Cf

=

Feed Concentration

Cp

=

Permeate Concentration

Cc

=

Concentrate Concentration

Cavg

=

Average Concentration in Machine

1.1.10Salt (Ionic) Passage

Ionic Salt Passage equals the percent of dissolved salts passed through the mem- brane element or 100% minus rejection.

1.1.11Recovery

Recovery equals permeate rate divided by feed rate and is expressed as a per- centage. For example, 75% recovery means that out of a given feed rate, 75% is produced as purified water (permeate).

1.1.12Salt (Ionic) Rejection

Ionic Salt Rejection equals the percent of dissolved salt rejected by the membrane element, calculated from an average concentration over the membrane element.

An example of how to calculate salt rejection and recovery is below:

Figure 1.3

Principles of Operation

Given the system case in Figure 1.3:

Average Concentration (Cavg)

=

 

[(Cf) + (Cc)]

 

 

 

2

 

 

=

[(100 mg/L) + (375 mg/L)]

 

 

2

 

=

237.5 mg/L

3

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GE E4H-CE Series, E8-CE Series, 000 gpd to 288 manual Principles of Operation

000 gpd to 288, E4H-CE Series, E8-CE Series, 000 gpd specifications

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