Server command lines | Sybase 12.4.2 specification

Server command lines

•Start the server and the sample database with a Sybase-provided configuration file. See “Starting the asiqdemo database” on page 47.

•Place a server startup command in a shortcut or desktop icon.

•Include a server startline in an ODBC data source. See “Creating and editing ODBC data sources” on page 65.

•Include a server startline in a utility command.

•Issue a SQL command from Interactive SQL to start an additional server. See “Starting a server from DBISQL” on page 40.

Note If you will be using remote data access capabilities to insert data from other databases or to issue queries to other databases, see the Adaptive Server IQ Release Bulletin for Windows NT for special startup requirements.

Server command lines

The general form for the server command line is as follows:

asiqsrv12 [ server-switches] [ database-file[ database-switches], ...]

The elements of this command line are as follows:

•server-switchesinclude the database server name and other options that control the behavior of the server, for all databases that are running on that server.

•database-fileis the file name of the Catalog Store. You can omit this option, or enter one or more database file names on the command line. Each of these databases is loaded and available for applications. If the starting directory contains the database file, you do not need to specify the path; otherwise, you must specify the path. If you do not specify a file extension in database-file, the extension .db is assumed.

•database-switchesare options that you can specify for each database file you start, that control certain aspects of its behavior.

In examples throughout this chapter where there are several command-line options, we show them for clarity on separate lines, as they could be written in a configuration file. If you enter them directly on a command line, you must enter them all on one line (that is, without any carriage returns).

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Sybase 12.4.2 manual Server command lines, General form for the server command line is as follows

