Fujitsu M4097D manual Front-side reading = Front-side scanning

Error diffusion

High-quality halftone (pseudo-grayscale) image production based on black-and-white pixel binarization. A pixel’s optical density and that of adjacent pixels are summed, with black pixels relocated in their order of density as they relate to adjacent pixels.

The purpose of this technique is to minimize the average error between read and printed densities. Density data for adjacent pixels is modified by diffusing errors on the objective pixel into several pixels, which are then binarized. This maintains high grayscale levels and resolution during reading, while suppressing more patterns by dotted halftone images such as newspaper photographs.

FB

In this manual, FB means flat bed.

Filtering

A correction method that improves the read quality of handwritten documents. The read quality of images written in pencil or ball-pointed pen depends on the reflective light characteristics of the specific ink or lead used. Dropped pixels may produce outlines, gaps, or thin, barely connected lines due to uneven optical density. Filtering detects areas lighter than their surroundings and increases their density to improve image clarity.

Front-side reading = Front-side scanning

Refers to reading the front side of the document, specifically in Duplex reading mode.

Halftone processing

Any method used to reproduce a photograph which includes a shade as an image composed of dots, namely, a binary image. Dithering and error diffusion processing are examples of halftone processing.

Hexadecimal

A base-16 numbering system (also commonly referred to as hex numbers). Since a base-16 system requires 16 digits, numbers 0 through 9 and letters A through F are used. It is convenient to express binary numbers in hexadecimal because fewer digits are required.

Image emphasis

Density is decreased for lighter but not completely white areas adjacent to black areas. Weakening this emphasis eliminates spot noise or produces softened images.

GL-3