HP Ski Simulator, IA-64 manual User Registers Pane, Register Window in xski

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Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L

Figure 3-1. The Register Window in xski

ski shows only a portion of a register set at a time and you use the commands described in Section 5.1, “Register Window Commands” to select which portion of which set to see. The sets are described below in the order they appear in the Reg- ister Window. Their xski realizations are shown as well.

3.2.1The User Registers Pane

The user registers pane (see Figure 3-2) displays the Predicate Registers (prs) in binary, the Application Registers in hexadecimal, and the Branch Registers (b0-b7) and the Instruction Pointer (ip) symbolically if possible, otherwise in hexadecimal. Symbolic displays are limited to sixteen characters; when more than sixteen characters are needed, the ﬁrst ﬁfteen are displayed and an asterisk (“ *”) is added to indicate that the symbolic display has been abbreviated. The ﬁelds of the Current Frame Marker (cfm) register and subﬁelds of the Previous Frame Marker ﬁeld ( pfm) are displayed in decimal. For bit-encoded registers, some bits are displayed individually using their IA-64 mnemonics. If a bit name is displayed in uppercase, the bit is currently set, and if the name is displayed in lowercase, the bit is currently clear. For example, the psr.be bit is shown as “ BE” in Figure 3-2,indicating that the bit is set. The User Mask bitﬁeld ( psr.um) from the Processor Status Register (psr) is displayed in this pane; the entire psr is shown in the System Registers pane, described in Section 3.2.4, “The System Registers Pane”. Predicate Registers pr16-pr63are displayed in their rotated form, as indicated by the rrbp ﬁeld of the Current Frame Marker ( cfm) register.

At the middle of the pane, the line starting “ clean” shows, in decimal, the values in the internal registers that control the Register Save Engine (rse). The IA-64 architecture requires that these registers exist but provides no program-visible access to them.

3-2

Screen Presentation

Copyright © 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co.

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Contents Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual Copyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard CoPrinting History TrademarksFont Conventions How to Use This ManualPreface Syntax ConventionsItalic+ Table of Contents Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual Vii Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual Viii Table of Contents List of Figures Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L List of Tables Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Xii List of Tables Ski Simulator How to Run an IA-64 Application ProgramGetting Started a Ski Tutorial Starting xskiStarting xski From the Command Line Exiting Ski Loading Your ProgramLoading the hello Program Inspecting Data Xski Data WindowChanging the Data Window Display Data Window Showing argv and envp Strings in Hexadecimal Viewing Data in Ascii Looking at CodeViewing Source Code Mixed In with Assembly Code 12. Jumping the Program Window to the Beginning of mainControlling Breakpoints 14. The Program Window Showing a Breakpoint at mainRunning a Program 15. The Breakpoint List WindowSingle-stepping a Program 16. The Terminal Window After the hello Program is RunChanging Registers and Memory 18. The Main Window After Reaching the Breakpoint at main+10Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L 20. The xski Register Window After Changing the ip Register 21. The xski Data Window Widened to Show Ascii Getting Help Next StepsCopyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co What You Need to Know to Use This Manual OverviewIntroduction Defects and Defect ReportingUsing bski for Batch Simulations Ski VariationsX Window System, Motif-based xski Interface Command Line Flags Starting SkiXSki File 1.1 Summary of FlagsQuit expression Summary of the Quit CommandQuitting Ski Register Window Screen PresentationSki’s Use of Windows User Registers Pane Register Window in xskiGeneral Registers Pane Floating Point Registers PaneSystem Registers Pane IA-32 Registers PaneResizing Register Window Panes with xski Register Window and skiProgram Window 1 IA-64 Instruction DisplaySki IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L 2 IA-32 Instruction Display Changing the Range of Locations Shown in the Program Window Invalid Code and the Program WindowData Window 12. xski’s Program Window Showing Illegal InstructionsChanging the Range of Locations Shown in the Data Window Xski Main Window Command/Main WindowInvalid Code and the Data Window Ski Command Window 16. xski’s Main Command Window17. ski’s Command Window at Bottom Other Windows18. xski’s Symbol List Window Copyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co Command Arguments Command LanguageCommand Entry Command Sequences, Repetition, and AbbreviationNumbers and Counts Argument SpeciﬁcationNumeric Arguments ExpressionsSki Simulator Arithmetic and Logic Operators Xski Evaluating ExpressionsAddresses Symbolic ArgumentsProgram-Deﬁned Symbols Labels Resolving Ambiguous Symbols and NumbersInternal Variables FilenamesSki IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Summary of Register Window Commands Screen Manipulation CommandsRegister Window Commands Xski Register Window CommandsProgram Window Commands Summary of Program Window CommandsXski’s Program Window Showing IA-64 Assembly Language Code Xski’s Assembly Language Dump Window Pd startingaddress endingaddress ﬁlenameDj address Data Window CommandsSummary of Data Window Commands Df countXski Showing Data in Raw Hexadecimal and Ascii Dd startingaddress endingaddress ﬁlenameSki Support for Application-Mode Programs Program SimulationApplication-Mode and System-Mode Simulation Ski Support for System-Mode ProgramsSystem-Mode IA-32 Programs Summary of TLB Display CommandsSystem-Mode IA-64 Programs System-Mode TLB SimulationProgram Loading Misaligned Data Access TrapHow to Load a Program Adding Information after Loading Summary of Program Loading CommandsLoad ﬁlename args+ Creating the argc, argv, and envp ParametersSummary of Program Execution Commands Program ExecutionSki IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Program Simulation Linux Application Environment Linux and MS-DOS ABI EmulationInterruptions Linux System Calls Supported by Ski Linux System Calls Accepted but Ignored by SkiMS-DOS System Calls in Hexadecimal Supported by Ski MS-DOS Application EnvironmentProgram I/O Copyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co Examples of Assignment Commands Changing Registers and Memory with Assignment CommandsSummary of Assignment Commands DebuggingOriginal Program Loaded in ski Bit-encoded Registers AllocationEvaluating Formulas and Formatting Data Summary of The eval CommandSetting Program Breakpoints Program BreakpointsDeleting Program Breakpoints Listing Program BreakpointsBs address Summary of Program Breakpoint CommandsUnexpected Breakpoints Data Breakpoints Setting Data BreakpointsSummary of Data Breakpoint Commands Deleting Data BreakpointsSummary of Symbol Commands Symbol Table CommandsSummary of Save and Restore Commands Dumping Registers and Memory to a FileSymlist Output from xski Isyms ﬁlenameSki IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Debugging Goto Command and Labels Command FilesLabels and Control Flow in Command Files Initialization FileIf Command Comments in Command FilesAn Example Command File # comment Summary of Command File Commandsﬁlename LabelSki IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Command Files Command Reference =s address stringwithoutspacesDbs address length rwrw Dbd breakpointnumberHelp commandname Eval expressionwithoutspaces+Quit returnvalueforshell Rest ﬁlenameStep until expressionwithoutspaces Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Register Names IA-64 RegistersRegister Names Copyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co Register Names B-3 Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Copyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co Register Names B-5 Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L Register Names Internal Variable Names Internal VariablesCopyright 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co Simulator Status and Error Messages All breakpoints deletedSimulator Status and Error Messages Expression Help Unknown command %s Missing ELF header Not an IA-64 ﬁle Stopping at %s due to unimplemented instruction Usage %s options ﬁle args