Heat Dissipation, Shunt Considerations | Delta Tau 3Ax-602646-xUxx

Quad Amp Hardware Reference Manual

Heat Dissipation

The capability of the Quad Amplifier and the IGBT modules is based upon the heat they can dissipate; the more quickly heat can be removed from the IGBT module, the more current it can handle. Heat is created whenever an IGBT is turned on or off. These transitions are called switching losses. Whenever current is flowing, the switching losses represent a sizable and unavoidable part of the heat generated by the Quad Amplifier. Since the switching losses occur on transitions and the transitions are a function of frequency, a lower PWM frequency can mean a cooler amplifier capable of more power and a higher PWM frequency will result in more heat and less overall deliverable power to the motor.

Of course, simply lowering the PWM frequency will not produce optimal results on all motors. Low inductance motors, for instance, require a higher frequency. In addition, high frequency PWM can reduce velocity ripple on small motors. The choice of a PWM frequency is application dependent and entirely programmable on the Delta Tau Digital Amplifier. Similarly, this facility must be taken into consideration when choosing a power rating for your application.

Shunt Considerations

CAUTION:

The Quad Amplifier has an internal shunt regulator with dumping resistors. These are not sized for a particular load and may not be adequate for any particular application. These internal shunt resistors are nominally capable of dumping 25 amps at low duty cycle (<25%). If the application has a high duty cycle or requires more shunt dumping, an external shunt resistor will be necessary.

Depending upon the application, a shunt regulator is often necessary to dissipate the energy regenerated into the DC bus by the stored kinetic energy of the motor and reflected load, during deceleration. The components in the amplifier are rated for 410VDC/820VDC respectively. When the motor with load decelerates, it can act as a generator, pumping current back into the DC bus instead of from it, thereby raising the bus DC voltage. This problem is magnified for large spindle or high inertia applications that must be brought to a halt in a very short time. Care must be taken to see that DC bus voltage does not exceed 410VDC/820VDC. If DC bus voltage exceeds 410VDC/820VDC, nuisance over voltage may occur and the amplifier could be damaged.

To prevent this, the shunt should be able to draw as much current from the DC bus as the motors are capable of putting into it. The faster the motors are decelerated the greater the current. A spindle motor using 60 amps continuously will require a shunt that can dump at least that much current. Refer to the Delta Tau Soft Start and Shunt Resistor circuit board section of this manual for more information.

Theory of Operation

3Ax-602646-xUxx specifications

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