inter

 

 

8080Al8080A·118080A·2

 

 

 

 

Table 1. Pin Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

Symbol

 

Type

Name and Function

 

 

 

 

 

 

A1S;Ao

 

0

Address Bus: The address bus provides the address to memory (up to 64K 8-bit words) or denotes the I/O

 

 

 

 

device number for up to 256 input and 256 output devices. Ao is the least significant address bit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

DrDo

 

I/O

Data Bus: The data bus provides bi-directional communication betweeen the CPU, memory, and I/O

 

 

 

 

devices for instructions and data transfers. Also, during the first clock cycle of each machine cycle, the

 

 

 

 

8080A outputs a status word on the data bus that describes the current machine cycle. Do is the least

 

 

 

 

significant bit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

SYNC

 

0

Synchronizing Signal: The SYNC pin provides a signal to indicate the beginning of each machine cycle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

DBIN

 

0

Data Bus In: The DBIN signal indicates to external circuits that the data bus is in the input mode. This

 

 

 

 

signal should be used to enable the gating of data onto the 8080A data bus from memory or I/O.

 

 

 

 

 

 

READY

 

I

Ready: The READY signal indicates to the 8080A that valid memory or input data is available on the 8080A

 

 

 

 

data bus. This signal is used to synchronize the CPU with slower memory or I/O devices. If after sending

 

 

 

 

an address out the 8080A does not receive a READY input, the 8080Awill enter a WAITstate for as long as

 

 

 

 

the READY line is low. READY can also be used to single step the CPU.

 

WAIT

 

0

Wait: The WAIT signal acknowledges that the CPU is in a WAIT state.

 

WR

 

0

Write: The WR signal is used for memory WRITE or I/O output control. The data on the data bus is stable

 

 

 

 

while the WR signal is active low (WR = 0).

 

 

 

 

 

 

HOLD

 

I

Hold: The HOLD signal requests the CPU to enter the HOLD state. The HOLD state allows an external

 

 

 

 

 

 

device to gain control of the 8080A address and data bus as soon as the 8080A has completed its use of

 

 

 

 

these busses for the current machine cycle. It is recognized under the following conditions:

 

 

 

 

the CPU is in the HALT state.

the CPU is in the T2 or TW state and the READY signal is active. As a result of entering the HOLD state the CPU ADDRESS BUS (A1S-Ao) and DATA BUS (D7-DO) will be in their high impedance state. The CPU acknowledges its state with the HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE (HLDA) pin.

HLDA

0

 

Hold Acknowledge: The HLDA Signal appears in response to the HOLD signal and indicates that the data

 

 

 

and address bus will go to the high impedance state. The HLDA signal begins at:

 

 

 

• T3 for READ memory or input.

 

 

 

• The Clock Period following T3 for WRITE memory or OUTPUT operation.

 

 

 

In either case, the HLDA signal appears after the rising edge of cP2.

 

 

 

 

INTE

0

 

Interrupt Enable: Indicates the content of the internal interrupt enable flip/flop. This flip/flop may be set

 

 

 

or reset by the Enable and Disable Interrupt instructions and inhibits interrupts from being accepted by

 

 

 

the CPU when it is reset. It is automatically reset (disabling further interrupts) at time T1 of the instruction

 

 

 

fetch cycle (M1) when an interrupt is accepted and is also reset by the RESET signal.

 

 

 

 

INT

I

 

Interrupt Request: The CPU recognizes an interrupt request on this line at the end of the current

 

 

 

instruction or while halted. If the CPU is in the HOLD state or if the Interrupt Enable flip/flop is reset it will

 

 

 

not honor the request.

RESET1

I

 

Reset: While the RESETsignal is activated, the content of the program counter is cleared. After RESET,

 

 

 

the program will start at location 0 in memory. The INTE and HLDA flip/flops are also reset. Note that the

 

 

 

flags, accumulator, stack pOinter, and registers are not cleared.

 

 

 

 

Vss

 

 

Ground: Reference.

Voo

 

 

Power: +12 :+:5% Volts.

Vee

 

 

Power: +5 :+:5% Volts.

VSB

 

 

Power: -5 :+:5% Volts.

cP1, cP2

 

 

Clock Phases: 2 externally supplied clock phases. (non TTL compatible)

 

 

 

 

I

I

I

I,

I

6-2

AFN-00735C

Page 111
Image 111
Intel MCS-80/85 manual Inter

MCS-80/85 specifications

The Intel MCS-80/85 family, introduced in the late 1970s, is a seminal collection of microprocessors that played a pivotal role in the early days of computing. The MCS-80 series, initially targeting embedded systems and control applications, gained remarkable attention due to its innovative architecture and flexible programming capabilities.

The MCS-80 family is anchored by the 8080 microprocessor, which was one of the first fully integrated 8-bit microprocessors. Released in 1974, the 8080 operated at clock speeds ranging from 2 MHz to 3 MHz and featured a 16-bit address bus capable of addressing up to 64KB of memory. The processor’s instruction set included around 78 instructions, providing extensive capabilities for data manipulation, logic operations, and branching.

Complementing the 8080 was a suite of support chips, forming the MCS-80 platform. The most notable among them was the 8155, which integrated a static RAM, I/O ports, and a timer, tailored for ease of designing systems around the 8080. Other support chips included the 8085, which provided improvements with an integrated clock generator, making it compatible with more modern designs and applications.

The MCS-85 series, on the other hand, revolves around the 8085 microprocessor, which provided a more advanced architecture. The 8085 operated at clock speeds of up to 6 MHz and came with a 16-bit address bus, similar to its predecessor. However, it introduced more sophisticated features, including an enhanced instruction set and support for interrupt-driven programming. These enhancements made the 8085 especially appealing to developers working in real-time processing environments.

The MCS-80/85 family utilized NMOS technology, known for its lower power consumption and higher performance compared to previous technologies like TTL. The family’s architecture allowed for easy interfacing with a variety of peripherals, making it a favorite for educational institutions and hobbyists embarking on computer engineering projects.

With its robustness, versatility, and affordability, the Intel MCS-80/85 microprocessors laid the groundwork for many subsequent microcomputer systems and applications. The legacy of this powerful family continues to influence modern microprocessor design, emphasizing the importance of reliable architecture in a rapidly evolving technology landscape.