Planet Technology WGSW-2402A, WGSW-404 - page 92

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The RIP protocol is the most widely used routing protocol. The RIP protocol uses a distance

vector-based approach to routing. Routes are determined on the basis of minimizing the distance

vector, or hop count, which serves as a rough estimate of transmission cost. Each router broadcasts its

advertisement every 30 seconds, together with any updates to its routing table. This allows all routers

on the network to learn consistent tables of next hop links which lead to relevant subnets. Just as Layer

2 switches use the Spanning Tree Algorithm to prevent loops, routers also use methods for preventing

loops that would cause endless retransmission of data traffic. RIP utilizes the following three methods

to prevent loops from occurring:

 Split horizon— never propagate routes back to an interface port from which they have been

acquired.

 Poison reverse— propagate routes back to an interface port from which they have been acquired,

but set the distance vector metrics to infinity. (This provides faster convergence.)

 Triggered updates— whenever a route gets changed, broadcast an update message after waiting

for a short random delay, but without waiting for the periodic cycle.

RIP-2 is a compatible upgrade to RIP. RIP-2 adds useful capabilities for plain text authentication,

multiple independent RIP domains, variable length subnet masks, and multicast transmissions for route

advertising (RFC 1388).

There are several serious problems with RIP that you should consider before deciding which routing

protocol to use for your network. First of all, RIP (version 1) has no knowledge of subnets, both RIP

versions can take a long time to converge on a new route after the failure of a link or router during

which time routing loops may occur, and its small hop count limitation of 15 restricts its use to smaller

networks. Moreover, RIP (version 1) wastes valuable network bandwidth by propagating routing

information via broadcasts, nor does it consider enough network variables to make the best routing

decision.

Note: Before you can define a VLAN’s IP settings, you must first create a VLAN as described under

“Creating a New VLAN”.

