BSR Defining the PIM Domain Border Defining the IP Multicast Boundary Configuring Candidate BSRs Configuring Candidate RPs Using Auto-RP and a BSR Monitoring the RP Mapping Information Troubleshooting PIMv1 and PIMv2 Interoperability Problems Configuring Advanced PIM Features Understanding PIM Shared Tree and Source Tree Page Delaying the Use of PIM Shortest-Path Tree Modifying the PIM Router-Query Message Interval Configuring Optional IGMP Features Default IGMP Configuration Configuring the Switch as a Member of a Group Controlling Access to IP Multicast Groups Changing the IGMP Version Modifying the IGMP Host-Query Message Interval Changing the IGMP Query Timeout for IGMPv2 Changing the Maximum Query Response Time for IGMPv2 Configuring the Switch as a Statically Connected Member Configuring Optional Multicast Routing Features Configuring sdr Listener Support Enabling sdr Listener Support Limiting How Long an sdr Cache Entry Exists Configuring an IP Multicast Boundary Page Monitoring and Maintaining IP Multicast Routing Clearing Caches, Tables, and Databases Displaying System and Network Statistics Monitoring IP Multicast Routing Page Configuring MSDP Understanding MSDP MSDP Operation MSDP Benefits Configuring MSDP Default MSDP Configuration Configuring a Default MSDP Peer Page Caching Source-Active State Page Requesting Source Information from an MSDP Peer Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Originates Redistributing Sources Filtering Source-Active Request Messages Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Forwards Using a Filter Using TTL to Limit the Multicast Data Sent in SA Messages Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Receives Page Configuring an MSDP Mesh Group Shutting Down an MSDP Peer Including a Bordering PIM Dense-Mode Region in MSDP Configuring an Originating Address other than the RP Address Monitoring and Maintaining MSDP Troubleshooting Recovering from Corrupted Software By Using the Xmodem Protocol Recovering from a Lost or Forgotten Password Page Procedure with Password Recovery Enabled Procedure with Password Recovery Disabled Page Preventing Autonegotiation Mismatches SFP Module Security and Identification Monitoring SFP Module Status Monitoring Temperature Using Ping Understanding Ping Using Ping All Software Versions Metro IP Access Image IP Routing and SVI IP Routing and Routed Port Ping Responses Summary Using Layer 2 Traceroute Understanding Layer 2 Traceroute Layer 2 Traceroute Usage Guidelines Displaying the Physical Path Using IP Traceroute Understanding IP Traceroute Executing IP Traceroute Using TDR Understanding TDR Running TDR and Displaying the Results Using Debug Commands Enabling Debugging on a Specific Feature Enabling All-System Diagnostics Redirecting Debug and Error Message Output Using the show platform forward Command 42-20 Using the crashinfo File Page A Supported MIBs MIB List Page Using FTP to Access the MIB Files Page B Working with the Cisco IOS File System, Configuration Files, and Software Images Working with the Flash File System Displaying Available File Systems Setting the Default File System Displaying Information about Files on a File System Changing Directories and Displaying the Working Directory Creating and Removing Directories Copying Files Deleting Files Creating, Displaying, and Extracting tar Files Creating a tar File Displaying the Contents of a tar File Extracting a tar File Displaying the Contents of a File Working with Configuration Files Guidelines for Creating and Using Configuration Files Configuration File Types and Location Creating a Configuration File By Using a Text Editor Copying Configuration Files By Using TFTP Preparing to Download or Upload a Configuration File By Using TFTP Downloading the Configuration File By Using TFTP Uploading the Configuration File By Using TFTP Copying Configuration Files By Using FTP Preparing to Download or Upload a Configuration File By Using FTP Downloading a Configuration File By Using FTP Uploading a Configuration File By Using FTP Copying Configuration Files By Using RCP Preparing to Download or Upload a Configuration File By Using RCP Downloading a Configuration File By Using RCP Uploading a Configuration File By Using RCP Clearing Configuration Information Clearing the Startup Configuration File Deleting a Stored Configuration File Replacing and Rolling Back Configurations Understanding Configuration Replacement and Rollback Archiving a Configuration Replacing a Configuration Rolling Back a Configuration Configuring the Configuration Archive Performing a Configuration Replacement or Rollback Operation Working with Software Images Image Location on the Switch tar File Format of Images on a Server or Cisco.com Copying Image Files By Using TFTP Preparing to Download or Upload an Image File By Using TFTP Downloading an Image File By Using TFTP Page Uploading an Image File By Using TFTP Copying Image Files By Using FTP Preparing to Download or Upload an Image File By Using FTP Downloading an Image File By Using FTP Uploading an Image File By Using FTP Copying Image Files By Using RCP Preparing to Download or Upload an Image File By Using RCP Downloading an Image File By Using RCP Page Uploading an Image File By Using RCP Page C Unsupported Commands in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(46)SE Access Control Lists ARP Commands Boot Loader Commands Debug Commands Embedded Event Manager Unsupported Commands in Applet Configuration Mode HSRP IEEE 802.1x Unsupported Global Configuration Command IGMP Snooping Commands Interface Commands IP Multicast Routing IP Unicast Routing Unsupported Privileged EXEC or User EXEC Commands Page Unsupported BGP Router Configuration Commands Unsupported VPN Configuration Commands Unsupported Route Map Commands MAC Address Miscellaneous Unsupported User EXEC Commands Unsupported show platform Commands MSDP NetFlow QoS RADIUS SNMP Spanning Tree VLAN INDEX A Page B Page C Page Page D Page Page Page E Page F G H I Page Page Page Page Page J K L M Page Page Page Page N O P Page Page Page Q Page R Page Page S Page Page Page Page Page T Page U V Page W X

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