TypographicConventions

Thefollowing table describes the typographic changes that are used in this book.

TABLEP–3 TypographicConventions
Typeface Meaning Example
AaBbCc123 Thenames of commands, les, and
directories,and onscreen computer
output
Edityour .login le.
Usels -a to list all les.
machine_name% you have mail.
AaBbCc123 Whatyou type, contrasted with onscreen
computeroutput
machine_name%su
Password:
AaBbCc123 Aplaceholder to be replaced with a real
nameor value
Thecommand to remove a le is rm lename.
AaBbCc123 Booktitles, new terms, and terms to be
emphasized(note that some emphasized
itemsappear bold online)
ReadChapter 6 in the User's Guide.
Acacheis a copy that is stored locally.
Donot save the le.
SymbolConventions

Thefollowing table explains symbols that might be used in this book.

TABLEP–4 SymbolConventions
Symbol Description Example Meaning
[] Containsoptional arguments
andcommand options.
ls [-l] The-l option is not required.
{|} Containsa set of choices for a
requiredcommand option.
-d {y|n} The-d option requires that you use
eitherthe yargument or the n
argument.
${ } Indicatesa variable
reference.
${com.sun.javaRoot} Referencesthe value of the
com.sun.javaRootvariable.
- Joinssimultaneous multiple
keystrokes.
Control-A Pressthe Control key while you press
theA key.
+ Joinsconsecutivemultiple
keystrokes.
Ctrl+A+N Pressthe Control key, release it, and
thenpress the subsequent keys.
Preface
21