Compaq iPAQ Internet Device Chapter 8 BIOS ROM

Technical Reference Guide

Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices

First Edition - March 2000

8-1

Chapter 8BIOS ROM

8. Chapter 8 BIOS ROM

8.1 INTRODUCTION

The Compaq iPAQ Internet Device uses Compaq BIOS firmware loaded into the 82802 FWH

component. Th e BIOS ROM includes such fun ctions as Power-On Self Tes t (POST), PCI device

initialization, Plug ‘n Play support, power management activities, and Setup. This chapter

includes the following topics:

♦ Boot/reset functions (8.2) page 8-2

♦ Memory detection and configuration (8.3) page 8-11

♦ PnP support (8.5) page 8-12

♦ Power management functions (8.6) page 8-15

♦ USB legacy support (8.7) page 8-17

♦ BIOS upgrading (8.8) page 8-18

The firmware contained in the BIOS ROM supports the following operating systems and

specifications:

♦ DOS 6.2

♦ Windows for Workgroups 3.11

♦ Windows 95

♦ Windows 98

♦ Windows NT 3.5 and 4.0

♦ OS/2 ver 2.1

♦ OS/2 Warp

♦ SCO Unix

♦ DMI 2.1

♦ Intel Wired for Management (WfM) ver. 2.2

♦ SMBIOS 2.3.1

♦ Alert-On-LAN (AOL)

♦ Wake-On-LAN (WOL)

♦ ACPI/WHIIG and OnNow

♦ APM 1.2

♦ Phoenix PMM

♦ PC98/99 and NetPC

The microprocess or accesses the BIOS ROM as a 128-KB block from E0000h to FFFFFh. Th e

BIOS data is shadowed in a 64-KB block in the upper memory area. The BIOS segments are

dynamically paged in and out of the 64-KB block as they are needed.

NOTE: This chapter describes BIOS in general and focuses only on aspects of BIOS

unique to this particular system..

