80C186EA/80C188EA, 80L186EA/80L188EA

Table 3. Pin Descriptions (Continued)

 

 

 

 

 

Pin

Pin

Input

Output

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Description

 

 

 

Name

Type

Type

States

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A18:16

O

 

H(Z)

These pins provide multiplexed Address during the address

 

A19/S6 – A16

 

 

R(Z)

phase of the bus cycle. Address bits 16 through 19 are

 

(A19 – A8)

 

 

P(X)

presented on these pins and can be latched using ALE.

 

 

 

A18:16 are driven to a logic 0 during the data phase of the bus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cycle. On the 8-bit bus versions, A15 – A8 provide valid address

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

information for the entire bus cycle. Also during the data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

phase, S6 is driven to a logic 0 to indicate a CPU-initiated bus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cycle or logic 1 to indicate a DMA-initiated bus cycle or a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

refresh cycle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

S2:0

O

 

H(Z)

Bus cycle Status are encoded on these pins to provide bus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R(Z)

transaction information. S2:0 are encoded as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

S2

 

S1

 

S0

Bus Cycle Initiated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

0

 

0

 

 

Interrupt Acknowledge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

0

 

1

 

 

Read I/O

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

1

 

0

 

 

Write I/O

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

1

 

1

 

 

Processor HALT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

0

 

0

 

 

Queue Instruction Fetch

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

0

 

1

 

 

Read Memory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

0

 

 

Write Memory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 

Passive (no bus activity)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ALE/QS0

O

 

H(0)

Address Latch Enable output is used to strobe address

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R(0)

information into a transparent type latch during the address

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P(0)

phase of the bus cycle. In Queue Status Mode, QS0 provides

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

queue status information along with QS1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BHE

O

 

H(Z)

Byte High Enable output to indicate that the bus cycle in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

progress is transferring data over the upper half of the data

 

(RFSH)

 

 

R(Z)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P(X)

bus. BHE and A0 have the following logical encoding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A0

BHE

Encoding (For 80C186EA/80L186EA Only)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

0

 

 

Word Transfer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

1

 

 

Even Byte Transfer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

0

 

 

Odd Byte Transfer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

1

 

 

Refresh Operation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On the 80C188EA/80L188EA, RFSH is asserted low to

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

indicate a Refresh bus cycle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RD/QSMD

O

 

H(Z)

ReaD output signals that the accessed memory or I/O device

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R(WH)

must drive data information onto the data bus. Upon reset, this

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P(1)

pin has an alternate function. As QSMD, it enables Queue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Status Mode when grounded. In Queue Status Mode, the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ALE/QS0 and WR/QS1 pins provide the following information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

about processor/instruction queue interaction:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

QS1

 

QS0

 

Queue Operation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

0

 

 

No Queue Operation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

1

 

 

First Opcode Byte Fetched from the Queue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

1

 

 

Subsequent Byte Fetched from the Queue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

0

 

 

Empty the Queue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOTE:

Pin names in parentheses apply to the 80C188EA and 80L188EA.

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Intel 80L186EA, 80L188EA, 80C188EA, 80C186EA specifications ALE/QS0, Bhe, Rfsh, Rd/Qsmd, QS1 QS0

80L186EA, 80L188EA, 80C186EA, 80C188EA specifications

The Intel 80C188EA, 80C186EA, 80L188EA, and 80L186EA microprocessors represent significant developments in the realm of embedded computing during the 1980s. These processors are part of Intel's x86 architecture, designed to cater to a variety of industrial applications, including automotive and telecommunications.

The 80C188EA and 80C186EA are CMOS variants that offer enhanced power efficiency and reduced heat generation compared to their NMOS predecessors. Operating at clock speeds of up to 25 MHz, these processors are known for their performance in real-time applications. The 80C188EA features a 16-bit data bus and a 16-bit address bus, which can support up to 1 MB of addressable memory. It also boasts an extended instruction set for greater computing flexibility, making it suitable for intricate tasks in embedded systems.

Similarly, the 80C186EA is characterized by its 16-bit architecture, but it includes additional on-chip memory management capabilities. This processor can handle 256 KB of memory directly and supports paged memory management, facilitating efficient multitasking and resource sharing in complex applications. Its integrated DMA controller and interrupt controller allow for superior handling of peripheral devices, making it ideal for real-time processing requirements.

On the other hand, the 80L188EA and 80L186EA are low-power variants optimized for battery-operated designs. These microprocessors are tailored for applications where power consumption is critical. The 80L188EA retains the essential features of the 80C188EA but operates at lower voltage levels, thus allowing for longer operational life in portable devices. The 80L186EA similarly benefits from reduced power consumption, taking advantage of its energy-efficient design to enhance durability in industrial automation scenarios.

All four processors leverage Intel's established x86 architecture, enabling a wide range of software compatibility. Their built-in support for real-time interrupt handling and I/O operations provides developers with valuable tools for building reliable embedded systems. Additionally, they feature on-chip oscillators and timers, further streamlining design requirements and reducing the need for external components.

Overall, the Intel 80C188EA, 80C186EA, 80L188EA, and 80L186EA processors are ideal for diverse applications in embedded systems. Their blend of processing power, energy efficiency, and versatility continues to influence the design of modern electronic devices, underscoring Intel's pivotal role in advancing microprocessor technology.