Contents

Administration and Performance Guide Adaptive Server IQ Document ID Contents Contents 103 100101 104 135 Contents Deleting views 131 Views in the system tables132 138 Vii Viii 273 Using cursors on Select statements in procedures 253255 277 299 Contents Referential integrity is unenforced 284285 309 352 323339 Managing User IDs and Permissions Xii Xiii 459 448454 467 479 473476 481 Xvi How to use this book AudienceXvii Related documents Guide to using this book To learn how to Read this chapterRelated documents Documentation for Adaptive Server IQ About This Book Xix Related documents Overview of IQ system administration Introduction to Adaptive Server IQ System administration tasks System administration tasks Overview of Adaptive Server IQ System Administration Administrative tasksSecurity overview Types of users Tools for system administrationTools for system administration Granting permissions Database server Catalogs and IQ Temporary Store Adaptive Server Anywhere and Adaptive Server IQIQ Store Catalog Store Stored procedures Concurrent operations Adaptive Server IQ stored procedures Stored procedures Adaptive Server Enterprise system and catalog procedures Stored Procedures for the IQ Store Procedure name Purpose Adaptive Server Enterprise system procedures System procedure Description Catalog procedure Description Catalog stored proceduresAdaptive Server Enterprise catalog procedures Procedure name Purpose System tables and views System tables and viewsSystem table Description Sysdomain Syslogin System view Description Sysuserauth Types of SQL statements Commands and FunctionsCommands and Functions Functions Message logging Manipulate date and time data for example, TODAY, DatediffFourth line of the file contains version information Utility database Utility database Compatibility with earlier versions Compatibility with earlier versions Starting the database server Server command lines Server command linesGeneral form for the server command line is as follows Starting the server on Unix Running Adaptive Server IQ Using the startup utility To start the server on Unix using the startup utilityStarting the server on Unix Typing the server startup command Starting the server on Windows NT Starting the server from the NT Start menuStarting the server on Windows NT Running the server outside the current session Using command-line switches Using command-line switchesRunning the server as a Windows NT service Running the Unix database server as a daemon Case sensitivity Using configuration files Elora 16M Tcpipport=2367 -gm Gp 4096 path\mydb.db Window Naming the server and databasesRequired if you do not supply a database Database started Sample database on that server Controlling performance from the command line Setting memory switches Use Default value of -iqgovernis 2 x the number of CPUs +10This switch as the number of megabytes of wired memory Concurrent user connections on a particular server Setting switches that affect timing Controlling permissions from the command line Other performance-related switches Setting a maximum Catalog page size Setting up a client/server environment Selecting communications protocols Limiting inactive connections Server from Dbisql Starting a server in forced recovery modeStarting a server from Dbisql Connections, and Catalog page size Capture server activity in a log file Monitoring server activityStarting multiple servers or clients on the same machine Log file name has this format Monitoring server activity Stopping the database server Stopping the database server PID Following example stops a server from Dbisql Who can stop the server?Shutting down operating system sessions Will be stopped even if there are connections to it Starting and stopping databases Starting and stopping databases From a command line, type the following command Command that executes when you perform these steps isStarting the asiqdemo database Starting and stopping Sybase Central Starting and stopping Sybase Central Connecting a plug-in Connecting to a plug-in Introduction to connections Stopping Sybase CentralIntroduction to connections How connections are established If you want Consider reading Following form Connection parameters specify connectionsConnection parameters are passed as connection strings This is equivalent to the following connection string Simple connection examples If you need to start the sample database, enter Connecting to a database from DbisqlSimple connection examples To connect from a Unix system To connect from a Windows NT system Connecting to other databases from Dbisql PasswordEnter the user ID Connecting to an embedded database Start Dbisql by typing at a system command promptTo connect to a database from Dbisql on Unix Extra cache needed for Java To connect to an embedded database from Dbsql in Windows NT Connecting using a data source To connect using a data source Connecting to a server on a network Using default connection parameters You may connect to the wrong server Connecting from Adaptive Server IQ utilitiesNamed server, using the default database Database Working with Odbc data sources DSNs and FILEDSNs Working with Odbc data sources Creating and editing Odbc data sources To create an Odbc User Data Source Creating and editing Odbc data sourcesYou could also use the host network address. For example To test an Odbc Data Source Configuring Odbc data sources Odbc tab Prevent Driver Not Capable errors Login tab Database tabSelecting this Network tab Advanced tab Name of the file Enter any additional switches hereCreating a File Data Source Which the debugging information is to be saved Using Odbc data sources on Unix Using Odbc data sources on Unix Connection parameters Short Parameter Form Argument Description Connection parameters Or NO, OFF, 0, or False if false Not supported in Odbc connectionsParameters Connection parameters and their values are case insensitive Connection parameter priorities Specify database files using DBFSpecify database names using DBN Use the Start parameter to specify cache size How Adaptive Server IQ makes connections Steps in establishing a connection Locating the interface library How Adaptive Server IQ makes connectionsUnix dblib6 with an operating system-specific extension AutoStop Ignored if the database is already loaded Assembling a list of connection parametersConnection file Parameter Is already running Locating a server Ways by supplying network communication parameters How Adaptive Server IQ makes connections Locating the database Server name caching for faster connections Connecting from other databases Interactive SQL connections Using an integrated login Using an integrated login Using integrated logins Enabling the integrated login featureTo use an integrated login Creating an integrated login To map an integrated login from Sybase CentralTo map an integrate login using a SQL statement Connecting from a client application Following Dbisql statementCan connect to a database if all the following are true Security concerns unrestricted database access Setting temporary public options for added security Network aspects of integrated logins Creating a default integrated login user Troubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections What to do if you can’t start Adaptive Server IQEnsure that your files are valid Ensure that network communication software is running Debugging network communications startup problemsTroubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections Check environment variables What to do if you can’t connect to a database Resolving problems with your Dbisql window on Unix Stopping a database server in an emergency Unix Running Adaptive Server IQ Troubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections Building Your Adaptive Server IQ Databases Designing your database Building Your Adaptive Server IQ Databases Using Sybase Central to work with database objectsTools for working with