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Fujitsu MHW2100BS, MHW2080BS, MHW2120BS, MHW2040BS, MHW2060BS manual Theory of Device Operation

Models: MHW2040BS MHW2100BS MHW2060BS MHW2120BS MHW2080BS

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CHAPTER 4 Theory of Device Operation

4.1Outline

4.2Subassemblies

4.3Circuit Configuration

4.4Power-on Sequence

4.5Self-calibration

4.6Read/write Circuit

4.7Servo Control

This chapter explains basic design concepts of the disk drive. Also, this chapter explains subassemblies of the disk drive, each sequence, servo control, and electrical circuit blocks.

C141-E249

4-1

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Fujitsu MHW2100BS, MHW2080BS, MHW2120BS, MHW2040BS, MHW2060BS manual Theory of Device Operation

Contents

Disk Drives Product Manual Handling of This Manual For Safe Operation Revision History This page is intentionally left blank Overview of Manual Operating Environment Conventions for Alert MessagesConventions Liability Exception This page is intentionally left blank Important Alert Messages Important Alert Items This page is intentionally left blank Disk Drives Product Manual Disk Drives Maintenance Manual This page is intentionally left blank Contents Theory of Device Operation Installation Conditions Interface Contents 101 Operations AB-1 GL-1IN-1 Illustrations 171 Tables Recommended connector specifications for the host 106 Device Overview Functions and performance FeaturesAdaptability Connection to Sata interface Error correction and retry by ECCLow noise and vibration High resistance against shock Specifications summary Device SpecificationsSpecifications 1/2 Examples of model names and product numbers Model and product number Slope of an input voltage at rise Power RequirementsInput Voltage Ripple Power Requirements Current and power dissipation Current Requirements and Power Dissipation Current fluctuation Typ. at +5 V when power is turned on Environmental SpecificationsEnvironmental specifications Shock and Vibration Acoustic noise specificationShock and vibration specification Acoustic Noise Mean time to repair Mttr Service lifeData assurance in the event of power failure MTBF= Media Defects Error RateUnrecoverable read error Positioning error Recommended power-off sequence Advanced Power Management APM Advanced Power Management Host-initiated interface power management Hipm Interface Power Management IPMDevice-initiated interface power management Dipm Interface power management Device Configuration Device Configuration Read/write circuit System ConfigurationSata interface Drive connection This page is intentionally left blank Installation Conditions Dimensions Dimensions Orientation MountingFrame PCA Limitation of mounting Location of breather Ambient temperature Handling cautions Service area Hios ESD Connections with Host System Device connector Signal segment and power supply segment Connector specifications for host systemRecommended connector specifications for the host system Sata interface cable connection This page is intentionally left blank Theory of Device Operation Spindle OutlineSubassemblies Disk Spindle motor driver circuit Circuit ConfigurationAir filter Servo circuit Power supply configuration PCA Power-on Sequence Power-on operation sequence Self-calibration Self-calibration contents Execution timing of self-calibration Command processing during self-calibration Write precompensation Read/write CircuitRead/write preamplifier PreAMP Write circuit AGC circuit Read circuitProgrammable filter circuit Viterbi detection circuit Digital PLL circuitFIR circuit D converter circuit Servo control circuit Servo Control A converter DAC Power amplifierMicroprocessor unit MPU Servo burst capture circuit Data-surface servo format Physical sector servo configuration on disk surface Servo frame format Track following operation Actuator motor controlOperation to move the head to the reference cylinder Seek operation Spindle motor control Start modeAcceleration mode Stable rotation mode This page is intentionally left blank Interface Physical Interface Interface signals Comwake Comreset / Cominit5VDC/GND Out of band signaling Signal interface regulation Pmack AlignCont EOF SOF RIPROK Rrdy FER Electrical specifications Physical Layer Electrical Requirements 2/3 Physical Layer Electrical Requirements 3/3 COMINIT/COMRESET Connector pinouts