Intel 9800758-02 manual Abs, Atn

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CHAPTER 7

FUNCTIONS

ABS

The ABS function returns the absolute value of the specified expression. The absolute value of an expression is its numeric value with a positive sign.

ABS(expression)

10 INPUT A

20A = ABS(A *2)

30PRINT A

40END

RUN ?5

Ok

RUN

?-5

10 Ok

Ase

The ASC function returns the ASCII code of the first character of the specified string.

ASC(string expression)

PRINT ASC ("0"), ASC("AB")

48 65

ATN

The ATN function returns the arctangent value of the specified expression. The result, given in radians, is between -PI/2 and PI/2. The calculation is performed in single precision, but the argument may be any numeric type.

ATN(expression)

10INPUT A

20B = ATN(A)

30PRINT B

40END

RUN ?5 1.373401 Ok

7-1

Image 65

Contents BASIC-SO Reference Manual A108/0979/7500 FL Preface Page Contents Illustrations Invoking BASIC-80 Chapter Introduction to BASIC-80Introduction to BASIC-80 ExamplesBasic filename MEMTOPaddress FilenameRenaming a File Listing the Directory of a DiskChanging File Attributes Deleting a FileSave LP ,A You can now run, list, or edit the programStatements CommandsBASIC-80 Statements BASIC-80 Commands ContdBASIC-80 Functions BASIC-80 Statements ContdBASIC-80 Functions Contd Functions Representing DataInteger Constants ConstantsDecimal Integer Constants Hexadecimal Integer ConstantsDouble-Precision Floating-Point Constants Octal Integer ConstantsSingle-Precision Floating-Point Constants String Variables String ConstantsThis is a string constant $ = Enter next data stringYI,1 L4! = Csng l4String Arrays BASIC-SO Operators in Order of Precedence Contd Arithmetic OperatorsString Operator Logical OperatorsNumeric Expressions String ExpressionsEntering and Editing Programs 30 A=8 30 A=8*5230 A=8*52 30 A=8*37 30 A--=8xx*522537 Control-R a = 8*37Command 3D press 3, then D results SubcommandInteger D If AB thenIf AB then 120 Else Null SET At this point, the other editing subcommands may be used Syntax of the X subcommand isInteger C character character Print Undefined SET The E subcommand is enteredMove the cursor to PRINT. Enter 2C RE L Print Undefined SET. Enter a LOverflow, Underflow, and Divide-by-Zero BASIC-80 Error MessagesSyntax Error Messages Error Trapping Trace Facility Error Handling Error SimulationRestarting Program Execution If line 40 is replaced withOpen 1,#1,F1DATES Opening a Sequential FileWriting to a Sequential File Refer to for further details of Print UsingReading from a Sequential File If executed four times, it would read all eight valuesValue of R$ would be Closing a Sequential FileField #3, 20 AS N$ BuffersDefining a Random 1/0 Field-FIELD Field #3, 20 AS N$, 9 AS SS$ Disk File Input/OutputReading from a Random 1/0 File Opening and Closing a Random Disk FileAny of the parameters can be variables To read the next recordInteger Writing to a Random 1/0 FileSingle-precision value Double-precision valueMKI$ Attrib Fdrive numberfilename, WO Attrib Fdrive numberfilename, W1Auto first lineJ, increment Clear expression,addressClose Commands and StatementsRules for function name are the same as for variable name DEF FNXDefsng Defdbl Defstr Defint Delete DIMDIR ErrorEdit ENDExit Error expressionField FOR-NEXT-STEPGosub GETFor variable=expression to expression Step expression GET I file number ,record numberGoto IF-THEN-ELSEInput LET KillLine Input ListLoad LSET, RsetNEW Merge9 16 NextOpen On ... GosubOn ... Goto Poke Option BaseOUT String Fields Print UsingPrint If X$=SEVEN and Y$=EIGHT, the results of line 40 would be Numeric fieldsPUT PrunRead RandomizeREM Return ResumeRUN line numberlstring expression ,F SaveLine number RUN filename 60 END? 5,8,2 TRON, TroffWidth WaitATN ABSFunctions CHR$Cint CVI CVS Csng10 A# = 1.00/3.00 AO/o =EOF DskfOk· FIXInputs HexsINP LEFT$ INTInstr LOC LENLOF LOGOCT$ MID$MKI$ MKS$ MKD$ Peek expression RightsPOS integer RIGHT$ string,integerSIN SGNSpaces 10 a =1SPC integer SPCIf A$ = 2 then Print Correct Else Goto SQRexpressionTAN expression STR$ expressionTAB expression 60 AO/o = Here is an example of how the USRn statement is usedTable A-I. BASIC-80 Error Codes Appendix a BASIC-SO Error CodesTable A-I. BASIC-SO Error Codes Contd Appendix B BASIC-SO Reserved Words Page Level To halt program execution and return to commandTo tab across the line To resume program execution after it is stopped byPage Appendix D Ascii Codes Table D-l. Ascii Code ListBEL Table D-2. Ascii Code DefinitionAppendixe Calling Subroutines Figure B-1. Internal Representation of Numbers and Strings RESULT=USR%1VARPTRA, VARPTRB, VARPTRC» PRINTA+B+C= Result Some Real ExamplesFigure E-2 /8085 Assembly Language Program Figure E-3. PL/M-80 Program Appendix F RMX/SO BASIC-SO ISIS-II BASIC-SO Initializing the Predefined RMX/SO BASIC-SO ConfigurationOOOOH-OFFFH Table F-l. Sample Configuration Jumper WiringBASIC-80 Source Files Generating Boot-Loaded and PROM-Based VersionsBASIC-80 Object Files BASIC-80 Executable FilesGenerating a Boot-Loaded RMX/80 BASIC-80 This option is used to allocate memory. It is 1 if the boot That are not boot loadedSetting baud rates, refer to the RMX/SO Users Guide This option enables your user-written I/O drivers if youISBC 80/20-4 Generating a PROM-Based RMX/80 BASIC-80 Prom F1 RMX820.L1BSTART, & FOBASCM.OBJ,& FORMXBAS.LlB F1 DFSDIR. L1BDIRECTORY ,RENAM E,& F1 MTI810.L1B Adding BASIC-SO to an Existing RMX/SO Configuration Configuring DFS on an iSBC 80/10Configuration Requirements ISBC SO/10 System ClockPublic Variables Open 0,#1, L1LlST Adding User-Written I/O Drivers to RMX/SO BASIC-SOFigure F-S. Sample User-Written 1/0 Driver Routine Burning a BASIC-80 Program Into Prom Altering BASIC-80 WorkspaceBaprom F1HEATER.BAS Page Index Ase BASIC-80 RIGHT$,7-1O Request for Readerscomments 111111