Contents

Main Page Page NOTICE Technical Reference Guide Page TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page Page Page Technical Reference Guide viii Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices LIST OF FIGURES Page Technical Reference Guide x Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices LIST OF TABLES Page Page Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE 1.1.1 USING THIS GU IDE 1.1.2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SOURCES 1.2 MODEL NUMBERING CONVENTION Page 1-3 1.4 COMMON ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Chapter 1 Introduction 1-4 Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices Table 1-1. Acronyms and Abbreviations 1-5 Table 1-1. Acronyms and Abbreviations n Page 1-7 Table 1-1. Acronyms and Abbreviations Chapter 2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2. Chapter 2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 F EATURES AND OPTIONS 2.2.1 STANDARD FEATURES 2.2.2 OPTIONS 2.3 MECHANICAL DESIGN 2.3.1 CABINET LAYOUTS 2.3.1.1 Front View 2-5 2.3.1.2 Rear Views Legacy-FreeLegacy-Light Figure 23. Compaq iPAQ Internet Device, Rear Views 2.3.2 CHASSIS LAYOUT 2-7 2.3.3 SYSTEM BOARD LAYOUTS Figure 25. Compaq iPAQ System Board Layouts 2.4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 2-9 .................. Figure 26. Compaq iPAQ Architecture, Block diagra m 2.4.1 PROCESSORS 2.4.1.1 Celeron Processor 2.4.1.2 Pent ium III Processor 2.4.1.3 Processor Upgrading ! 2.4.2 CHIPSET 2.4.3 SUPPORT COMPONENT S 2.4.4 SYSTEM MEMORY 2.4.5 MASS STORAGE 2.4.6 SERIAL AND PARALLEL INTERFACES 2.4.7 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS INTERFACE 2.4.8 GRAPHICS SUBSYSTEM 2.4.9 AUDIO SUBSYSTEM 2.5 SPECIFICATIONS Page 2-17 Table 2-10. Hard Drive Specifi cations Table 2-10. Hard Drive Specifications Page Chapter 3 PROCESSOR/ MEMORY SUBSYSTEM 3. Chapter 3 PROCESSOR/MEMORY SUBSYSTEM 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 PROCESSOR 3.2.1 CELERON PROCESSOR 3.2.2 PENTIUM III PROC ESSOR 3.2.3 PROCESSOR UPGRADING ! 3.3 MEMORY SUBSYSTEM Chapter 3 Processor/Memory Subsystem 3-6 Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices 3-7 Figure 3-4 shows the system memory map. Figure 34. System Memory Map 3.4 SUBSYSTEM CONFIGURATION Chapter 4 SYSTEM SUPPORT 4. Chapter 4 SYSTEM SUPPORT 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 PCI BUS OVERVIEW 4.2.1 PCI BUS TRANSACTIONS 4.2.1.1 I/O and Memory Cycles 4.2.1.2 Configuration Cycles Chapter 4 System Support 4-4 Page 4.2.2 PCI INTERRUPT MAPPING 4.2.3 PCI POWER MANAGEMENT SUPPORT 4.2.4 PCI SUB-BUSSES 4.2.4.1 Hub Link Bus 4.2.4.2 LPC Bus 4.2.5 PCI CONFIGURATION 4.3 AGP BUS OVERVIEW 4.3.1 BUS TRANSACTIONS 4.3.1.1 Data Request 4.3.1.2 Data Transfers AGP 1X Transfers AGP 2X Transfers 4.3.2 AGP CONFIGURATION 4.4 INTERRUPTS 4.4.1 MASKABLE INTERRUPTS Page 4.4.2 NON-MASKABLE INTERRUPTS 4.4.2.1 NMI- Generation 4.4.2.2 SMI- Generation 4.5 INTERVAL TIMER 4.6 SYST EM CLOCK DISTRIBUTION 4.7 REAL-T IME CLOCK AND CONFIGURATION MEMORY 4.7.1 CMOS ARCHIVE 4.7.2 STANDARD CMOS LOCATIONS 4-19 RTC Control Register A, Byte 0Ah RTC Control Register B, Byte 0Bh RTC Status Register C, Byte 0Ch RTC Status Register D, Byte 0Dh Page Page Page 4-23 Configuration Byte 26h, Auxiliary Peripheral Configuration Configuration Byte 27h, Speed Control/External Drive Configuration Byte 28h, Expanded and Base Memory, IRQ12 Select Chapter 4 System Support 4-24 Configuration Byte 29h, Miscellaneous Configuration Data Configuration Byte 2Ah, Hard Drive Timeout Configuration Byte 2Bh, System Inact ivity