Creating and Downloading Waveform Files

 

 

 

 

 

Understanding Waveform Data

Voltage

DAC Range

Input Range

Binary Data

Hex Data

Vmax

65535

32767

01111111

11111111

7FFF

 

32768

1

00000000

00000001

0001

0 Volts

32767

0

00000000

00000000

0000

 

32766

-1

11111111

11111111

FFFF

Vmin

0

-32768

10000000 00000000

8000

Notice that it takes only 15 bits (215) to reach the Vmax (positive) or Vmin (negative) values. The MSB determines the sign of the value. This is covered in “2’s Complement Data Format” on page 191.

Using E443xB ESG DAC Input Values

In this section, the words signal generator with or without a model number refer to an N5182A Agilent MXG, E4438C ESG, E8267D PSG. The signal generator input values differ from those of the earlier E443xB ESG models. For the E443xB models, the input values are all positive (unsigned) and the data is contained within 14 bits plus 2 bits for markers. This means that the E443xB DAC has a smaller range:

•0 = negative full scale output

•8192 = 0 volts

•16383 = positive full scale output

Although the signal generator uses signed input values, it accepts unsigned data created for the E443xB and converts it to the proper DAC values. To download an E443xB files to the signal generator, use the same command syntax as for the E443xB models. For more information on downloading E443xB files, see “Downloading E443xB Signal Generator Files” on page 228.

Scaling DAC Values

The signal generator uses an interpolation algorithm (sampling between the I/Q data points) when reconstructing the waveform. For common waveforms, this interpolation can cause overshoot, which may exceed the limits of the signal process path’s internal number representation, causing arithmatic overload. This will be reported as either a data path overload error (N5182A) or a DAC over- range error condition (E4438C/E8267D). Because of the interpolation, the error condition can occur even when all the I and Q values are within the DAC input range. To avoid the DAC over- range problem, you must scale (reduce) the I and Q input values, so that any overshoot remains within the DAC range.

Agilent N518xA, E8663B, E44x8C, and E82x7D Signal Generators Programming Guide

189

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Agilent Technologies E8663B, N5181A/82A, N5183A MXG manual Using E443xB ESG DAC Input Values, Scaling DAC Values
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N5183A, N5183A MXG, E8663B, N5181A/82A specifications

Agilent Technologies is renowned for its innovative solutions in electronic test and measurement equipment. Among its offerings are several signal generators including the N5181A, N5182A, E8663B, and N5183A MXG. These models are distinguished not only by their performance but also by their versatility across various applications in communications, aerospace, and electronics.

The Agilent N5181A and N5182A, part of the MXG family, are highly versatile signal generators known for their exceptional frequency performance and flexibility. The N5181A operates from 100 kHz to 6 GHz, while the N5182A extends that range up to 12 GHz. They provide high fidelity signals with low phase noise, making them ideal for the development and testing of RF components and systems. These generators support a wide variety of modulation formats, including AM, FM, PM, and pulse modulation, catering to diverse application needs.

The E8663B, meanwhile, is designed for the range of 250 kHz to 3 GHz and is also recognized for its high-performance features. Its built-in capabilities for modulation make it effective for testing wireless devices, ensuring that signals can be simulated accurately in both laboratory and field environments. It is especially beneficial for users requiring a straightforward and efficient solution with high reliability.

The N5183A MXG signal generator enhances the lineup with frequency coverage up to 6 GHz and advanced capabilities. It integrates various modulation capabilities while ensuring high signal integrity. Its architecture is tailored for both production test environments and research applications, providing users with the flexibility to adapt to changing testing requirements.

Common characteristics across these models include a user-friendly interface that simplifies configuration and operation. They are often equipped with LAN and USB interfaces for easy remote control and integration into automated test systems. The robustness of these generators allows them to perform reliably in challenging environments, making them essential tools in laboratories, manufacturing floors, and field testing scenarios.

In summary, Agilent's signal generators, including the N5181A, N5182A, E8663B, and N5183A MXG, represent a blend of advanced technology, flexibility, and precision. These instruments are vital in facilitating the evolution of cutting-edge communication technologies, ensuring that designers and engineers can confidently meet the demands of modern electronics.
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