Dell S100, S300 manual Appendix B, RAID Technology Understanding Disk Arrays and Virtual Disks

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B

Appendix B

RAID Technology - Understanding Disk Arrays and Virtual Disks

A disk array consists of the physical disks that are connected to a controller.

A virtual disk is data storage created by a controller from one or more physical disks. The virtual disk is viewed by the operating system as a single disk.

The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller (PERC) S100 controller and PERC

S300 controller allows:

SAS HDD (PERC S300 controller only), SATA HDD, and/or SATA SSD (PERC S100 controller only) physical disks to co-exist on a single controller.

Physical disks of the same type (SAS HDD, SATA HDD, SATA SSD) but of different capacities.

Virtual disks to be at different RAID levels on the same controller, but not supported on the same group of physical disks.

Because some RAID levels enhance performance while others improve reliability, it is important to consider your needs when planning a virtual disk configuration.

The ability of the controller to provide online expansion to virtual disks across multiple physical disks and controllers becomes extremely valuable when storage expansion is a requirement.

Appendix B

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Contents User’s Guide February Contents Complete the Hardware Installation Installing the Perc S300 AdapterInstalling the Microsoft Windows Drivers Physical Disk-Related ErrorsIndustry Canada Notice Canada Only RAID Technology Understanding Disk ArraysContents Page Safety When Working Inside Your System Safety GeneralProtecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Page Introduction OverviewOverview Supported Platforms Physical disks RequirementsOverview Boot to it Summary of RAID Levels About RAIDRAID Terminology Disk StripingDisk Mirroring Parity Data Spanned RAID LevelsExample of Distributed Parity RAID Features General FeaturesDescription Description Allows hot-swapping Physical disks, in the same virtual disk That supports hot-swapping DisksBackplane with hot-swap capability Features Migration during an OCE Virtual diskSpecifications RAID Hardware Installation Before You BeginGeneral Considerations Installing the Perc S300 Adapter Installing a Perc S300 Adapter Connecting the Cables Connect Physical Disks to the Perc S300 Adapter Complete the Hardware InstallationHardware Installation Installing the Drivers Installing the Microsoft Windows DriversDownloading the Controller Driver Media Pre-Installation Requirements for the Controller Drivers Operating System And Device Driver MediaTo Use Sata Controller to either ATA Mode or Ahci Pre-Installation Procedures For The Controller Drivers Steps DVD, and so on, perform the following For Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 For Microsoft Windows Server For Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 Installing the Drivers Installing the Drivers Perc Virtual Disk Management Utility Operations Description RAID Configuration ManagementAccessing the Perc Virtual Disk Management Utility Perc Virtual Disk Management Text Colors Description Initializing Physical Disks Before You Begin Creating Virtual DisksRAID Configuration and Management Deleting Virtual Disks RAID Configuration and Management Swapping Two Virtual Disks Managing Global Hot Spares Create a Global Hot SpareDelete a Global Hot Spare Viewing Virtual Disk Details Viewing Physical Disk DetailsController Options Description How to Operate Rescanning DisksController Options Pause if Degraded Continuing to BootRAID Configuration and Management Troubleshooting System Startup ProblemsRAID Mode to ATA Mode Boot Mode, Boot Sequence Bios Bios Screen Corrective Action Lost This warning message appears when multiple virtual disks are This warning message appears when From virtual disk creation Virtual Disk-Related Errors A Virtual Disk is in a Failed State On the virtual diskRedundant virtual disk 12. Cannot Create a Global Hot Spare Select View Virtual Disk Details 14. a Dedicated Hot Spare Fails Physical Disk-Related ErrorsTroubleshooting Appendix a Controller SpecificationsRead, Write, and Cache Policy S300 adapterPhysical Disk Tasks Controller TasksTable A-3. Physical Disk Tasks Physical Disk Task Name Perc S300 adapterSupported RAID Levels Virtual Disk TasksTable A-4. Virtual Disk Tasks Virtual Disk Task Name AdapterVirtual Disk Specifications RAID Technology Understanding Disk Arrays and Virtual Disks Appendix BUnderstanding RAID Levels Appendix B Table B-2. Physical Disk States Definition Disk States Virtual and Physical DisksTable B-3. Virtual Disk States State Definition Failure StatesCreating Virtual Disks Future Expansion Table B-5. Minimum and Maximum Physical Disk ConfigurationsUnderstanding Physical Disks Physical Disk StatesRescanning Physical Disks for Changes in State Dedicated Hot SparesGlobal Hot Spares Regulatory Notices Appendix CFCC, Class a FCC Notice U.S. OnlyFCC, Class B CE Notice European Union Industry Canada Notice Canada OnlyIndustry Canada, Class a Industry Canada, Class BAppendix C CE Mark Notice Contacting Dell Appendix DAppendix D Index Index Index 100 101 102 103 Glossary104 105 106 Acronym for nanoseconds, one billionth of a second 107108 109 110
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