104 David Busch’s Nikon D7000 Guide to Digital SLR Photography

WHY THE GRAY CARD CONFUSION?

Why are so many photographers under the impression that cameras and meters are cali- brated to the 18-percent “standard,” rather than the true value, which may be 12 to 14 percent, depending on the vendor? You’ll find this misinformation in an alarming num- ber of places. I’ve seen the 18-percent “myth” taught in camera classes; I’ve found it in books, and even been given this wrong information from the technical staff of camera vendors. (They should know better—the same vendors’ engineers who design and cali- brate the cameras have the right figure.)

The most common explanation is that during a revision of Kodak’s instructions for its gray cards in the 1970s, the advice to open up an extra half stop was omitted, and a whole generation of shooters grew up thinking that a measurement off a gray card could be used as-is. The proviso returned to the instructions by 1987, it’s said, but by then it was too late. Next to me is a (c)2006 version of the instructions for KODAK Gray Cards, Publication R-27Q, and the current directions read (with a bit of paraphrasing from me in italics):

For subjects of normal reflectance increase the indicated exposure by 1/2 stop.

For light subjects use the indicated exposure; for very light subjects, decrease the exposure by 1/2 stop. (That is, you’re measuring a cat that’s lighter than middle gray.)

If the subject is dark to very dark, increase the indicated exposure by 1 to 1-1/2 stops. (You’re shooting a black cat.)

MODES, MODES, AND MORE MODES

Call them modes or methods, the Nikon D7000 seems to have a lot of different sets of options that are described using similar terms. Here’s how to sort them out:

Metering method. These modes determine the parts of the image within the 1,005- segment sensor array that are examined in order to calculate exposure. The D7000 may look at many different points within the image, segregating them by zone (Matrix metering), examine the same number of points, but give greater weight to those located in the middle of the frame (Center-weighted metering), or evaluate only a limited number of points in a limited area (Spot metering).

Exposure method. These modes determine which settings are used to expose the image. The D7000 may adjust the shutter speed, the aperture, or both, depending on the method you choose.

Page 129
Image 129
Nikon D7000 manual WHY the Gray Card CONFUSION?, MODES, MODES, and More Modes

D7000 specifications

The Nikon D7000 is a mid-range digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera that has garnered a reputation for its impressive blend of features and user-friendly design. Released in 2010, the D7000 marked a significant step forward for Nikon, appealing to both amateur photographers and enthusiasts seeking a robust and versatile camera.

At the heart of the D7000 is a 16.2-megapixel APS-C (DX) CMOS sensor that delivers sharp, high-resolution images with rich colors and stunning detail. Coupled with Nikon's EXPEED 2 image processing engine, the camera excels in low-light performance, allowing photographers to shoot at sensitivities ranging from ISO 100 to ISO 6400, expandable to ISO 25600. This flexibility empowers users to capture clean images even in challenging lighting situations.

The autofocus system of the D7000 is another highlight, featuring a 39-point AF system with nine cross-type sensors. This advanced system ensures fast and accurate focus, making it suitable for a variety of shooting scenarios, from portraits to fast-action sports photography. The camera also includes full HD video recording capabilities at 1080p, with options for frame rates of 24, 25, and 30 frames per second, providing videographers with quality and flexibility.

The D7000's build quality is robust, with a magnesium alloy body designed to withstand the rigors of regular use. It is weather-sealed to protect against dust and moisture, making it a reliable choice for outdoor shooting. The camera features a 3-inch LCD screen with a resolution of 921,000 dots, allowing for high-clarity image review and menu navigation. The 100% viewfinder coverage gives a true-to-life perspective when composing shots.

Additional features include in-camera HDR, multiple exposure capabilities, and a comprehensive set of scene modes that assist users in achieving the best results in various conditions. The D7000 is also equipped with dual memory card slots, supporting both SD and SDHC formats for ample storage and backup options.

With its combination of high-quality imaging, advanced autofocus, robust build, and versatile features, the Nikon D7000 stands out as a powerful tool for photographers looking to elevate their craft.