TCP

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is built on top of Internet Protocol (IP). It adds reliable communication (guarantees delivery of data), flow-control, multiplexing (more than one simultaneous connection), and connection-oriented transmission (requires the receiver of a packet to acknowledge receipt to the sender). It also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.

IP address

192.168.2.128

11000000 10101000 00000010 10000000

 

 

 

net mask

255.255.255.0

11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

 

 

 

Resulting network address

192.168.2.0

11000000 10101000 00000010 00000000

 

 

 

TCP/IP

The Internet and most local area networks are defined by a group of protocols. The most important of these is the Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), the de facto standard protocols. TCP/IP was originally developed by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA, also known as ARPA, an agency of the US Department of Defense).

Although TCP and IP are two specific protocols, TCP/IP is often used to refer to the entire protocol suite based on these, including ICMP, ARP, UDP, and others, as well as applications that run on these protocols, such as telnet, FTP, etc.

TKIP

The Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) provides an extended 48-bit initialization vector, per-packet key construction and distribution, a Message Integrity Code (MIC, sometimes called “Michael”), and a re-keying mechanism. It uses a RC4 stream cipher to encrypt the frame body and CRC of each 802.11 frame before transmission. It is an important component of the WPA and 802.11i security mechanisms.

ToS

TCP/IP packet headers include a 3-to-5 bit Type of Service (ToS) box set by the application developer that indicates the appropriate type of service for the data in the packet. The way the bits are set determines whether the packet is queued for sending with minimum delay, maximum throughput, low cost, or mid-way “best-effort” settings depending on the requirements of the data. The ToS box is used by the Gateway 7001 Series self-managed AP to provide configuration control over Quality of Service (QoS) queues for data transmitted from the AP to client stations.

UDP

The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a transport layer protocol providing simple but unreliable datagram services. It adds port address information and a checksum to an IP packet.

192

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