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NETGEAR WGR614v7 manual 1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet, 2. Netmask Formats

Models: WGR614v7

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Table 7-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet

54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual

The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240.

Table 7-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet

Number of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value

1128

2192

3224

4240

5248

6252

7254

8255

The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the masklength formats.

Table 7-2. Netmask Formats

Dotted-Decimal Masklength

255.0.0.0/8

255.255.0.0/16

255.255.255.0 /24

255.255.255.128 /25

255.255.255.192 /26

255.255.255.224 /27

255.255.255.240 /28

255.255.255.248 /29

255.255.255.252 /30

255.255.255.254 /31

255.255.255.255 /32

Configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons:

B-6	Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics

April 2006

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NETGEAR WGR614v7 manual 1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet, 2. Netmask Formats, Dotted-Decimal Masklength

Contents

April 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualNETGEAR, Inc EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance Statement of ConditionsApril Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs Certificate of the Manufacturer/ImporterCustomer Support AprilProduct and Publication Details AprilModel Number WGR614v7Contents Configuring the Internet and Wireless SettingsChapter About This Manual ChapterChapter Content Filtering MaintenanceAdvanced Configuration of the Router ChapterTroubleshooting Technical SpecificationsChapter Appendix APreparing Your Network Appendix CApril Wireless Networking Basics ContentsAppendix D GlossaryContents AprilAudience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats Chapter About This Manualhttp//kbserver.netgear.com/products/WGR614v7.asp How to Use This Manual How to Print this Manual Printing a Page in the HTML ViewPrinting a Chapter Printing the Full ManualAbout This Manual 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualApril Key Features Chapter Introduction802.11g Wireless Networking A Powerful, True Firewall with Content FilteringAutosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink SecurityExtensive Protocol Support Easy Installation and Management Package Contents Maintenance and SupportFigure 2-1 WGR614v7 Front Panel The Router’s Front PanelStatus Light Descriptions AC power adapter outlet for 12 V DC @ 1A output, 22W maximum The Router’s Rear Panel4 3 2 Introduction 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualApril Chapter 3 Configuring the Internet and Wireless Settings Initial ConfigurationLogging Into Your Router 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Figure 3-3 Login result3. Click OK and the resulting window below appears AprilInternet Settings Changing Your ConfigurationBasic Settings, No Login For the most current documentation, go to http//kbserver.netgear.com/productsautomatic/WGR614v6.aspIf you have a cable modem, this is usually the Workgroup name Usually, select Use Default MAC Address Wireless Settings Wireless SettingsWireless Settings Wireless SettingsSecurity Options Default Factory Settings How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant NETGEAR Product Registration, Support, and Documentationhttp//kbserver.netgear.com/products/WGR614v6.asp http//kbserver.netgear.com/documentation/WGR614v6.asp54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Configuring the Internet and Wireless Settings3-12 AprilChapter Content Filtering Content Filtering OverviewBlocking Access to Internet Sites Blocking Access to Internet Services Configuring a User Defined Service Figure 4-3 Add Services menuScheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address RangeViewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications Turn e-mail notification on Chapter Maintenance Viewing Wireless Router Status Information54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Wireless Router Status FieldsApril Field54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Wireless Router Status Fields continuedFigure 5-2 Connection Status screen Connection Status Items54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Connection Status Items continuedFigure 5-3 Router Statistics screen Router Statistics ItemsConfiguration File Management Viewing a List of Attached DevicesRouter Statistics Items continued Figure 5-4 Attached Devices menuRestoring and Backing Up the Configuration Erasing the Configuration Upgrading the Router SoftwareChanging the Administrator Password Figure 5-7 Set Password menu 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Maintenance5-10 AprilChapter 6 Advanced Configuration of the Router Configuring Port TriggeringPort Triggering Timeout Configuring Port Forwarding to Local Servers 3. Click the Add button Adding a Custom Service Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding EntryLocal Web and FTP Server Example Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III ExampleConfiguring the WAN Setup Options Connect Automatically, as RequiredDisabling the SPI Firewall Setting Up a Default DMZ ServerResponding to Ping on Internet WAN Port Using the LAN IP Setup Options Setting the MTU SizeConfiguring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters Using the Router as a DHCP server Using Address Reservation Figure 6-7 Address Reservation menuUsing a Dynamic DNS Service Configuring Static Routes To add or edit a Static Route Enabling Remote Management Access To configure your router for Remote Management Using Universal Plug and Play UPnP Figure 6-12. UPnP MenuNote If you use applications such as multi-player gaming, peer-to-peer connections, real time communications such as instant messaging, or remote assistance a feature in Windows XP, you should enable UPnP 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Advanced Configuration of the Router6-20 AprilPower Light Not On Chapter TroubleshootingBasic Functioning Lights Never Turn Off LAN or WAN Port Lights Not OnTroubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface Troubleshooting the ISP Connection Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility Testing the LAN Path to Your RouterTesting the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device Restoring the Default Configuration and Password Problems with Date and TimePage Appendix A Technical Specifications Power AdapterPhysical Specifications Environmental SpecificationsWireless 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualApril What is a Router? Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and BasicsRelated Publications Basic Router ConceptsIP Addresses and the Internet Routing Information ProtocolThe five address classes are Class A Netmask Subnet AddressingFigure B-2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address Table 7-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Table 7-2. Netmask FormatsNumber of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value Dotted-Decimal MasklengthSingle IP Address Operation Using NAT Private IP AddressesMAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol Related Documents Domain Name ServerWhat is a Firewall? IP Configuration by DHCPInternet Security and Firewalls Denial of Service Attack Ethernet CablingStateful Packet Inspection Category 5 Cable Quality Inside Twisted Pair Cables54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Figure B-5 illustrates crossover twisted pair cableFigure B-4 Straight-Through Twisted-Pair Cable Figure B-5 Crossover Twisted-Pair CableUplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching Figure B-6 Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each EndThe wireless router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology also called MDI/MDIX. Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e.g. connecting to a computer or an uplink connection e.g. connecting to a router, switch, or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto UplinkTM will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual B-16Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics AprilComputer Network Configuration Requirements Appendix C Preparing Your NetworkWhat You Need To Use a Router with a Broadband Modem Cabling and Computer HardwareInternet Configuration Requirements Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters?Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking Record Your Internet Connection InformationConfiguring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking Install or Verify Windows Networking ComponentsIf you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps Choose Settings, and then Control Panel Locate your Network Neighborhood iconVerify the following settings as shown 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualClient for Microsoft Network exists Ethernet adapter is present TCP/IP is presentSelecting Windows’ Internet Access Method Verifying TCP/IP PropertiesConfiguring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking Install or Verify Windows Networking ComponentsDHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4Locate your Network Neighborhood icon Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appearsObtain an IP address automatically is selected Obtain DNS server address automatically is selectedDHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual C-16Preparing Your Network AprilVerifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 The TCP/IP Properties dialog box now displaysMacOS 8.6 or Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP NetworkingMacOS Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers What Is Your Configuration Information? Are Login Protocols Used?Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers mail.xxx.yyy.comObtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Restarting the NetworkApril 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual C-24Preparing Your Network AprilWireless Networking Overview Appendix D Wireless Networking BasicsInfrastructure Mode Ad Hoc Mode Peer-to-Peer Workgroup Authentication and WEP Data EncryptionNetwork Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID 802.11 Authentication Open System Authentication802.11b Authentication Open System Steps 802.11b Authentication Shared Key Steps 1. Do Not Use WEP The network uses Open SystemKey Size Example of Hexadecimal Key ContentTable D-1 Encryption Key SizesWireless Channels WEP Configuration OptionsWPA and WPA2 Wireless Security How Does WPA Compare to WEP? What are the Key Features of WPA and WPA2 Security? How Does WPA Compare to WPA2 IEEE 802.11i?The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite. Possible authentication methods include 802.1X and Pre-shared key. Pre-shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point. This obviates the need for an authentication server, which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable. Possible cipher suites include WEP, TKIP, and AES Advanced Encryption Standard. We talk more about TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below Wireless LAN Wired Network with Optional 802.1x Port Based Network Access ControlLogin Authentication Figure 4-3 WPA/WPA2 Overview2. The access point replies with an EAP-request identity message WPA/WPA2 Data Encryption Key Management Michael Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIPAES Support for WPA2 Is WPA/WPA2 Perfect? Product Support for WPA/WPA2Changes to Wireless Access Points The WPA/WPA2 two-phase authenticationChanges to Wireless Network Adapters The WPA/WPA2 two-phase authenticationChanges to Wireless Client Programs 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual GlossaryGlossary April54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Access Point APApril 802.11e Standard54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Ad-Hoc modeBluetooth Wireless Technology April54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual CSMA-CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision AvoidanceCSMA-CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual DNS Domain Name ServiceEnterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x and EAP April54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Hot Spot also referred to as Public Access LocationInfrastructure mode AprilPhysical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference ManualApril 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual AprilMultiple Input Multiple Output MIMO NAT Network Address Translation54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Rogue Access PointApril Plug and Play54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual SwitchApril Satellite broadband54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual AprilTCP/IP TKIP54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual WEP Wired Equivalent PrivacyWi-Fi Wireless Fidelity April54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Wi-Fi Protected Access WPAWi-Fi Protected Access and IEEE 802.11i Comparison Wi-Fi Protected Access for the Enterprise54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 Reference Manual Wi-Fi Protected Access for Public AccessWi-Fi Protected Access in Mixed Mode Deployment Wireless Multimedia WMM