HP IA-64, Ski Simulator manual Bit-encoded Registers, Allocation

Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L

Figure 8-2. The Program After Assigning a String in ski

8.1.3Notes on Assignment

8.1.3.1Address Alignment

Ski aligns addresses on natural boundaries: two-byte quantities are aligned on addresses divisible by two, four-byte quan- tities are aligned on addresses divisible by four, and eight-byte quantities are aligned on addresses divisible by eight. For example, the command

=4 __data_start+1 0x12345678

results in the message

Non word-aligned address. Aligned to 0x6000000000001000

and the value is assigned starting one byte before the requested address. (“ __data_start” is a program-defined symbol for 0x6000000000001000.)

8.1.3.2Bit-encoded Registers

Many registers are bit-encoded. You can assign to individual bits or to entire registers. For example, you can set the psr.it bit with this:

= psr.it 1

and you can set the entire Processor Status Register (psr) with this:

= psr 1234567890abcdef

A complete list of the registers and bits Ski recognizes is in Section B.1, “IA-64 Registers”.

8.1.3.3Page Allocation

Virtual memory is simulated only for system-mode programs. In system-mode, your program is responsible for page allo- cation. In application-mode, Ski handles page allocation for you. Either way, if you try to assign data to a non-existent page using the assignment commands, Ski will refuse, with an error message. The assignment commands never cause a TLB miss or replacement.

Copyright © 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co. Debugging 8-3