Appendix B

FDA shares regulatory responsibilities for wireless phones with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). All phones that are sold in the United States must comply with FCC safety guidelines that limit RF exposure. FCC relies on FDA and other health agencies for safety questions about wireless phones. FCC also regulates the base stations that the wireless phone networks rely upon. While these base stations operate at higher power than do the wireless phones themselves, the RF exposures that people get from these base stations are typically thousands of times lower than those they can get from wireless phones. Base stations are thus not the subject of the safety questions discussed in this document.

3. What kinds of phones are the subject of this update?

The term wireless phone refers here to hand-held wireless phones with built-in antennas, often called cell mobile or PCS phones. These types of wireless phones can expose the user to measurable radiofrequency energy (RF) because of the short distance between the phone and the user’s head. These RF exposures are limited by Federal Communications Commission safety guidelines that were developed with the advice of FDA and other federal health and safety agencies. When the phone is located at greater distances from the user, the exposure to RF is drastically lower because a person's RF exposure decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the source. The so-called cordless phones; which have a base unit connected to the telephone wiring in a house, typically operate at far lower power levels, and thus produce RF exposures far below the FCC safety limits.

4. What are the results of the research done already?

The research done thus far has produced conflicting results, and many studies have suffered from flaws in their research methods. Animal experiments investigating the effects of radiofrequency energy (RF) exposures characteristic of wireless phones have yielded conflicting results that often cannot be repeated in other laboratories. A few animal studies, however, have suggested that low levels of RF could accelerate the development of cancer in laboratory animals. However, many of the studies that showed increased tumor development used animals that had been genetically engineered or treated with cancer-causing chemicals so as to be pre-disposed to develop cancer in the absence of RF exposure. Other studies exposed the animals to RF for up to 22 hours per day. These conditions are not similar to the conditions under which people use wireless phones, so we don’t know with certainty what the results of such studies mean for human health.

Three large epidemiology studies have been published since December 2000. Between them, the studies investigated any possible association between the use of wireless phones and primary brain cancer, glioma, meningioma, or acoustic neuroma, tumors of the brain or salivary gland, leukemia, or other cancers. None of the studies demonstrated the existence of any harmful health effects from wireless phone RF exposures. However, none of the studies can answer questions about long-term exposures, since the average period of phone use in these studies was around three years.

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Nokia 6560 What kinds of phones are the subject of this update?, What are the results of the research done already?

6560 specifications

The Nokia 6560 is a mobile phone that was released as part of Nokia's long-standing tradition of producing reliable and feature-rich devices. Launched in the early 2000s, this device showcased the classic design elements that Nokia was known for, including a sturdy build and user-friendly interface.

One of the main features of the Nokia 6560 is its compact size, making it portable and easy to handle. The device features a monochrome display, which was typical for phones of its era. The screen size may not compare to modern smartphones, but it provided sufficient visibility for calls and messages. The phone is equipped with tactile buttons that respond well, offering users a comfortable typing experience.

Technologically, the Nokia 6560 operates on the GSM network, which was one of the most widely adopted digital mobile communications technologies at the time. This allowed users to enjoy quality calls and enhanced connectivity. The phone supports dual-band GSM, ensuring broader network coverage. Users could enjoy reliable service in urban areas and even in some rural locales.

The Nokia 6560 offers a range of features that cater to the needs of mobile users. It includes a built-in address book capable of storing a significant number of contacts. Additionally, users can send and receive SMS text messages, a popular form of communication during that period. The phone’s battery life is another highlight, providing long talk times and standby durations, making it practical for daily use without the constant need for recharging.

Furthermore, the Nokia 6560 supports basic customizable ringtones, allowing users to personalize their devices. It also includes a few built-in games, which offered entertainment during downtime. Despite not being a smartphone by today’s standards, the Nokia 6560 provides essential tools that focus on communication and connectivity.

In conclusion, the Nokia 6560 stands as a testament to the durability and reliability that Nokia is known for. With its straightforward design, GSM connectivity, and user-friendly features, it fulfilled the needs of mobile users during its time. While it may lack the advanced capabilities of modern smartphones, the Nokia 6560 remains an iconic device that many users fondly remember for its simplicity and robustness.