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Chapter Regulatory Issues
How to
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Contents
Fire Alarm Audio Applications Guide
Page
Copyrights and Trademarks
Page
Table of Contents
Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems
Glossary of Terms
Related Publications
Chapter Speech Intelligibility Overview
Speech Intelligibility Importance Designing for
Topic See Page #
Chapter Background Information
Basic Audio Math
Equation 2-3. Power Relationships
Equation 2-1. The Decibel
Equation 2-2. Ohm’s Law
Equation 2-6. Adding Decibels
Equation 2-5. dB and Sound Pressure Levels
Robinson and Dadson Equal Loudness Curves
Sound and Hearing
Speech Pattern that Illustrates Modulations
Nature of Speech
Room Acoustics
Eyring Equation, used when α
Sabine Equation, used when α
Areas with high ceilings, specify a more directional speaker
Equation 2-8. The Inverse Square Law
Speaker Basics
Equation 2-9. On-Axis SPL Calculation
SPL = Sensitivity + 20 log
6dB/division
87dB
Equation 2-10. Directivity Factor Q for a Conical Source
51º
Critical Polar Angle Calculations
104
Listener Height = 1.5 Meters Ceiling Coverage Diameter
Equation 2-11. Coverage Area Calculations
SPL Variation by Layout Pattern
Layout Pattern Selection Guide
2x Edge-to-Edge
Minimum Overlap
Distributed Wall Mounted Systems
Width
Opposite Speaker
Wall Mounted Speakers In Meters Room Coverage Width
Edge-edge Minimum-Overlap Full-Overlap
Chapter Speech Intelligibility
Frequency of Speech Contribution to Intelligibility
Influences on Intelligibility
No Noise With Added Noise
Degradation of CIS vs. Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Background Noise Reverberation
Distortion
Measures of Intelligibility
Correlation of CIS and with STI and %ALcons
ALcons
STI method with faster measurement times
STI-CIS Analyzer Talkbox
Practical Measurement of Intelligibility
Tools for Predicting Intelligibility
Page
Chapter Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems
Advantages
Typical Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications System
Parts of an Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications System
Class a and B Speaker Circuit Wiring
Chapter Regulatory Issues
From Nfpa 72, 2002 Edition
Audibility
High Background Noise Large Areas
Intelligibility
Intelligibility Certification
Page
Chapter Speaker System Design Method
Determine the speaker-to-listener distance D2
Speaker Design Method
Recommendations for Maximizing System Intelligibility
ITool Office Space Example
Applying the Methods
Office Space Speaker Location Guide
Corridor Design Example
Corridor SPL Distribution
Corridor Speaker Location Guide
ITool Gymnasium Example
10. Gymnasium Speaker Location Guide
13. Lobby Example
15. Lobby Layout
Applying the Methods
Conclusion
Page
Chapter Glossary of Terms
Glossary
Glossary
Page
Index
IN-2
Page
579-769 Rev. C
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