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Chapter Regulatory Issues
How to
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Contents
Fire Alarm Audio Applications Guide
Page
Copyrights and Trademarks
Page
Table of Contents
Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems
Glossary of Terms
Related Publications
Chapter Speech Intelligibility Overview
Speech Intelligibility Importance Designing for
Chapter Background Information
Topic See Page #
Equation 2-1. The Decibel
Equation 2-3. Power Relationships
Basic Audio Math
Equation 2-2. Ohm’s Law
Equation 2-5. dB and Sound Pressure Levels
Equation 2-6. Adding Decibels
Sound and Hearing
Robinson and Dadson Equal Loudness Curves
Nature of Speech
Speech Pattern that Illustrates Modulations
Room Acoustics
Sabine Equation, used when α
Eyring Equation, used when α
Areas with high ceilings, specify a more directional speaker
Speaker Basics
Equation 2-8. The Inverse Square Law
SPL = Sensitivity + 20 log
Equation 2-9. On-Axis SPL Calculation
Equation 2-10. Directivity Factor Q for a Conical Source
6dB/division
87dB
51º
104
Critical Polar Angle Calculations
Equation 2-11. Coverage Area Calculations
Listener Height = 1.5 Meters Ceiling Coverage Diameter
2x Edge-to-Edge
Layout Pattern Selection Guide
SPL Variation by Layout Pattern
Minimum Overlap
Distributed Wall Mounted Systems
Wall Mounted Speakers In Meters Room Coverage Width
Width
Opposite Speaker
Edge-edge Minimum-Overlap Full-Overlap
Chapter Speech Intelligibility
Influences on Intelligibility
Frequency of Speech Contribution to Intelligibility
Degradation of CIS vs. Signal-to-Noise Ratio
No Noise With Added Noise
Background Noise Reverberation
Distortion
ALcons
Measures of Intelligibility
Correlation of CIS and with STI and %ALcons
STI method with faster measurement times
Practical Measurement of Intelligibility
STI-CIS Analyzer Talkbox
Tools for Predicting Intelligibility
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Chapter Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems
Typical Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications System
Advantages
Parts of an Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications System
Class a and B Speaker Circuit Wiring
Chapter Regulatory Issues
Audibility
From Nfpa 72, 2002 Edition
High Background Noise Large Areas
Intelligibility
Intelligibility Certification
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Chapter Speaker System Design Method
Speaker Design Method
Determine the speaker-to-listener distance D2
Recommendations for Maximizing System Intelligibility
Applying the Methods
ITool Office Space Example
Office Space Speaker Location Guide
Corridor Design Example
Corridor Speaker Location Guide
Corridor SPL Distribution
ITool Gymnasium Example
10. Gymnasium Speaker Location Guide
13. Lobby Example
15. Lobby Layout
Applying the Methods
Conclusion
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Chapter Glossary of Terms
Glossary
Glossary
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Index
IN-2
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579-769 Rev. C
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