NETGEAR WNR1000v3h2 manual How Port Forwarding Changes the Communication Process

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N150 Wireless Router User Manual

5.The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port (as in the previous example, let’s say port 33333) as the destination port. The IRC server also sends an “identify” message to your router with destination port 113.

6.Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 33333, your router checks its session table to determine whether there is an active session for port number 33333. Finding an active session, the router restores the original address information replaced by NAT and sends this reply message to your computer.

7.Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 113, your router checks its session table and learns that there is an active session for port 113, associated with your computer. The router replaces the message’s destination IP address with your computer’s IP address and forwards the message to your computer.

8.When you finish your chat session, your router eventually senses a period of inactivity in the communications. The router then removes the session information from its session table, and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port numbers 33333 or 113.

To configure port triggering, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs. Also, you need to know the number of the outbound port that will trigger the opening of the inbound ports. You can usually determine this information by contacting the publisher of the application, or user groups or newsgroups.

Note: Only one computer at a time can use the triggered application.

How Port Forwarding Changes the Communication Process

In both of the preceding examples, your computer initiates an application session with a server computer on the Internet. However, you might need to allow a client computer on the Internet to initiate a connection to a server computer on your network. Normally, your router ignores any inbound traffic that is not a response to your own outbound traffic. You can configure exceptions to this default rule by using the port forwarding feature.

A typical application of port forwarding can be shown by reversing the client-server relationship from our previous Web server example. In this case, a remote computer’s browser needs to access a Web server running on a computer in your local network. Using port forwarding, you can tell the router, “When you receive incoming traffic on port 80 (the standard port number for a Web server process), forward it to the local computer at 192.168.1.123.” The following sequence shows the effects of the port forwarding rule you have defined:

1.The user of a remote computer opens Internet Explorer and requests a Web page from www.example.com, which resolves to the public IP address of your router. The remote computer composes a Web page request message with the following destination information:

•The destination address is the IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your router.

•The destination port number is 80, the standard port number for a Web server process.