Contents

Main Intelligent Gigabit Ethernet Stackable / Routing Switch 24 10/100 Mbps Ports + 2 modules slot WGSW-2402A 4-port Gigabit Ethernet + 4-slot WGSW-404 Page Table of Contents Page Page Page Page Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Package Contents 1.2 Features 1.3 Specification 1.4 How to Use this Manual Page CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION 2.1 WGSW-2402A Hardware Description 2.1.1 Front Panel of WGSW-2402A FIGURE 2-1 FRONT PANEL TABLE 2-1 PORT FUNCTION 2.1.2 LEDs of WGSW-2402A FIGURE 2-2 LEDS PANEL TABLE 2-2 POWER AND STATUS LEDS TABLE 2-3 PORT STATUS LEDS 2.1.3 Rear Panel of WGSW-2402A 2.2 WGSW-404 Hardware Description 2.2.1 Front Panel of WGSW-404 FIGURE 2-4 FRONT PANEL OF WGSW-404 TABLE 2-5 PORT FUNCTION 2.2.2 LEDs of WGSW-404 TABLE 2-6 POWER AND STATUS LEDS TABLE 2-7 PORT STATUS LEDS 2.2.3 Rear Panel of WGSW-404 FIGURE 2-5 REAR PANEL OF WGSW-404 2.3 Module Hardware Description 2.3.1 Gigabit Expansion Module FIGURE 2-6 GIGABIT EXPANSION MODULE TABLE 2-9 WGSW-C1GT/SX STATUS LEDS TABLE 2-10 WGSW-C1SX STATUS LEDS 2.3.2 100Base-FX Expansion Module FIGURE 2-7 100BASE-FX EXPANSION MODULE TABLE 2-11 100BASE-FX MODULE STATUS LEDS 2.4 Installing the Switch 2.4.1 Pre-Installation Considerations 2.4.2 Desktop or Shelf Mounting 2.4.3 Rack-Mounting FIGURE 2-8 LOCATING A MOUNTING BRACKET CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURATION 3.1 Management Access Overview TABLE 3-1 COMPARISONS OF THREE MANAGEMENT METHODS 3.1.1 Administration Console 3.1.2 Direct Access 3.1.3 Modem Port Access 3.2 Web Management 3.3 SNMP-Based Network Management 3.4 Protocols 3.4.1 Virtual Terminal Protocols 3.4.2 SNMP Protocol 3.4.3 Management Architecture Chapter 4 Menu-Driven Console Management 4.1 Logging on to the Switch Note: FIGURE 4-1 SWITCH MANAGEMENT SCREEN 4.2 Navigating Through the Console Interface TABLE 4-1 NAVIGATING THROUGH THE CONSOLE INTERFACE 4.3 Performing Basic Management Activities FIGURE 4-2 BASIC MANAGEMENT SCREEN 4.3.1 General Management Configuration FIGURE 4-3 GENERAL SCREEN FIGURE 4-4 ENTER SYSTEM NAME FIGURE 4-5 ENTER CONTACT AND LOCATION FIGURE 4-6 ENTER OLD PASSWORD FIGURE 4-7 ENTER NEW PASSWORD FIGURE 4-8 REENTER NEW PASSWORD FIGURE 4-9 ENTER NEW PASSWORD FIGURE 4-10 STATISTICS COLLECTION OPTIONS FIGURE 4-11 FIGURE 4-12 REMOTE TELNET LOGIN OPTIONS FIGURE 4-13 REMOTE HTTP LOGIN OPTIONS 4.3.2 LAN Port Configuration FIGURE 4-14 LAN PORT CONFIGURATIONS SCREEN Page FIGURE 4-17 SPEED & FLOW CONTROL OPTIONS FIGURE 4-18 FLOW CONTROL FIGURE 4-19 Figure 4-20 4.3.3 Console Port Configuration FIGURE 4-21 CONSOLE PORT CONFIGURATIONS SCREEN FIGURE 4-22 FIGURE 4-23 FIGURE 4-24 FIGURE 4-25 FIGURE 4-26 FIGURE 4-27 FIGURE 4-28 FIGURE 4-28 Chapter 5 Performing Advanced Management Activities FIGURE 5-1 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT SCREEN 5.1 Switching Database Configuration FIGURE 5-2 L2 SWITCHING DATABASE SCREEN 5.2 VLAN & PVID Perspective 5.2.1 Default VLAN 5.2.2 Obtaining a VLAN Perspective FIGURE 5-3 VLAN PERSPECTIVE SCREEN Page FIGURE 5-6 FIGURE 5-7 Page Page FIGURE 5-12 FIGURE 5-13 FIGURE 5-14 FIGURE 5-15 Page FIGURE 5-18 FIGURE 5-19 Page FIGURE 5-22 FIGURE 5-23 5.2.3 Configuring PVID Page FIGURE 5-26 