ROASTING

(continued)

Questions and Answers

Q. Is it necessary to check for doneness with a meat thermometer?

A. Checking the finished internal temperature at the completion of cooking time is recommended. Temperatures are shown in the Roasting Guide. For roasts over 8 pounds, check with thermometer at half- hour intervals after half the cooking time has passed.

Q. Why is my roast crumbling when I try to carve it?

A. Roasts are easier to slice if allowed to cool 10 to 20 minutes after removing them from the oven. Be sure to cut across the grain of the meat.

Q. Do I need to preheat my oven each time I cook a roast or poultry?

A. It is not necessary to preheat your oven.

Q. When buying a roast, are there any special tips that would help me cook it more evenly?

A. Yes. Buy a roast as even in thickness as possible, or buy rolled roasts.

Q. Can I seal the sides of my foil "tent" when roasting a turkey?

A. Sealing the foil will steam the meat. Leaving it unsealed allows the air to circulate and brown the meat.

ROASTING GUIDE

Frozen Roasts

Frozen roasts of beef, pork, lamb, etc., can be started without thawing, but allow 10 to 25 minutes per pound additional time (10 minutes per pound for roasts under 5 pounds, more time for larger roasts).

Make sure poultry is thawed before roasting. Unthawed poultry often does not cook evenly. Some commercial frozen poultry can be cooked successfully without thawing. Follow the directions given on the package label.

Type

Meat

Tender cuts; rib, high quality sirloin tip, rump or top round*

Lamb leg or bone-in shoulder*

Veal shoulder, leg or loin* Pork loin, rib or shoulder* Ham, precooked

Poultry

Chicken or Duck

Oven

Doneness

Temperature

3250

Rare:

 

Medium:

325o

Well Done:

Rare:

 

Medium:

325o

Well Done:

Well Done:

325o

Well Done:

325o

To Warm:

325o

Well Done:

Approximate

Roasting Time

in Minutes

per Pound

3 to 5 lbs.

6 to 8 lbs.

24-33

18-22

35-39

22-29

40-45

30-35

21-25

20-23

25-30

24-28

30-35

28-33

3545

3040

35--45

30-40

17-20 minutes per pound (any weight)

3 to 5 lbs.

Over 5 lbs.

3540

30-35

Internal

Temperature °E

140°±

1600

1700

140°t

1600

1700

1700

1700

1400

In breast 1700

In thigh

180°

 

 

 

 

10 to 15 lbs.

Over

15 lbs.

In thigh:

Turkey

 

325o

Well Done:

18-25

15-20

 

185°-1900

 

 

 

 

3 to 3½ lbs.

5'/2to

9 lbs.

 

Turkey

Breast

325°

Well Done:

30-40

15.22

 

170o

*For boneless rolled roasts over 6 inches thick, add 5 to 10 minutes per pound to times given above.

tThe U. S. Department of Agriculture says "Rare beef is popular, but you should know that cooking it to only 140°E means some food poisoning organisms may survive." (Source: Sate Food Book. Your Kitchen Guide. USDA Rev. June 1985.)

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GE JTP13, JTP14 warranty Roasting Guide, Questions and Answers, Frozen Roasts

JTP14, JTP13 specifications

The GE JTP13 and JTP14 engines represent significant advancements in the field of gas turbine technology, primarily used in commercial jet applications. Both models are known for their robust performance, reliability, and efficiency, making them popular choices among aircraft manufacturers and operators.

The GE JTP13 engine is a turbojet engine that gained prominence for its lightweight design and high thrust-to-weight ratio. It features a single spool, axial-flow configuration that maximizes efficiency and minimizes drag. One of the standout characteristics of the JTP13 is its advanced aerodynamics, which has been optimized through extensive computational fluid dynamics modeling. This results in enhanced performance across a wide range of flight conditions.

Technology-wise, the JTP13 incorporates a dual-combustor system that improves fuel combustion efficiency. This feature not only enhances thrust output but also reduces emissions, aligning with modern environmental standards. Additionally, the engine's materials are chosen for high durability, ensuring longevity and lower maintenance costs. The JTP13's simplicity in design facilitates ease of maintenance, a crucial aspect for operators aiming to minimize downtime.

Meanwhile, the GE JTP14 engine builds upon the advancements made in the JTP13, offering several upgraded features. One of its key characteristics is the increased thrust capability, catering to larger airframes and higher payload requirements. The JTP14 retains a single-spool design but introduces innovations in blade cooling technology, enabling the engine to operate efficiently at higher temperatures, thus further improving its thermal efficiency.

The JTP14 also employs advanced digital engine control systems, enhancing overall performance management and fuel efficiency. These systems allow real-time adjustments based on changing flight conditions, providing operators with a responsive engine that can adapt to various demands. The engine's noise reduction technologies further contribute to its appeal, making it a quieter option for both passengers and the surrounding environment.

In summary, the GE JTP13 and JTP14 engines exemplify cutting-edge engineering in the aviation industry. Their design characteristics, coupled with advanced technologies, pave the way for operational efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced performance, securing their place in the future of commercial jet propulsion.