Timeout Page 4.7.3 CMOS FEATURE BITS 4.8 SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 4.8.1 SECURITY FUNCTIONS 4.8.1.1 System Passwords Setup Password Power On Password 4.8.1.2 DriveLock Passwords 4.8.2 POWER MANAGEMENT 4.8.3 THERMAL SENSING AND COOLING 4-29 4.9 SYSTEM I/O MAP Page Chapter 5 INPUT/OUTPUT I NTERFACES 5. Chapter 5 INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACES 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 ENHANCED IDE INTERFACE 5.2.1 IDE PROGRAMMING 5.2.1.1 IDE Configuration Registers 5.2.1.2 IDE Bus Master Control Registers 5.2.2 IDE CONNECTOR 5.3 DISKET TE DRIVE INTERFACE 5.4 SERIAL IN TERFACE 5.4.1 RS-232 INTERFACE 5.4.2 SERIAL TEST INTERFACE 5.4.3 SERIAL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.4.3.1 Serial Interface Configuration 5.4.3.2 Serial Interface Control 5-7 Table 57. Serial Interface Control Registers Table 5-7. Serial Interface Control Registers 5.5 PARALLEL INTERFACE 5.5.1 STANDARD PARALLEL PORT MODE 5.5.2 ENHANCED PARALLEL PORT MODE 5.5.3 EXTENDED CAPABILITIES PORT MODE 5.5.4 PARALLEL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.5.4.1 Parallel Interface Configuration 5.5.4.2 Parallel Interface Control Page Page 5.5.5 PARALLEL INTERFACE CONNECTOR 5.6 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE 5.6.1 KEYBOARD INTERFACE OPERATION Chapter 5 Input/Output Interfaces 5-16 Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices 5.6.2 POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE OPERATION 5.6.3 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.6.3.1 8042 Configuration 5.6.3.2 8042 Control 5-19 Chapter 5 Input/Output Interfaces 5-20 Compaq iPAQ Family of Internet Devices Table 5-13. CPU Commands To The 8042 5.6.4 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE CONNECTOR 5.7 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS INTERFACE 5.7.1 USB DATA FORMATS Page 5.7.2 USB PROGRAMMING 5.7.2.1 USB Configuration 5.7.2.2 USB Control 5.7.3 USB CONNECTOR 5.7.4 USB CABLE DATA 5.8 AUDIO SUBSYSTEM 5.8.1 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS 5-27 5.8.2 AC97 AUDIO CONTROLLER 5.8.3 AC97 LINK BUS 5.8.4 AUDIO CODEC 5.8.5 AUDIO PROGRAMMING 5.8.5.1 Audio Configuration 5.8.5.2 Audio Control 5.8.6 AUDIO SPECIFICATIONS 5.9 NET WORK INTERFACE CONTROLLER 5.9.1 WAKE ON LAN 5.9.2 ALERT ON LAN 5.9.3 POWER MANAGEMENT SUPPORT 5.9.3.1 APM Environment 5.9.3.2 ACPI Environment 5.9.4 NIC PROGRAMMING 5.9.4.1 Configuration 5.9.4.2 Control 5.9.4.3 RJ-45 Connector 5.9.4.4 82559 NIC Specifications Chapter 6 GRAPHICS SUBSYSTEM 6. Chapter 6 Graphics Subsystem 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 6.2.1 FEATURE SUMMARY 6.3 DISPLAY MODES 6.4 UPGRADING 6.5 PROGRAMMING 6.5.1 CONFIGURATION 6.5.2 CONTROL 6.5.2.1 Standard VGA Modes 6.5.2.2 Extended VGA Modes 6.6 MONITOR POWER MANAGEMENT CONTROL 6.7 MONITOR CONNECTOR Chapter 7 POWER and SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION 7. Chapter 7 POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 PO WER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY/CONTROL 7.2.1 POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY 7.2.2 POWER CONTROL 7.2.2.1 Power Button Control 7.2.2.2 OS Power Control 7.3 POWER DISTRIBUTION 7.3.1 3.3/5/12 VDC DISTRIBUTION 7.3.2 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION 7-5 7.4 SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION Figure 73. Signal Distribution Diagram Figures 7-4 shows general signal distribution between the main subassemblies of the system unit. System Board Page Chapter 8 BIOS ROM 8. Chapter 8 