Theory of Device Operation

4.7.4 Actuator motor control

The voice coil motor (VCM) is controlled by feeding back the servo data recorded on the data surface. The MPU fetches the position sense data on the servo frame at a constant interval of sampling time, executes calculation, and updates the VCM drive current.

The servo control of the actuator includes the operation to move the head to the reference cylinder, the seek operation to move the head to the target cylinder to read or write data, and the track-following operation to position the head onto the target track.

(1) Operation to move the head to the reference cylinder

The MPU moves the head to the reference cylinder when the power is turned. The reference cylinder is in the data area.

When power is applied the heads are moved from the outside of media to the normal servo data zone in the following sequence:

a)Micro current is fed to the VCM to press the head against the outer direction.

b)The head is loaded on the disk.

c)When the servo mark is detected the head is moved slowly toward the inner circumference at a constant speed.

d)If the head is stopped at the reference cylinder from there. Track following control starts.

(2) Seek operation

Upon a data read/write request from the host, the MPU confirms the necessity of access to the disk. If a read/write instruction is issued, the MPU seeks the desired track.

The MPU feeds the VCM current via the D/A converter and power amplifier to move the head. The MPU calculates the difference (speed error) between the specified target position and the current position for each sampling timing during head moving. The MPU then feeds the VCM drive current by setting the calculated result into the D/A converter. The calculation is digitally executed by the firmware. When the head arrives at the target cylinder, the track is followed.

(3) Track following operation

Except during head movement to the reference cylinder and seek operation under the spindle rotates in steady speed, the MPU does track following control. To position the head at the center of a track, the DSP drives the VCM by feeding micro current. For each sampling time, the VCM drive current is determined by filtering the position difference between the target position and the position clarified by the detected position sense data. The filtering includes servo compensation. These are digitally controlled by the firmware.

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Fujitsu MHW2060AC, MHW2040AC Actuator motor control, Operation to move the head to the reference cylinder, Seek operation
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MHW2060AC, MHW2040AC specifications

The Fujitsu MHW2040AC and MHW2060AC are notable hard disk drives (HDDs) that have been widely used in various computing applications, especially in laptops and compact devices. These models are part of Fujitsu's commitment to providing reliable storage solutions that meet the demands of modern computing.

The MHW2040AC offers a storage capacity of 40 GB, while the MHW2060AC provides a slightly larger capacity at 60 GB. This range of storage makes both models suitable for users looking for dependable space for documents, multimedia files, and software applications. Both drives utilize a 2.5-inch form factor, ideal for mobile computing, as they are lightweight and designed to fit into space-constrained environments.

In terms of performance, both drives operate at a spindle speed of 5400 RPM. This speed strikes a balance between power consumption and performance, making these drives an efficient choice for everyday tasks, such as web browsing and office applications. The drives are equipped with an interface of Ultra ATA/133, which enables faster data transfer rates compared to older models, thereby enhancing overall system responsiveness.

The MHW2040AC and MHW2060AC also incorporate several advanced technologies to bolster their performance and reliability. One such feature is the use of a fluid dynamic bearing (FDB) for the spindle motor, which minimizes noise and vibration, thus improving the overall user experience. Additionally, both drives come with error correction technology that helps maintain data integrity by detecting and correcting errors during read and write operations.

Moreover, these HDDs feature a shock sensor that can detect sudden movements, allowing the drive to park its heads to prevent data loss and hardware damage. This is particularly beneficial in mobile environments where the risks of impact are higher.

Both the MHW2040AC and MHW2060AC are designed with energy-saving features, making them an environmentally responsible choice for energy-conscious consumers. Their low power consumption not only contributes to a reduced carbon footprint but also extends battery life for portable devices.

In summary, the Fujitsu MHW2040AC and MHW2060AC are reliable, efficient, and user-friendly hard disk drives that combine moderate capacities with advanced features designed to enhance performance, ensure data integrity, and extend device longevity. These drives are well-suited for a range of applications, making them a solid choice for users seeking dependable storage solutions.
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