Connector pinouts Requirements for P11 as an output pin 5 P11 functionStaggered Spin-up Driving Ready LED Example of the circuit for driving Ready LED Hot Plug Logical Interface Conceptual diagram of communication layers Transport layer Communication layersPhysical layer Link layer Shadow Block Register Outline of the Shadow Block Register Register Host to Device FIS layout Outline of the frame information structure FISFIS types 3.2 DMA Active Device to Host Register Device to Host TAG DMA Setup Device to Host or Host to Device Bidirectional Bist combinations Bist Active Bidirectional Data Host to Device or Device to Host Bidirectional PIO Setup Device to HostData FIS Bidirectional layout Block at the conclusion of all subsequent Data to Device 11 Set Device Bits FIS Set Device Bits Device to Host Shadow block registers Error FieldUNC Cylinder Low Field exp Features Field expSector Count Field exp Sector Number Field exp HS3 Cylinder High Field expDevice/Head Field HS3 HS2 HS1 HS0 Bit 7 Busy BSY bit Bit Device Write Fault DF bitBit Error ERR bit Status field EStatus Field Command FieldBit 2 Software Reset Srst Device Control Field Command code and parameters Host CommandsCommand code and parameters 1/3 Command code and parameters 2/3 Command code and parameters 3/3 Command descriptions Recalibrate X’10’ to X’1F’ Error reporting conditions Read Sectors X’20’ or X’21’ LBA LSB LBA Write Sectors X’30’ or X’31’ 00 *1 Error information Write Verify X’3C’ Host Commands Read Verify Sectors X’40’ or X’41’ Host Commands Seek X’70’ to X’7F’ Diagnostic code Execute Device Diagnostic X’90’ Initialize Device Parameters X’91’ Operation of Download Microcode Download Microcode X’92’ Error reporting conditions Standby Immediate X’94’ or X’E0’ Interface Unload Feature Unload Immediate Command Standby X’96’ or X’E2’ Idle X’97’ or X’E3’ Interface ’FF’ Check Power Mode X’98’ or X’E5’ Sleep X’99’ or X’E6’ Comreset Smart X’B0’ 10 Features Field values subcommands and functions 1/3 Smart Write LOG 10 Features Field values subcommands and functions 2/3Smart Enable Operations Smart Read LOG ’DA’ Smart Return Status 10 Features Field values subcommands and functions 3/3Smart Disable Operations ’DB’ Smart ENABLE/DISABLE Auto OFF-LINE Key C2h 11 Format of device attribute value data 12 Format of guarantee failure threshold value data1FF Attribute ID Data format version number Raw attribute value Status FlagCurrent attribute value Attribute value for the worst case so far Self-test execution status 13 Off-line data collection status14 Self-test execution status 15 Off-line data collection capability 17 Drive error logging capability16 Failure prediction capability flag 18 Log Directory Data Format Guarantee failure thresholdSmart error logging Checksum 19 Data format of Smart Summary Error Log 1/2 Total number of drive errors 19 Data format of Smart Summary Error Log 2/2Command data structure Error data structure Smart Self-Test 20 Data format of Smart Comprehensive Error Log Self-test index Self-test number Test Span 22 Selective self-test log data structureCurrent LBA under test Selective Self-test pending time min Feature Flags23 Selective self-test feature flags Current Span under test 24 SCT command and the function Smart Command Transport SCT SCT Status Request SN = E0h, FR = D5h SET MAX EXT, DCO 25 Format of SCT Status Response 1/2 25 Format of SCT Status Response 2/2 26 SCT Status code SCT Command SET SN = E0h, FR = D6 28 Write Same 1/2 27 Action code 28 Write Same 2/2 29 Error Recovery Control Feature Control Command 30 Feature Control Command 31 SCT Data Table 32 had Temperature SCT Read Data SN = E1h, FR = D5 SCT Write Data SN = E1h, FR = D6 Device Configuration Identify Device Configuration XB1Device Configuration Restore Device Configuration Freeze Device Configuration Freeze Lock Features Field = C1h Device Configuration Restore Features Field = C0h Device Configuration SET Features Field = C3h Device Configuration Identify Features Field = C2h Word Value Content 33 Device Configuration Identify data structure 1/2 33 Device Configuration Identify data structure 2/2 Read Multiple X’C4’ 12 Execution example of Read Multiple command Start sector No Write Multiple X’C5’ Start sector No SET Multiple Mode X’C6’ Interface Read DMA X’C8’ or X’C9’ LSB / LBA MSB / LBA Write DMA X’CA’ or X’CB’ Interface Read Buffer X’E4’ Flush Cache X’E7’ Write Buffer