60 Chapter 5: Fine-Tuning Your Network

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Contents N150 Wireless Router WNR1000v3h2 Technical Support TrademarksStatement of Conditions Revision HistoryTable of Contents Customizing Your Network Settings Troubleshooting Using the Setup Manual Configuring Basic ConnectivityLogging In To Your Wireless Router Configuring Basic Connectivity Selecting a Language for Your Screen Display Configuring Basic Connectivity Configuring Your Internet Settings Using the Setup Wizard Viewing and Configuring Basic Internet SettingsYour Internet Connection Does Not Require a Login No login required Your Internet Connection Does Require a Login Login required Configuring Basic Connectivity Setting Up and Testing Basic Wireless Connectivity Configuring Basic Connectivity Click Setup Access List Safeguarding Your Network Safeguarding Your NetworkChoosing Appropriate Wireless Security To configure the wireless network, you can Wireless Security Options Other Features That Enhance SecurityRecording Basic Wireless Settings Setup Information If WEP Authentication is used, circle one Shared Key or AutoChanging Wireless Security Settings Viewing Basic Wireless SettingsSafeguarding Your Network Configuring WEP Wireless Security Safeguarding Your Network Configuring WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK Wireless Security Viewing Advanced Wireless Settings Using Push N Connect Wi-Fi Protected Setup Push Button Configuration Using the Physical Push ButtonUsing the Router’s Security PIN Security PIN EntryConfiguring the WPS Settings Using the Wireless Client’s Security PINAdding Additional WPS-Enabled Clients Restricting Wireless Access by MAC Address Adding Additional Non-WPS-Enabled ClientsSelect the Turn Access Control On check box Adding Guest Networks To add a guest network, do the followingChanging the Administrator Password Backing Up Your Configuration Understanding Your Firewall Content Filtering Overview Blocking Access to Internet SitesRestricting Access From Your Network Blocking Access to Internet Services To block access to Internet services Blocking Services by IP Address Range Scheduling BlockingViewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access Log Entry DescriptionsConfiguring E-mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications Setting the Time Zone Using the LAN IP Setup Options Customizing Your Network SettingsConfiguring a Device Name Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup ParametersUsing the Router as a Dhcp Server Using Address ReservationUsing a Dynamic DNS Service To reserve an IP addressTo edit or delete a reserved address entry Click Edit or DeleteConfiguring the WAN Setup Options To configure for a Dynamic DNS serviceSelect the Use a Dynamic DNS Service check box Setting Up a Default DMZ Server Disabling Port Scan and DoS ProtectionConfiguring Static Routes Setting the MTU SizeConfiguring NAT Filtering Responding to a Ping on the Internet WAN PortTo add or edit a static route Customizing Your Network Settings Fine-Tuning Your Network Allowing Inbound Connections to Your NetworkFine-Tuning Your Network How Port Triggering Changes the Communication Process Web server then sends this reply message to your routerHow Port Forwarding Changes the Communication Process Configuring Port Forwarding to Local Servers How Port Forwarding Differs from Port TriggeringAdding a Custom Service To configure port forwarding to a local serverClick Edit Service or Delete Service to make changes Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding EntryApplication Example Making a Local Web Server Public To edit or delete a port forwarding entryConfiguring Port Triggering Clear the Disable Port Triggering check box Using Universal Plug and Play To turn on Universal Plug and PlayOptimizing Wireless Performance Identify critical wireless links Choose your settingsReduce interference Using WMM for Wireless Multimedia Applications Quality of ServiceUsing WMM QoS for Wireless Multimedia Applications Configuring QoS for Internet Access QoS for Applications and Online GamingTo create a QoS policy for applications and online games Click Setup QoS Rule and then click Add Priority Rule QoS for a Router LAN PortQoS for a MAC Address Click Setup QoS Rule Changing the MTU SizeEditing or Deleting an Existing QoS Policy Overview of Home and Small Office Networking Technologies Common MTU SizesAssessing Your Speed Requirements Theoretical Transfer Time for 1 Gigabyte Network Connection Theoretical Raw Transfer TimeUsing Network Monitoring Tools Using Network Monitoring ToolsViewing Wireless Router Status Information Wireless Router Status FieldsDhcp Click Connection Status to display the connection status Connection Status Settings Router StatisticsViewing a List of Attached Devices Rx B/sManaging the Configuration File Backing Up and Restoring the ConfigurationDo not interrupt the reboot process Erasing the Configuration Checking for New Firmware in the Router Upgrade ScreenUpdating the Router Firmware Using Network Monitoring Tools Updating Manually to New Router Firmware Enabling Remote Management Access To configure your router for remote managementSelect the Turn Remote Management On check box Using Network Monitoring Tools Traffic Meter To monitor traffic on your router, do the followingUsing Network Monitoring Tools Troubleshooting Quick TipsBe sure to restart your network in this sequence Troubleshooting Basic Functions Make sure that the Ethernet cables are securely pluggedCheck the Test light to verify correct router operation Power light is not on Power light blinks green slowly and continuouslyPower light stays amber Internet light stays amberLogin Problems Internet or LAN port lights are not onChecking the Internet Service Connection Obtaining an Internet IP AddressTroubleshooting PPPoE Troubleshooting Internet BrowsingTroubleshooting Your Network Using the Ping Utility Testing the LAN Path to Your RouterTesting the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device Request timed outProblems with Date and Time Problems with Wireless Adapter ConnectionsRestoring the Default Configuration and Password These procedures erase all current configuration settingsDefault Configuration Settings WNR1000v3h2 Router Default Configuration SettingsAppendix a Technical Specifications Wireless Communication General Specifications WNR1000v3h2 Router General SpecificationsReference Documents Appendix B Related DocumentsRegulatory Compliance Information FCC Requirements for Operation in the United StatesEurope EU Declaration of Conformity FCC CautionEdoc in Languages of the European Community Pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE Interference Reduction Table Interference Reduction TableIndex IndexIndex PIN 32, 34 ping 54 Setup Manual
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