5.3 IP Multicast Group Perspective Page FIGURE 5-27 Page 5.4 MAC Address Perspective FIGURE 5-30 FIGURE 5-31 5.5 Port Perspective 5.5.1 Per Port VLAN Activities Page 5.5.2 Scrolling Through MAC Addresses FIGURE 5-35 5.5.3 Hiding or Displaying the Port Column FIGURE 5-36 5.5.4 Per Port Statistics Page Page 5.5.5 Per Port Mac Limit FIGURE 5-43 5.5.6 Returning to the Advanced Management Screen 5.6 IP Networking FIGURE 5-44 IP NETWORKING SCREEN 5.6.1 IP and RIP Settings Page FIGURE 5-45 FIGURE 5-46 5.6.2 ARP Table Setting FIGURE 5-47 FIGURE 5-48 FIGURE 5-49 FIGURE 5-50 FIGURE 5-51 FIGURE 5-52 5.6.3 Routing Table FIGURE 5-53 TABLE 5-1. ROUTING TABLE COLUMNS FIGURE 5-54 Page FIGURE 5-57 5.6.4 DHCP Gateway Settings FIGURE 5-58 Page Page Page FIGURE 5-65 5.6.5 Ping Settings Page FIGURE 5-68 Page 5.7 Bridging FIGURE 5-71 Page Page 5.8 Static Filtering FIGURE 5-76 5.8.1 Source MAC Address and Destination MAC Address Out-Filters Page 5.8.2 MAC Address In-Filters FIGURE 5-79 FIGURE 5-80 5.9 Spanning Tree Functions FIGURE 5-81 SPANNI NG TREE PROTOCOL SCREEN 5.9.1 Spanning Tree Protocol Configurations Page FIGURE 5-84 FIGURE 5-85 FIGURE 5-86 FIGURE 5-87 5.9.2 Spanning Tree Port States Page 5.9.3 Spanning Tree Path Costs Page 5.9.4 Spanning Tree Port Priorities FIGURE 5-92 FIGURE 5-93 5.10 SNMP Functions FIGURE 5-94 Page FIGURE 5-97 FIGURE 5-98 FIGURE 5-99 Page FIGURE 5-102 Page FIGURE 5-105 Page 5.11 Stacking FIGURE 5-105 STACKING SCREEN 5.11.1 Stacking Basic Setting FIGURE 5-105 STACKING BASIC SETTING Page Page Page FIGURE 5-112 5.11.2 Stack IP Setting Page Page 5.11.3 Stack Port Mapping FIGURE 5-117 5.12 Other Protocols FIGURE 5-118 OTHER PROTOCOL SETTINGS SCREEN Page 5.13 Port Trunking FIGURE 5-121 PORT TRUNKING Page Page 5.14 Port Mirroring FIGURE 5-126 PORT MIRRORING SCREEN Page FIGURE 5-129 Page 5.15 Setting Quality of Service Parameters 5.15.1 Basic concept TABLE 5- 2 GIGABIT PORT QOS CLASS TABLE 5- 3 MEGABIT PORT QOS CLASS TABLE 5- 4 QOS PROFILE Page Page TABLE 5-5 WRED DROPPING SCHEME TABLE 5-6 MAPPING BETWEEN THE SWITCH AND IETF DIFFSERV CLASSES 5.15.2 Configure QoS parameter FIGURE 5-132 FIGURE 5-133 Page FIGURE 5-136 Page Page FIGURE 5-141 FIGURE 5-142 5.15.2.2.1 User-Defined Port Page Page FIGURE 5-147 FIGURE 5-148 5.15.2.2.2 Well-Known Port Page Page FIGURE 5-152 Page Page Page Page FIGURE 5-159 Page 5.15.2.5.1 Megabit Profile FIGURE 5-162 Page FIGURE 5-165 FIGURE 5-166 Page FIGURE 5-168 FIGURE 5-169 Page FIGURE 5-172 Page FIGURE 5-175 Page FIGURE 5-178 5.16 Sending and Receiving Files FIGURE 5-179 5.16.1 Receiving Files via TFTP FIGURE 5-180 FIGURE 5-181 5.16.2 Sending Files via TFTP Page FIGURE 5-184 5.16.3 Receiving Files via Kermit FIGURE 5-185 5.16.4 Sending Files via Kermit Page Page Chapter 6 Web-Based Browser Management 6.1 Logging on to the Switch FIGURE 6-1 PASSWORD INFORMATION WINDOW FIGURE 6-2 BASIC SETUP/GENERAL PARAMETERS 6.2 Understanding the Browser Interface FIGURE 6-3 CLOSE-UP OF THE SWITCH BROWSER INTERFACE 6.3 Performing File Activities FIGURE 6-4 FILE OPTIONS 6.3.1 Receiving Files via TFTP FIGURE 6-5 RECEIVE FILE VIA TFTP WINDOW 6.4 Performing Basic Setup Activities FIGURE 6-6 BASIC SETUP OPTIONS 6.4.1 General Management Configuration FIGURE 6-7 BASIC