error control: An algorithm used to detect and correct data transmission errors.

errored second: An item in performance measurement report, which pertains to a one second period with one or more errored blocks.

Ethernet address: Another name for MAC address.

Ethernet: A standard protocol (IEEE 802.3) for a 10-Mb/s baseband local area network (PAT) bus that supports high-speed communication among systems. It operates at the Physical Layer of the OSI Model.

ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

FCC: Federal Communications Commission of the United States.

filter: A configuration that stops the flow of certain types data frames.

firmware: Software that has been temporarily or permanently loaded into ROM.

flash memory: A type of RAM that retains its information, even after powering-down.

flow control: A process that uses buffers to stop and start the flow of data in a network to avoid losing data, and allow devices with different transmission schemes to communicate with each other.

FTP: File Transfer Protocol. A TCP/IP standard protocol for transferring files.

full-duplex:transmitting in two directions simultaneously.

G.991.2: An ITU-T specification for high speed DSL known as G.SHDSL.

G.DMT: Another name for the G.992.1 ITU specification.

G.lite: Another name for the G.992.2 ITU specification.

gateway: A communications device that connects two different networks.

header: The beginning of a frame or cell that contains management and addressing information.

hop: One point-to-point transmission in a series required to transmit a message between two hosts in a network.

host: An addressable computer connected to a network.

hub: A device that serves as the central location for attaching wires form workstations.

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