Generalized Cash Flow Diagrams | HP 12C Financial 12C specification

Section 3: Basic Financial Functions

47

The BEGIN status indicator is lit when the payment mode is set to Begin. If BEGIN is not lit, the payment mode is set to End.

The payment mode remains set to what you last specified until you change it; it is not reset each time the calculator is turned on. However, if Continuous Memory is reset, the payment mode will be set to End.

Generalized Cash Flow Diagrams

Examples of various kinds of financial calculations, together with the applicable cash flow diagrams, appear under Compound Interest Calculations later in this section. If your particular problem does not match any of those shown, you can solve it nevertheless by first drawing a cash flow diagram, then keying the quantities identified in the diagram into the corresponding registers. Remember always to observe the sign convention when keying in PV, PMT, and FV.

The terminology used for describing financial problems varies among the different segments of the business and financial communities. Nevertheless, most problems involving compound interest can be solved by drawing a cash flow diagram in one of the following basic forms. Listed below each form are some of the problems to which that diagram applies.

File name: hp 12c pt_user's guide_English_HDPMF123E27	Page: 47 of 275
Printed Date: 2005/8/1	Dimension: 14.8 cm x 21 cm

Image 47

HP 12C Financial 12C manual Generalized Cash Flow Diagrams

Contents

Hp 12c platinum financial calculator Printing History About This Handbook Introduction Introduction For More Solutions to Financial ProblemsFinancial Calculations in the United Kingdom Contents Section Contents Part II Programming 103 Part III Solutions 155 227 Appendix E Formulas Used 250 267 Making Financial Calculations Easy 14.00 48.00500.00 21,396.61 42.03 10,371.79168.00 11,024.82 Part Problem Solving Getting Started Power On and OffLow-Power Indication Adjusting the Display Contrast Negative Numbers Getting StartedKeying in Numbers Digit Separators 123.63 Keying in Large Numbers7814 Backspacing Keys Clears KeystrokesDisplay ALG mode63+ Clear Keys Example RPN mode ALG modeUndo Operation RPN and ALG Keys 13.00 Simple Arithmetic Calculations in RPN ModeKeystrokes RPN mode Display Simple Arithmetic Calculations in ALG Mode 35.38 Chain Calculations in RPN ModeKeystrokes RPN mode 22.95 10.14 1053+ 42.00 30.00 Parentheses Calculations Chain Calculations in ALG Mode Storing and Recalling Numbers Keystrokes ALG mode 8zgØ5 1gÙ DisplayStorage Registers 500?2 Later that same day … Keystrokes Display RPN mode250.00 Keystrokes Display 1250?0 58.33 Clearing Storage RegistersStorage Register Arithmetic 064.54 13.7010.14 053.00 300 Percentages in RPN ModePercentage and Calendar Functions Percentage Functions Percentage and Calendar Functions Percentages in ALG Mode 22,673.40 860.0021,390.00 283.40 53.25 Keystrokes ALG mode DisplayPercent Difference 58.50 29.69 Percent of Total in RPN Mode Percent of Total in ALG Mode Date Format Calendar Functions Future or Past Dates 11,09,2004 14.05 491.00 Number of Days Between Dates11.09 498.00 Displaying Numbers in the Financial Registers Basic Financial FunctionsFinancial Registers Storing Numbers into the Financial Registers Clearing the Financial Registers Simple Interest CalculationsBasic Financial Functions 455.18 60.00450.00 455.25 Financial Calculations and the Cash Flow Diagram Basic Financial Functions Cash Flow Sign Convention Payment Mode Generalized Cash Flow Diagrams Basic Financial Functions Calculating the Number of Payments or Compounding Periods Compound Interest Calculations 325.00 Sets the payment mode to End35,000.00 Stores PV 143.11 328.0027.33 181.89 Recalls payment amount 327.00141.87 466.87 Stores FV GÂ n Keystrokes ALG mode775.00 50.00 4000 58.0029.00 50.00 977.27 10,000.00 Stores FV Keystrokes Display ALG mode 400022.73 Calculating the Periodic and Annual Interest Rates Calculating the Present Value Keystrokes RPN mode Keystrokes ALG mode 9gC 450ÞP 1500+ 369,494.09 12.0017,500.00 540,000.00 243,400.00 Stores PV Calculating the Future Value 200.0060,000.00 717.44 222,975.98 Amount of balloon payment Sets payment mode to End5gA 243400$ 243,400.00 1363.29ÞP -1,363.29 28,346.96 24.00281.34 32,000.00 Odd-Period Calculations Basic Financial Functions 5gC 012004135.17 Z30+ §12 950.00120.00 GÒ z30+ Basic Financial Functions Keystrokes Display FCLEAR G Enters 25 gC 250000 $ Amortization250,000.00 238.26 498.12970.91 245,029.09 380.51 093.75404.37 360.00 Discounted Cash Flow Analysis NPV and IRR Additional Financial Functions Calculating Net Present Value NPV Additional