BIOS ROM 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8.2 DESKT OP MANAGEMENT SUPPORT Page 8.2.1 SYSTEM ID 8.2.2 SYSTEM INFORMATION TABLE 8.2.3 EDID RETRIEVE 8.2.4 DRIVE FAULT PREDICTION 8.2.5 SYSTEM MAP RETRIEVAL 8.2.6 FLASH ROM FUNCTIONS 8.2.7 POWER BUTTON FUNCTIONS 8.2.8 ACCESSING CMOS 8.2.9 ACCESSING CMOS FEATURE BITS 8-9 Table 8-2. CMOS Feature Bits Table 8-2. CMOS Feature Bits 8.2.10 SECURITY FUNCT IONS 8.3 MEMORY DETECT ION AND CONFIGURATION 8.4 PNP SUPPORT 8.4.1 SMBIOS 8.5 POWER MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS 8.5.1 INDEPENDENT PM SUPPORT 8.5.2 ACPI SUPPORT 8.5.3 APM 1.2 SUPPORT Page 8.6 USB L EGACY SUPPORT 8.7 BIOS UPGRADING filename Appendix A ERROR MESSAGES AND CODES A. Appendix A ERROR MESSAGES AND CODES A.1 INTRODUCTION A.2 POWER-ON MESSAGES A.3 BEEP/KEYBOARD LED CODES Compaq Personal Computers A.4 POWER-ON SELF TEST (POST ) MESSAGES Table A3. Power-On Self Test (POST) Messages Table A-3. Power-On Self Test (POST) Messages A.5 PROCESSOR ERROR MESSAGES (1xx-xx) Compaq Personal Computers A-4 A.6 MEMORY ERROR MESSAGES (2xx-xx) Table A5. Memory Error Messages Table A-5. Memory Error Messages A.7 KEYBOARD ERROR MESSAGES (30x-xx) Table A6. Keyboard Error Messages Table A-6. Keyboard Error Messages A.8 PRINTER ERROR MESSAGES (4xx-xx) A.9 VIDEO (GRAPHICS) ERROR MESSAGES (5xx-xx) A.10 DISKETTE DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (6xx-xx) A.11 SERIAL INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (11xx-xx) A-7 A.12 MODEM COMMUNICATIONS ERROR MESSAGES (12xx-xx) Compaq Personal Computers A-8 A.13 SYSTEM STATUS ERROR MESSAGES (16xx-xx) Table A12. System Status Error Messages Table A-12. System Status Error Messages A.14 HARD DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (17xx-xx) Table A13. Hard Drive Error Messages Table A-13. Hard Drive Error Messages A-9 A.15 HARD DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (19xx-xx) Table A14. Hard Drive Error Messages Table A-14. Hard Drive Error Messages A.16 VIDEO (GRAPHICS) ERROR MESSAGES (24xx-xx) Table A15. Hard Drive Messages Table A-15. Video (Graphics) Error Messages A.17 AUDIO ERROR MESSAGES (3206-xx) A.18 DVD/CD-ROM ERROR MESSAGES (33xx-xx) A.19 NETWORK INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (60xx-xx) A.20 SCSI INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (65xx-xx, 66xx-xx, 67xx-xx) A.21 POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (8601-xx) A.22 CEMM PRIVILEDGED OPS ERROR MESSAGES A.23 CEMM EXCEPTION ERROR MESSAGES Appendix B ASCII CHARACTER SET B. B.1 INTRODUCTION Appendix B ASCII Character Set B-2 Table B-1. ASCII Code Set Appendix C KEYBOARD C. Appendix C KEYBOARD C.1 INTRODUCTION C.2 KEYSTROKE PROCESSING C.2.1 PS/2-TYPE KEYBOARD TRANSMISSIONS C.2.2 USB-TYPE KEYBOARD TRANSMISSIONS C-5 C.2.3 KEYBOARD LAYOUTS Figure C4. National (102-Key) Keyboard Key Positions C.2.3.1 Standard Enhanced Keyboards Figure C3. U.S. English (101-Key) Keyboard Key Positions Compaq Personal Computers C.2.3.2 Windows Enhanced Keyboards Figure C6. National Windows (102W-Key) Keyboard Key Positions Figure C5. U.S. English Windows (101W-Key) Keyboard Key Positions C.2.3.3 Easy Access Keyboards C.2.4 KEYS C.2.4.1 Special Single-Keystroke Functions C.2.4.2 Multi-Keystroke Functions C.2.4.3 Windows Keystrokes C.2.4.4 Easy Access Keystrokes C.2.5 KEYBOARD COMMANDS C.2.6 SCAN CODES Compaq Personal Computers C-12 Table C2. Keyboard Scan Codes Table C-2. Keyboard Scan Codes C-13 Table C-2. Keyboard Scan Codes Compaq Personal Computers C-14 Table C-2. Keyboard Scan Codes C.3 CONNECTORS Page INDEX I.