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Glossary
Analog audio Direct representation of sound by an electrical signal.
See also Digital audio.
Aspect ratio The width of a TV screen relative to its height.
Conventional TVs are 4:3; widescreen models are
16:9.
Bonus Group
(DVD-Audio only)
An ‘extra’ group on some DVD-Audio discs that
requires a key number to access.
Browsable pictures
(DVD-Audio only)
A feature of some DVD-Audio discs in which the user
can browse still pictures recorded on the disc as the
audio is played.
Digital audio Indirect representation of sound using numbers. See
also Sampling frequency and Analog audio.
DivX DivX is a media technology created by DivX, Inc. DivX
media files contain not only video but also include
advanced media features like menus, subtitles, and
alternate audiotracks.
Dolby Digital A multi-channel audio encoding system developed by
Dolby Laboratories that enables far more audio to be
stored on a disc than PCM encoding. See also PCM
(Pulse Code Modulation).
DRM DRM (digital rights management) copy protection is
a technology designed to prevent unauthorized
copying by restricting playback, etc. of compressed
audio files on devices other than the PC (or other
recording equipment) used to record it. For detailed
information, please see the instruction manuals or
help files that came with your PC and/or software.
DTS A multi-channel audio encoding system developed by
Digital Theater Systems that enables far more audio
to be stored on a disc than PCM encoding. See also
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation).
DSD
(Direct Stream Digital)
The Digital Audio encoding system found on SACDs,
that expresses the audio signals by the pulse density
of one bit data.
EXIF (Exchangeable
Image File)
A file format developed by FUJIFILM for digital still
cameras. Digital cameras from various
manufacturers use this compressed file format which
carries date, time and thumbnail information, as well
as the picture data.
File extension A tag added to the end of a filename to indicate the
type of file. For example, “.mp3” indicates an MP3 file.
HDMI HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a
high-speed digital interface which has the capability
to support standard, enhanced, or high-definition
video plus standard to multi-channel surround-sound
audio on a single digital connection. HDMI features
include uncompressed digital video, a bandwidth of
up to 5 gigabytes per second and communication
between the AV source and AV devices such as DTVs.
ISO 9660 format International standard for the volume and file
structure of CD-ROM discs.
JPEG A standard file format used for still images. JPEG files
are identified by the file extension “.jpg”.
MP3 MP3 (MPEG1 audio layer 3) is a compressed stereo
audio file format. Files are recognized by their file
extension “.mp3”.
MPEG-4 AAC MPEG-4 AAC is a compressed stereo audio file
format. Files are recognized by the extension “.m4a”.
Note that some files purchased with copyright
protection (such as files from the iTunes store) may
not playback.
MPEG audio An audio format used on VideoCDs and some DVD
discs.
Packed PCM (DVD-Audio
only)
A lossless compression system that enables more
PCM audio to be stored on a DVD-Audio disc than
would otherwise be possible.
PBC
(PlayBack Control)
A system of navigating a VideoCD through on-screen
menus recorded onto the disc.
PCM
(Pulse Code Modulation)
Digital audio encoding system found on CDs. Good
quality, but requires a lot of data compared to Dolby
Digital, DTS and MPEG encoded audio. See also
Digital audio.
Progressive scan video All the lines that make up a video picture are updated
in one pass (compared to interlace which takes two
passes to update the whole picture).
Regions
(DVD-Video only)
These associate DVD-Video discs and players with
particular areas of the world. See DVD-Video regions
on page41 for more information.
Sampling frequency The rate at which sound is measured to be turned into
digital audio data. The higher the rate, the better the
sound quality. CD is 44.1kHz; DVD can be up to
96kHz. See also Digital audio.
Super Audio CD (SACD) Super Audio CD is a high quality audio disc format
that can accommodate high sampling rate stereo
and multi-channel audio, as well as conventional CD
audio all on the same disc.
WMA WMA is short for Windows Media Audio and refers to
an audio compression technology developed by
Microsoft Corporation. Files are recognized by their
file extension “.wma”.
WMV WMV is an acronym for Windows Media Video and
refers to a video compression technology developed
by Microsoft Corporation. Files are recognized by the
file extension “.wmv”.
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