X’E8’ Identify Device X’EC’ Identify Device DMA X’EE’ ’3FFF’ 34 Information to be read by Identify Device command 1/3 34 Information to be read by Identify Device command 2/3 34 Information to be read by Identify Device command 3/3 MHW2120BS MHW2100BS MHW2080BS MHW2060BS MHW2040BS ’3FFF’ Command without interrupt supports 2, 4, 8 and 16 sectors Host Commands Interface C141-E249 113 Interface C141-E249 115 Bit = Supports the Mode Word C141-E249 117 = SCT Error Recovery Control supported 35 Features field values and settable modes 1/2 SET Features X’EF’ 35 Features field values and settable modes 2/2 See Table Data Transfer Mode Advanced Power Management APM Serial ATA Functions 36 Write-Read-Verify feature sector counts Write-Read-Verify feature optionalAutomatic Acoustic Management AAM 37 Contents of Security SET Password data Error reporting conditions When the user password is selected When the master password is selectedSecurity UNLOCKX’F2’ Host Commands Security Erase Prepare X’F3’ Security Erase Unit X’F4’ Security Freeze Lock X’F5’ Error reporting conditions 39 Contents of security password Error reporting conditions Lbalsb Read Native MAX Address X’F8’ SET MAX Address SET MAX X’F9’ SET MAX SET Password Features Field = 01h Password information DH CH CL SN SC ER SET MAX Lock Features Field = 02h SET MAX Unlock Features Field = 03h SET MAX Freeze Lock Features Field = 04h CL EXP Read Sector S EXT X’24’ DescriptionSN EXP Read DMA EXT X’25’ Description Read Native MAX Address EXT X’27’ Read Multiple EXT X’29’ Read LOG EXT X2F CL EXP SN EXP 41 Tag field information 40 Data format of Read Log Ext log page 10h 43 Counter Identifier information 42 Data format of Read Log Ext log page 11h SC EXP SCT Status Request SN = E0h Error information 152 C141-E249 Write Sector S EXT X’34’ Description Write DMA EXT X’35’ Description SET MAX Address EXT X’37’ SET MAX LBA Write Multiple EXT X’39’ Write LOG EXT X3F Error information C141-E249 159 SCT Command SET SN = E0h SCT Write Data SN = E1h Read Verify Sector S EXT X’42’ Flush Cache EXT X’EA’ Write Multiple FUA EXT XCE Write DMA FUA EXT X3D Read FP DMA Queued Write FP DMA Queued Sfrw Sfrr Error posting44 Command code and parameters 1/2 Command Name 44 Command code and parameters 2/2 Data Command ProtocolNon-data command protocol Execute Device Diagnostic Initialize Device Parameters Host PIO data-in command protocol 14 PIO data-in command protocol PIO data-out command protocol 15 PIO data-out command protocol Read DMA EXT Identfy Device Identfy Device DMA DMA data-in command protocol Write DMA EXT FUA EXT DMA data-out command protocol Read FP DMA Queued Write FP DMA Queued Native Command Queuing protocol 18 Read FP DMA Queued command protocol 19 Write FP DMA Queued command protocol 20 Power-on sequence Power-on and Comreset 21 Comreset sequence This page is intentionally left blank Operations Response to power-on Reset and Diagnosis Reset and Diagnosis Response to Comreset Response to Comreset Comreset preservation requirements Software settings preservation SET Address MAX EXT Response to a software reset Response to a software reset Active idle mode Power SavePower save mode Active mode Sleep mode Standby mode Power commands Power save mode of the interface Power Save Controlled by Interface Power Management IPMPartial mode Slumber mode Read Multiple EXT Read DMA EXT Read FP DMA Queued Read-ahead CacheData buffer structure Example of 8 MB buffer Caching operation Commands that are targets of cachingData that is a target of caching Invalidating caching-target data Miss-hit Using the read segment buffer Sequential hit Full hit Partial hit Invalidation of cached data Command that are targets of cachingWrite Cache Cache operation Enabling and disabling Status report in the event of an errorComreset and software reset response Cashing function when power supply is turned on This page is intentionally left blank Actuator Bios standard for drivesCommand Connector Connector Plug Host system side Master Device Power save modeRotational delay Host receptacle Status Seek timeSerial-ATA Slave Device This page is intentionally left blank Amnf BiosAbrt AIC This page is intentionally left blank Index Index Example of model name and product Mode Read Native MAX Address Read/write circuit block diagram Smart summary error log, data Japan Comment Form This page is intentionally left blank C141-E249-01EN Page