APPENDIX 1

AP.PLICATIONS OF MCS-85™

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION TO MCS-85™ APPLICATIONS

When the first microprocessor was introduced about five years ago, it was largely ignored by the electronics industry. However, since that in- asupicious beginning, this new device has become the hottest topic in current technology. As more and more product designers become familiar with the capabilities of microcom- puters, the number of new applications in- creases geometrically. In most of these applica- tions, the new technology has been used to replace designs which were formerly im- plemented with TTL logic and under-utilized minicomputers. However, an increasing number of products are surfacing which would have been impractical prior to the microcomputer era.

Microcomputers are being applied to a wide range of data communications tasks. The field of telephone equipment is being invaded by systems which control and monitor calls. Point of sale terminals are increasing daily with the addition of interface to coin changers, elec- tronic scales and remote computers. Small stand-alone computers are relying heavily upon microcomputers in teleprocessing, time- sharing, data base management and similar in- teractive applications. An increasing number of microcomputer-based data terminals are pro- viding local interactive intelligence with pro- grammable character sets, vector generation and the pre-processing of data.

Instrumentation is widely utilizing the micro- processor for a variety of control and arithmetic processing functions. Microcomputers are con- trolling laboratory equipment such as oscillo- scopes, DVM's,network analyzers and frequen- cy synthesizers. Medical electronics are crediting microcomputers with tasks such as patient monitoring, blood analysis and X-ray scanning. Travel is becoming microcomputer- ized by automotive control, air and ocean navigation equipment and rapid transit systems.

MeS-85™ SYSTEM

Many possible microcomputer applications have been overlooked because of the design tasks required to build the microcomputer. These tasks include the system clock, readl write memory, 110 ports, serial communications interface and bus control logic. The MCS-85 system will enable the design engineer to con- centrate on the application of the microcom- puter, rather than on the implementation details.

The MCS-85 is yet another family of com- ponents which has the potential to provide a solution to the three problems which will always plague designers: cost, size and power. The reduced component count of an MCS·85 microcomputer, coupled with the increased in- tegration of functions reduces both cost and size while increasing power.

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Intel MCS-80/85 manual Appendix AP.PLICATIONS of MCS-85
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MCS-80/85 specifications

The Intel MCS-80/85 family, introduced in the late 1970s, is a seminal collection of microprocessors that played a pivotal role in the early days of computing. The MCS-80 series, initially targeting embedded systems and control applications, gained remarkable attention due to its innovative architecture and flexible programming capabilities.

The MCS-80 family is anchored by the 8080 microprocessor, which was one of the first fully integrated 8-bit microprocessors. Released in 1974, the 8080 operated at clock speeds ranging from 2 MHz to 3 MHz and featured a 16-bit address bus capable of addressing up to 64KB of memory. The processor’s instruction set included around 78 instructions, providing extensive capabilities for data manipulation, logic operations, and branching.

Complementing the 8080 was a suite of support chips, forming the MCS-80 platform. The most notable among them was the 8155, which integrated a static RAM, I/O ports, and a timer, tailored for ease of designing systems around the 8080. Other support chips included the 8085, which provided improvements with an integrated clock generator, making it compatible with more modern designs and applications.

The MCS-85 series, on the other hand, revolves around the 8085 microprocessor, which provided a more advanced architecture. The 8085 operated at clock speeds of up to 6 MHz and came with a 16-bit address bus, similar to its predecessor. However, it introduced more sophisticated features, including an enhanced instruction set and support for interrupt-driven programming. These enhancements made the 8085 especially appealing to developers working in real-time processing environments.

The MCS-80/85 family utilized NMOS technology, known for its lower power consumption and higher performance compared to previous technologies like TTL. The family’s architecture allowed for easy interfacing with a variety of peripherals, making it a favorite for educational institutions and hobbyists embarking on computer engineering projects.

With its robustness, versatility, and affordability, the Intel MCS-80/85 microprocessors laid the groundwork for many subsequent microcomputer systems and applications. The legacy of this powerful family continues to influence modern microprocessor design, emphasizing the importance of reliable architecture in a rapidly evolving technology landscape.
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