Glossary

binary: The base two number system composed of zeros and ones (off or on), used by most digital computers. The right most digit of a binary number has a value of 1, the next a value of 2, then 4, 8, 16, and so on. For example, the binary number 101 has a value of 5. See also ASCII.

BIOS: Basic Input Output System. The firmware that controls data flow within the computer. See also firmware.

bit: Derived from “binary digit,” the basic unit of information used by the computer. It is either zero or one. Eight bits is one byte. See also byte.

Bluetooth: A short-range radio technology designed to simplify wireless communication among computers, communication devices and the Internet.

board: A circuit board. An internal card containing electronic components, called chips, which perform a specific function or increase the capabilities of the system.

boot: Short for bootstrap. A program that starts or restarts the computer. The program reads instructions from a storage device into the computer’s memory.

bps: Bits per second. Typically used to describe the data transmission speed of a modem.

buffer: The portion of the computer’s memory where data is temporarily stored. Buffers often compensate for differences in the rate of flow from one device to another.

bus: An interface for transmission of signals, data or electric power.

byte: The representation of a single character. A sequence of eight bits treated as a single unit; also the smallest addressable unit within the system.

C

cache memory: High speed memory which stores data that increases processor speed and data transfer rate. When the CPU reads data from main memory, it stores a copy of this data in cache memory. The next time the CPU needs that same data, it looks for it in the cache memory rather than the main memory, which saves time. The computer has two cache levels. Level one is incorporated into the processor and level two resides in external memory.

card: Synonym for board. See board.CardBus: An industry standard bus for 32-bit PC Cards.

capacity: The amount of data that can be stored on a magnetic storage device such as a diskette (floppy disk) or hard disk. It is usually described in terms of kilobytes (KB), where one KB = 1024 bytes and megabytes (MB), where one MB = 1024 KB.

CD-ROM:A Compact Disk-Read Only Memory is a high capacity disk that can be read from but not written to. The CD-ROM drive uses a laser, rather than magnetic heads, to read data from the disk.

TOSHIBA TE2300

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