SETUP/GENERAL PARAMETERS 6.4.2 Configuring LAN Ports FIGURE 6-8 LAN PORT OPTIONS FIGURE 6-9 EXAMPLE OF VIEWING SPEED & FLOW CONTROL FIGURE 6-10 EXAMPLE OF CHANGING PORT CONFIGURATION FIGURE 6-11 PORT CONFIGURATION WINDOW FIGURE 6-12 FIGURE 6-13 FIGURE 6-14 6.4.3 Console Port Configuration FIGURE 6-15 FIGURE 6-16 FIGURE 6-17 FIGURE 6-18 FIGURE 6-19 FIGURE 6-20 Chapter 7 Performing Advanced Setup Activities FIGURE 7-1 ADVANCED SETUP OPTIONS 7.1 MAC Address Management FIGURE 7-2 MAC ADDRESS MANAGEMENT OPTIONS 7.1.1 Per VLAN View FIGURE 7-3 FIGURE 7-4 7.1.2 Per Port View FIGURE 7-5 FIGURE 7-6 7.1.3 Individual MAC View FIGURE 7-7 FIGURE 7-8 7.2 IP Networking FIGURE 7-9 IP NETWORKING OPTIONS 7.2.1 IP and RIP Settings FIGURE 7-10 FIGURE 7-11 Page Page 7.2.2 Default Gateway Settings FIGURE 7-12 7.2.3 ARP Table Settings FIGURE 7-13 7.2.4 DHCP Gateway Settings FIGURE 7-14 FIGURE 7-15 7.3 Per Port Statistics FIGURE 7-16 LIST OF PORTS FIGURE 7-17 7.4 Bridging FIGURE 7-18 BRIDGING PARAMETERS 7.5 Static MAC Filters FIGURE 7-19 STATIC MAC FILTER OPTIONS 7.5.1 Adding Source MAC Address Out-Filters FIGURE 7-20 FIGURE 7-21 FIGURE 7-22 7.5.2 Deleting Source MAC Address Out-Filters FIGURE 7-23 FIGURE 7-24 7.5.3 Adding Destination MAC Address Out-Filters FIGURE 7-25 FIGURE 7-26 7.5.4 Deleting Destination MAC Address Out-Filters FIGURE 7-27 FIGURE 7-28 7.6 IP Multicast Group FIG 7-29 FIG 7-30 FIG 7-31 7.7 VLAN & PVID Perspective FIGURE 7-32 VLAN OPTIONS 7.7.1 VLAN Configuration FIGURE 7-33 FIGURE 7-34 FIGURE 7-35 FIGURE 7-36 FIGURE 7-37 FIGURE 7-38 FIGURE 7-39 FIGURE 7-40 FIGURE 7-41 FIGURE 7-42 7.7.2 PVID Setting FIGURE 7-43 FIGURE 7-44 7.8 Spanning Tree Perspective FIGURE 7-45 SPANNING TREE PERSPECTIVE OPTIONS 7.8.1 Configurations FIGURE 7-46 7.8.2 Port Setting FIGURE 7-47 FIGURE 7-48 7.9 Viewing and/or Changing SNMP Parameters FIGURE 7-49 SNMP CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS Page 7.10 Configuring GVRP and IGMP FIGURE 7-50 OTHER PROTOCOLS WINDOW 7.11 Port Trunking FIGURE 7-51 FIGURE 7-52 FIGURE 7-53 FIGURE 7-54 7.12 Port Mirroring FIGURE 7-55 PORT MIRRORING INFORMATION FIGURE 7-56 FIGURE 7-57 FIGURE 7-58 FIGURE 7-59 FIGURE 7-60 7.13 Selecting Stacking Settings FIGURE 7-61 Chapter 8 SNMP and RMON Management 8.1 Overview 8.2 SNMP Agent and MIB-2 (RFC1213) 8.3 RMON MIB (RFC 1757) and Bridge MIB (RFC 1493) 8.3.1 RMON Groups Supported 8.3.2 Bridge Groups Supported 8.4 PLANET Private MIB Appendix A Cable Specifications FIG A-2 DIAGRAM OF STRAIGHT THROUGH CABLES FIG A-3 DIAGRAM OF CROSSOVER CABLES DIAGRAM Appendix B Example of Stacking Switches Note: Please use the Stack Port Mapping menu to check all the Switches are Page Appendix C VLAN C.1 Assigning Ports to VLANs C.1.1 VLAN Classification C.1.2 Port Overlapping C.1.3 Port-based VLANs C.1.4 Automatic VLAN Registration (GVRP) C.2 Forwarding Tagged/Untagged Frames FIGURE C-1 VLAN SAMPLE APPLICATION C.3 Connecting VLAN Groups FIGURE C.2 VLANS CONNECTED VIA IP ROUTING Appendix D VLAN Overlapping TABLE D -1 PVID AND VLAN CONFIGURATION FIG D-1 VLAN GROUP FIG D-2 VLAN 100 MEMBER PORT FIG D-3 VLAN 200 MEMBER PORT FIG D-4 VLAN 300 MEMBER PORT FIG D-5 PVID CONFIGURATION Appendix E Console Port Pin Assignment E.1 DB9 Port Pin Assignments