Financial Functions Negative cash flow 212.18 130,000.00 Year Cash Flow 10,000.00 79,000.0014,000.00 11,000.00 13.72 Calculating Internal Rate of Return IRR Reviewing Cash Flow Entries Changing Cash Flow Entries 100,000.00 500.00 14,000.00 79,000.00 857.21 644.75 120.38 Bond CalculationsBond Price 042018 Total price, including accrued Bond Yield122.13 2f# Depreciation Calculations400.00 1f# 3f# 440.00660.00 Continuous Memory Additional Operating Features Number Display Formats Additional Operating FeaturesStatus Indicators Display Scientific Notation Display Format 14.8746 14.9 14.87456320 1487456320 487456 Special Displays Key in RPN Mode Arithmetic Calculations With Constants 429,000.00 Recovering From Errors in Digit Entry Accumulating Statistics Statistics Functions Register Statistic Correcting Accumulated StatisticsMean Statistics Functions 35.00 32.0040.00 38.00 463.00 Standard Deviation820.59 Estimated sales for a 48 hour Linear Estimation28,818.93 Keystrokes Display 48 gQ GR~d~ Keystrokes RPN mode 0gR DisplayKeystrokes ALG mode 0gR 1gR~d-~ Display 001 Weighted Mean 100 Mathematics Number-Alteration FunctionsOne-Number Functions 3880000000 Mathematics and Number-Alteration Functions258 Keystrokes To CalculateDisplay ALG mode Power Function in RPN ModePower Function in ALG Mode Part Programming 104 Why Use Programs?Programming Basics Creating a Program 155.00 Programming Basics200 150.00 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 Running a Program 124.25 625473.75 159 Identifying Instructions in Program Lines Program Memory Instruction Keycode Nnn Nnn, 44Nnn,43,33,000 Displaying Program Lines Program memory Mode and displays current linePressing gÜdoes the reverse Keystrokes Display RPN mode Sets calculator to Program Keystrokes Display 008,43,33,000 Program line Expanding Program Memory 000 Instruction and Program Line Programming Basics Executing a Program One Line at a Time Setting the Calculator to a Particular Program Line Program line 006 Program line 002Program line 003 Program line 004 b Program line 005 + Interrupting Program Execution Pausing During Program Execution 68.5 ?+1 ?+2 ?+3 Keystrokes RPN mode ?+1 ?+2 ?+3 Keystrokes ALG mode119 001 002 003 004 001 002004 005 006 008 60.11 012, 44 40950.61 890.50 003,44 004 005 006 402.82370.52 Stopping Program Execution FCLEAR² 13\68.5 18\72.9 24\85 Fourth item 125 Branching and LoopingSimple Branching Branching and Looping Looping 782.47 007,43,33,002150,000.00 188.72 007,43,33,002 593.75593.75 005 188.72 190.22 Conditional Branching592.25 Branching and Looping Recalls test value into X-register Stores income into register R9 004,43,33,007006,43,33,008 20,000.00 006,43,33,009008,43,33,010 010 20,000 15,000.0015,000.00 004,43,33,007 15,000.00 007 25,000.00 005 20,000.00 00725,000 25,000.00 15,000.00 009 15,00015,000.00 005 15,000.00 006,43,33,009 Line 009 012,43,33,000 Line 012 gi000 000.00005, 43 34 Line 005 go 20,000.00 20,000.00 009 25.00 010 25,000.00 007 139 Program EditingChanging the Instruction in a Program Line Program Editing Keystrokes RPN mode Keystrokes ALG mode Fs gi.006 DisplayAdding Instructions at the End of a Program 014 12,000.00012 013 Adding Instructions within a Program Adding Instructions by Replacement Fs 15000t Adding Instructions by Branching 016 Gi.010 Keystrokes RPN mode Fs gi.000001,43,33,012 011,43,33,000 017,43,33,002 012 013014 015,43,33,000 016 020 021,43,33,000 022 017,43,33,000018 019 Program Editing 149 Multiple ProgramsStoring Another Program 027,43,33,019 018,43,33,000019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 033,43,33,025 025 026 027 028029 030 031 032 038 039 040,43 33,035 028 029 030 031032 033 034,43,33,029 034 035 036 037 Running Another Program Page Part Solutions 156 Real Estate and LendingAnnual Percentage Rate Calculations With Fees 156,800.00 Real Estate and Lending160,000.00 908.46 156,050.00 159,250.00 72.00 Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode 12§ §12³Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode FCLEARG Price of a Mortgage Traded at a Discount or Premium 657.97 137.17777.61 312.00 300,000.00 Yield of a Mortgage Traded at a Discount or Premium252.00 210.00 096.57 12.11 Rent or Buy Decision258,377.24 18.00 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 000 001 002 003 004,44 005 006 007 RPN mode Registers Real Estate and Lending 270,000.00 165.00700.00 900.00 15,218.35 Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode YieldDeferred Annuities 46,048.61 12,831.75 600.00750.00 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 Investment AnalysisPartial-Year Depreciation Straight-Line Depreciation 033,44 