Adaptive Lighting
This setting balances the relationship between bright and dark areas in a picture, preserving gentle contrasts while reducing harsh contrasts. When used with a flash, 
Adaptive Lighting can brighten areas that a flash wouldn’t reach. 
Adaptive Lighting is useful in situations like these:
•Outdoor scenes with a mixture of sun and shade
•High contrast scenes that contain both light and dark objects
•Indoor scenes that use flash photography (to soften or even out the effect of the flash)
•Backlit scenes where the subject is too far away for the flash to reach, or is severely backlit (for example, in front of a window)
Exposure Compensation
You can use 
Exposure Compensation to override the camera's automatic exposure setting. 
Exposure Compensation is useful in scenes that contain many light objects (like a white object against a light background) or many dark objects (like a black object against a dark background). Such scenes could turn out gray without the use of
Exposure Compensation. For a scene with many light objects, increase the 
Exposure Compensation to a positive number. For a scene with many dark objects,
decrease the 
Exposure Compensation.
TIP: To see the effect varying 
Exposure Compensation settings might have on a scene, use
Exposure Bracketing (see Exposure Bracketing under “Using the Picture Capture and Video Record menus” on page 17).
White Balance
Different lighting conditions cast different colors. This setting allows the camera to compensate for this, reproducing colors more accurately and ensuring that whites appear white in the final image. You can also adjust the white balance to produce creative effects. For example, the 
Sun setting produces a warmer look to the image.
ISO speed
This setting adjusts the sensitivity of the camera to light. When 
ISO Speed is set to the default Auto setting, the camera selects the best ISO speed for the scene.
Lower ISO speeds capture images with the least amount of grain (or noise), but result in slower shutter speeds. If taking a picture in low light conditions without a flash at 
ISO 100, use a tripod.
Higher ISO numbers allow faster shutter speeds, and can be used when taking pictures in dark areas without a flash, or when taking pictures of fast moving objects. Higher ISO speeds produce pictures with more grain (or noise) and, therefore, can be of lower quality.
Using the Picture Capture and Video Record menus | 21 |