ADTRAN 5045 system manual Line-of-Site, Receiver Power, Receiver Sensitivity Antenna Information

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MICROWAVE PATH ENGINEERING BASICS

Explains the basics of analyzing a wireless microwave link or path. The significant parameters are defined, and several recommendations are offered.

CONTENTS

Line-of-Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Decibels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Calculating the Fade Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Receiver Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Antenna Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Transmitted Power (PT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Carrier Wavelength (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Path Distance (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

System Losses (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Path Loss (LP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Receiver Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Antenna Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

TRACER RSSI Test Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Antenna Beam Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Fresnel Zones, Earth Curvature, & Antenna Heights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Path Availability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

 

FIGURES

 

Figure 1.

Example Microwave Path with Parameters

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Figure 2. Typical Antenna Beam Pattern

21

 

TABLES

 

Table 1.

Antenna Gain for Given Dish Diameters

17

Table 2.

Typical Coaxial Loss for Common Cable Types

19

Table 3.

Path Loss for Given Path Lengths

20

Table 4.

Minimum Antenna Height for Given Path Lengths

22

612805045L1-1A

© 2003 ADTRAN, Inc.

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Contents Tracer To the Holder of the Manual TrademarksAbout this Manual Revision History Save These Important Safety Instructions Safety InstructionsRadio Frequency Interface Statement FCC-Required InformationExposure to Radio Frequency Fields FCC Output Power RestrictionsPre-Sales Inquiries and Applications Support Repair and ReturnPost-Sale Support Installation and Maintenance SupportTraining Table of Contents Table of Contents Tracer 4208 System Manual System Description Configuration and Management Features and BenefitsSystem Overview OperationalLine-of-Site Receiver PowerReceiver Sensitivity Antenna Information Other ConsiderationsMicrowave Path Engineering Basics Tracer 5045 System Manual Terminology LINE-OF-SITEDecibels Calculating the Fade MarginReceiver Power Antenna Gain Transmitted Power PTPath Distance d Carrier Wavelength λSystem Losses L Typical Coaxial Loss for Common Cable Types Path Loss LPAntenna Information Receiver SensitivityAntenna Alignment Path Loss for Given Path Lengths MilesAntenna Beam Patterns Tracer Rssi Test PointsFresnel Zones, Earth Curvature, & Antenna Heights Minimum Antenna Height for Given Path Lengths Path Availability Other ConsiderationsTerrain Terrain Factor Description Climate Climate Factor DescriptionMicrowave Path Engineering Basics Tracer 5045 System Manual Reviewing the Front Panel Design At-A-Glance SpecificationsPower Requirements Equipment DimensionsReviewing the Front Panel Design Rssi Monitoring InterfaceReviewing the Tracer 5045 Rear Panel Design RS-232 Connection DB-25 Terminal Use Rear Panel Description Name ConnectorRS-232 Connection Pinout RS-232 Connection Modem Use Tracer 5045 DCE to Terminal DTE Diagram DB-25Tracer 5045 DCE to Personal Computer DB-9 10/100BaseT/TX Connections RJ-48C Alarm Contacts Plug-In Terminal BlockTracer 5045 DCE to Modem DCE DB-25 100BaseT/Tx Interface PinoutAntenna Interface N-Type connector DC Power Connection Plug-In Terminal BlockAT-A-GLANCE Specifications FuseHardware Description Specification Transmitter Hardware Description Specification Power Engineering Guidelines Tracer 5045 System Manual Unpack and Inspect the System Network Turnup ProcedureIntroduction Contents of Adtran ShipmentTools Required Unpack and Inspect the SystemGrounding Instructions Channel SelectionConnecting the Ethernet Interfaces Supplying Power to the UnitMounting Options Terminal Menu and System Control Navigating the Terminal MenuMenu Descriptions Terminal Menu Window Navigating the Terminal MenuPassword Protection Navigating using the Keyboard KeysTerminal Menu and System Control To do this Press this keyContact Information Menu DescriptionsTx Power Rx PowerRF Status Ethernet StatusMain Menu Tracer System Configuration Default password for the Tracer 5045 is tracer Tracer Link Performance History Ethernet Switch Status Ethernet Switch Status RX Packets Dropped User Interface Guide Tracer 5045 System Manual Overview Installing/Troubleshooting the Tracer HardwareOverview LED Indicators PWR LEDTST LED RF Down LEDSTEP-BY-STEP Troubleshooting RF ErrorsRF LOW LED LAN LEDsINSTALLING/TROUBLESHOOTING the Tracer Hardware Installing/Configuring Ethernet Hardware Troubleshooting Guide Tracer 5045 System Manual