Appendix
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IP addresses
Diverse network protocols can be used for the communication of the devices connected to the Ethernet network. The N8000 uses the TCP/IP protocol, thus, it is an IP network device. IP addresses are used for the logical addressing of devices in an IP network. The N8000 uses version IPv4 (Internet protocol version 4) for the addressing. Therefore, the length of an IP address is 32 bit (= 4 Byte). 4.3 billion unique addresses are theoretically possibl with this protocol. Normally IPv4 addresses are given in the dotted decimal notation, i.e. the four bytes are written as four decimals separated by dots. Thus, the general notation of an IPv4 address is AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD. An example of an IP address is 130.009.122.195. Zeros which stand in the first place can be omitted. That is the reason why the exemplary address can also be written as: 130.9.122.195.
The following table shows address sequences that should be used in private networks.
Class | Adress space | Subnet mask | CIDR | Number of IP addresses |
|
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|
|
|
A | 10.0.0.0 - | 255.0.0.0 | 10.0.0.0/8 | 16777216 |
| 10.255.255.255 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B | 172.16.0.0 - | 255.240.0.0 | 172.16.0.0/12 | 1048576 |
| 172.31.255.255 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C | 192.168.0.0 - | 255.255.0.0 | 192.168.0.0/16 | 65536 |
| 192.168.255.255 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Link local | 169.254.0.0 - | 255.255.0.0 | 169.254.0.0/16 | 65536 |
| 169.254.255.255 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Private IP addresses are especially of interest in networks which are connected to the Internet. Private IP addresses are not routed in the Internet. Thus, it is necessary to make an address conversion with NAT (Network Address Translation) or PAT (Port Address Translation = NAT and additional change of the port number) in order to be able to access the Internet. An benefit of this is that it is possible to connect several devices via a router with the Internet even when your Internet provider has only allocated one IP address. Additionally, the real IP address of the devices can be hidden from hackers by NAT/PAT (Security through Obscurity).
Subnet mask
An IP address is always divided into a network part (network address/ID) and a host part (host address/ID or device address). Devices are in the same network if, and only if, the network parts of their addresses are identical. Devices can interact directly with each other if they are in the same network. Ancillary equipment (e.g. a router) is necessary if devices in different networks should interact. Within one network host addresses may not be allocated twice.
34NetMax N8000 System Controller
Owner’s manual
