Appendixes
1-103
GlossaryGlossary
A-roll edit
An edit using one player and one recorder for basic cut editing.
A/B roll edit
An edit using two players and one recorder, to permit special effects such as mix and wipe.
B–Y signal
A color difference signal. The blue signal minus the Y signal.
Background picture
In animation effects, the picture into which the foreground picture is inserted. In transition effects, the picture that is replaced as the effect progresses (FROM picture). The picture selected with the BACKGROUND bus buttons.
Background through mode In the
Black burst
A sync signal composed of composite sync and burst signals.
Bus
An internal signal path. Signals selected for input to the bus are passed on to the next process.
Chroma
In colors, hue and saturation.
Chroma key
Key effect in which a particular color (usually a highly saturated blue) is used to cut holes in a background picture.
Color bar
A test signal displayed on a monitor screen as vertical stripes of different colors, used to adjust hue and saturation.
Color matte
An internally generated color signal with adjustable hue, saturation, and luminance.
Component signal
Video signal containing separate luminance (Y) and color difference
Composite signal
Video signal containing video, color burst, and sync signals.
Cross-point
An electronic switch where video signal lines cross. When the switch is closed, usually by pressing a button, multiple input signals and one or more output signals are allowed to pass.
Cut
An instantaneous switch from one picture to another, or the instantaneous insertion or deletion of a key signal.
Downstream key (DSK) Effect used to superimpose characters or graphics over output signals. Called downstream key because superimposing takes place in the final stages of processing after other effects have been applied. Requires a key source signal to define the outlines of the characters or graphics, and a key fill signal to fill the outlines. See also “title key”.
Editing control unit
A video editor with functions for remote control of VTRs, video switchers, audio switchers, and other video editing equipment.
Field
In the NTSC color television system, 262.5 horizontal scanning lines. Odd lines are scanned for the first field before returning to the top of the screen to scan even lines. A frame is composed of two fields: the odd and even fields.
Foreground picture
In animation effects, the picture inserted into the background picture. In transition effects, the picture left on the screen after the effect finishes (TO picture). The picture selected with the FOREGROUND bus buttons.
Frame
Two fields, containing all the information in a complete picture.
Frame synchronizer
A device used to bring the timing of unsynchronized video into conformance with a local reference signal.
Gen-lock
To synchronize output signals to an external sync signal.
GPI
Abbreviation of general purpose interface. An interface used to carry out remote control from editing control units lacking a formal interface.
Hue
The attribute of colors that allows them to be classified as red, green, blue, and so on. Red and pink have the same hue, but different saturations.
Key clip
In luminance keys, to specify a reference luminance level. The part of the signal above the reference level is used as the key source signal. See also “key source”.
Key fill
A signal used to fill the hole cut with the key source signal.
Key frame
User program effect data which defines the effect at a specific point. User program effects are made up of sequentially executed key frames.
Key gain
The sensitivity of circuits, which can be adjusted with the switcher’s key gain control. This is done to obtain the desired blurring of key edges.
Key invert
In luminance key, to reverse the polarity of a key source signal so that the hole is cut with the darker part of the signal.
Key mask
To hide part of a title key or downstream key signal so that only the desired part is used.
Key source
A signal used to cut a hole in a background picture for insertion of a key fill signal.
Luminance key
Key effect in which a luminance signal is used to define the outlines of characters or graphics.
Luminance signal
The part of a video signal that carries brightness information. Also called the Y signal.
Mix
Effect in which one signal fades in while another fades out. Also called dissolve.
Pre-read editing
A/B roll editing using the output (playback) of the recorder VTR and a player VTR.
Preroll
Running a videotape a certain distance before the edit IN point in order to bring the tape to a steady speed and synchronize it with other tapes.
Postroll
Running a videotape a certain distance past the edit OUT point in order to monitor the video that follows.
R–Y signal
A color difference signal. The red signal minus the Y signal.
RGB signal
A signal format in which red, green, and blue signals are transmitted separately. A separate sync signal may be sent, or the sync signal can be added to the green signal. The
Saturation
The extent to which a color has been diluted by white. Pure red is fully saturated, while pink is diluted.
SDI
A serial component digital signal.
S-video signal
A video signal with separate luminance (Y) and chrominance
(C)components. As opposed to composite video,
Snapshot |
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Data containing the settings of |
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specific controls on the control |
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panel. Snapshots can be saved and |
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recalled to restore the control panel | Appendixes |
Subcarrier (SC) | |
to a desired state. |
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The part of a video signal that |
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carries color information. The |
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amplitude represents saturation, |
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and the relative phase against the |
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color burst signal represents hue. |
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Also called the color subcarrier. |
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Title key |
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Effect used to superimpose |
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foreground characters or graphics |
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on a background. Requires a key |
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source signal to define the outlines |
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of the characters or graphics, and a |
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key fill signal to fill the outlines. |
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See also “downstream key”. |
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Transition |
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A period during which one picture |
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is replaced by another, or a period |
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during which a key is inserted or |
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deleted. |
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Wipe |
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A transition effect in which one |
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picture moves in to replace |
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another. Often the new picture |
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appears as a geometrical shape |
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such as a circle or star. |
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YUV signal |
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An analog component signal, |
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consisting of a luminance (Y) |
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signal, a color difference signal U |
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V |
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