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024025,43 026 027 028 029 030 031 032,44 037,43,33 036 037 038 039 040041,43,33 036,44 Investment Analysis 118,333.33 125,000.00666.67 123,333.33 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 730.00504.75 Declining-Balance Depreciation 029,44 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020021,43 022 023 024 025 026 027 028,44 034 035 036 037 038 039 040 034 035 036 50,000.00 Sum-of-the-Years-Digits Depreciation 11,458.33 035 036 037 038 039 040 018 019 020 021 022 023 024025,43,33 026 027 028 029 030 031 042 043 044 25n Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode FCLEARG 12000$500M Full- and Partial-Year Depreciation with Crossover ?-0 008 009 010 011008 009 010 011 012 013 014 041,44 042 032,43,33033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040,44 064,43,33 057,43,33058 059 060 061 062 063,44 094,43,33 080,44 081 082 083 084085,43,33 086 087 088 089 090 091 092 093 Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode FCLEAR H 11000 $ 804.69 375.00125.00 406.25 531.25 Excess Depreciation10,500.00 312.50 Modified Internal Rate of Return 775,797.83 Group # of Months Cash Flow $200,000.00 657,152.37 Black-Scholes Formula for Valuing European Options Keystrokes Display Keystrokes Display 075,44 076 077 078 065 066 067 068 069 070071,43,33,077 073,44 074 089,44 090 089 090 091092,44 093 094 095 096,44 097 098 099 Program Instructions 199113 114,44 115 116 117 118,43,33 71.15 52.0020.54 14.22 20.00 10.00 202 LeasingAdvance Payments Solving for Payment 000 001 Leasing11.64 64.45 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 66.86 65.43 600 P Solving for Yield57.00 23,200.00 Percentage 17.33002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 Annual yield as a ? t Keystrokes ALG mode017,45,43 19.48 Advance Payments With Residual 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030 520.81 15.0022,000.00 487.29 18.10 710.0034.00 213 Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode FCLEARG 25\ 25z 4nz¼Savings Nominal Rate Converted to Effective Rate 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 Savings002 003 004 005 006 007 008 ³ÞM¼ Effective Rate Converted to Nominal Rate 35 +Þ +5.35 ³Þ Keystrokes Display RPN mode ALG mode FCLEAR G N100 $Continuous Rate Converted to Effective Rate 105.35 217 Bonds30/360 Day Basis Bonds 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027029 030 031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038,43,33 041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 039 040 041 042 043 044 045 046Bonds 219 040,43,33 102.55 104.74 103.41 Annual Coupon Bonds 223 20 ?0 94.75 12.01Page Appendices 228 RPN and the Stack Appendix a RPN and the Stack Getting Numbers Into the Stack The Key Key Rearranging Numbers in the StackTermination of Digit Entry Stack Lift Mathematics Functions One-Number Functions and the StackTwo-Number Functions and the Stack Percentage Functions Register Calendar and Financial Functions Last X Register and the Key + 5 6 + Arithmetic Calculations with Constants 672,000.00 84,000168,000.00 336,000.00 237 Algebraic Mode ALG 532.50 Appendix B Algebraic Mode ALGKeying in Negative Numbers 18.5 § Key in ALG ModeHistory Stack in ALG Mode 400.43 737.07 8zgØ 1250+7b Percent of Total Power FunctionTo Calculate Keystrokes Display ALG mode 243 More About L Appendix C More About L 245 Error ConditionsError 0 Mathematics Error 4 Memory Error 1 Storage Register OverflowError 2 Statistics Error 3 IRR OperationCondition Error 5 Compound Interest Operation Condition Error 6 Storage RegistersError 7 IRR Pr Error Error 8 CalendarError 9 Service Simple Interest Formulas UsedPercentage Interest Compound Interest Appendix E Formulas Used Calendar Discounted Cash Flow Analysis 200 Bonds Depreciation DPN J Continuous Compounding Interest Rate ConversionsFinite Compounding Standard Deviation Weighted MeanStatistics Linear Estimation Rent or Buy Decision 259 Battery, Warranty, Service InformationBattery Low-Power Indication Installing a New Battery Appendix F Battery, Warranty, and Service Information Verifying Proper Operation Self-Tests Appendix F Battery, Warranty, and Service Information Warranty Service USA Regulatory Information Japan Temperature SpecificationsNoise Declaration Canada 267 United Kingdom CalculationsMortgages Appendix G United Kingdom Calculations Annual Percentage Rate APR Calculations 269 Statistics Function Key IndexFinancial Stack Rearrangement ModesMathematics Number Alteration 272 Pressed from Keyboard Run Mode Active KeysProgramming Key Index 274 Subject Index Subject Index Subject Index Subject Index Subject Index