database objects 100 Working with Database Objects Step-by-step overview of database setupUsing Dbisql to work with database objects 101 To set up an IQ database Scheduling data definition tasks102 Extending data definition privileges 103 Selecting a device type Allocating space for databases104 Estimating space and dbspaces required 105 Working with databases Working with databases106 Creating a database 107 108 109 110 Choosing an IQ page size 111 Specifying the size of your database Choosing a Catalog page size112 IQ Store size is 8MB and the Temporary Store is 4MB Choosing a block size for your databaseEnabling Java in the database 113 Adding dbspaces 114 115 To create a dbspace in Sybase Central Dropping dbspaces 116 ======================================================= 117 Creating tables Working with tablesDropping a database Working with tables 119 Types of tables 120 Automatic index creation for IQ tables Table placementType of table Permitted placement Default placement 121 See the following table for implications of IQ Unique Optimizing storage and query performanceData type of the column and its width 122 Altering tables 123 Dropping tables 124To drop a table in Sybase Central Creating primary and foreign keys 125To create a primary key in Sybase Central 126 127 Working with viewsTable information in the system tables To create an unenforced foreign key in Sybase Central Definition in the database system tables Creating viewsWorking with views 128 Using views 129To create a view in Sybase Central An existing view definition Modifying viewsPermissions on views Alter View statement maintains the permissions on the view Deleting views Views in the system tables131 Working with indexes Working with indexesIntroduction to indexes 132 Creating indexes Indexes in the system tables133 Removing indexes 134 Indexing Overview of indexesAdaptive Server IQ index types 135 Overview of indexes 136 Benefits over traditional indexes Adaptive Server IQ Indexes137 Creating Adaptive Server IQ indexes Creating Adaptive Server IQ indexesCreate Index statement Region column of the salesorder table 139 Creating an index with Sybase CentralCreating indexes concurrently To create an index with Sybase Central Choosing an index type Choosing an index type140 Number of unique values in the index Types of queries141 142 Query type/indexType of Query Usage Recommended Index Type Data types in the index Only the default index supports the following data typesIndexing criteria disk space usage 143 Adaptive Server IQ index types Adaptive Server IQ index typesCombining index types 144 Projections on few rows Default column indexLowFast LF index type Recommended use Comparison with other indexes HighGroup HG index typeAdvantages and disadvantages of LowFast Additional indexes 147 Advantages and disadvantages of HighGroupAutomatic creation of HighGroup index HG advantages/disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages HighNonGroup HNG index type Advantages and disadvantages of HighNonGroup148 HighGroup index is also appropriate for an HNG column Optimizing performance for ad hoc joinsComparison to other indexes 149 Selecting an index 150Criteria to identify Index to select Join indexes improve query performance Using join indexesAdding column indexes after inserting data 151 Relationships in join indexes When a join becomes ad hocHow join indexes are used for queries Join hierarchy overview Columns in the join index 153 Join hierarchy in query resolution One-to-many relationship154 155 Custid Lname Multiple table joins and performance 156 Steps in creating a join index 157 Synchronizing join indexes Privileges needed to create a join index158 Defining join relationships between tables Performance hints for synchronization159 Using foreign references Examples of join relationships in table definitions160 Specifying the join type when creating a join index Specifying relationships when creating a join index161 Parameters of this command are Issuing the Create Join Index statement162 163 164 Creating a join index in Sybase CentralTypes of join hierarchies To add a join index in Sybase Central Linear joins Star joins165 You can create this table using the following commands Another table166 Modifying tables included in a join index 167 Inserting or deleting from tables in a join index 168 Table versioning controls access to join indexes Estimating the size of a join index169 Estimating the size of a join index 170 Databases Import and export overviewImport and export methods 171 172 Input and output data formatsImport and export overview File Format Description Specifying an output format for Interactive SQL Scheduling database updatesPermissions for modifying data Moving Data In and Out of Databases Exporting data from a database Using output redirectionExporting data from a database 174 Bulk loading data using the Load Table statement Null value output175 Format ’ascii’ ’binary’ Delimited by string Bulk loading data using the Load Table statement176 Quotes on OFF Escapes on OFF Escape Character character 177 Binary with Null Byte Prefix 1 2 4 ’delimiter-string’ 178 179 180 Preview on OFF ROW Delimited by ’delimiter-string’ 181Block Factor number Block Size number Start ROW ID number Endian platforms like DEC ALPHA, and Windows NT On default is NATIVE. You can also specifySpecifies the byte ordering during reads. This Here is a Windows NT example Options work together Table. The default is 0 for no limitSpecifies the maximum number of rows to insert into 183 184 With the Limit option, and takes precedence over it Following Windows NT example sets the column delimiter forCarriage return \x0d 185 186 This message displays memory usage information Interpreting notification messagesMemory message 187 Main buffer cache activity message Main IQ Store blocks messagesIQ Temporary Store blocks message 188 These lines display information about the Temp buffer cache Temporary buffer cache messageControlling message logging See the description for the Main buffer cache message above Inserting specified values row by row Using the Insert statementUsing the Insert statement 190 Following example adds 1995-06-09 into the lshipdate column Inserting selected rows from the databaseComplete description of Adaptive Server IQ data types Into the lorderkey column in the lineitem table Inserting from a different database Inserting selected rows from the database192 193 Issue a Commit to commit the insertLineitem table in the current database To insert data directly from Adaptive Server Enterprise 194 Importing data interactively Inserting into tables of a join index195 Inserting into primary and foreign key columns Inserting into primary and foreign key columns196 Partial-width insertions 197 Partial-width insertion rules Partial-width insertions198 Instead of the correct number QueryAdditional columns 199 Start ROW ID option in the second Load Table statement 200 Index 201 Converting data on insertion Converting data on insertion202 203 204 Inserting data from pre-Version 12 Adaptive Server IQLoad conversion options Conversion options for loading from flat files Data conversions in IQ 205 206 IQ conversions for comparison operations 207 IQ conversions for arithmetic operations Column width issues Using the Ascii conversion option208 209 Specifying the Date Format Date OptionSubstitution of Null or blank characters 210 211 Setting Year specified as Years assumed Datetime conversion option212 Specifying the format for Datetime conversions 213 214 Formatting times10 Datetime format options Where Blanks indicates that blanks convert to Nulls Working With Nulls215 Other factors affecting the display of data Other factors affecting the display of data216 Matching Adaptive Server Enterprise data types Unsupported Adaptive Server Enterprise data types217 Adaptive Server Enterprise data type equivalents Matching Adaptive Server Enterprise data types218 13 Character data types 219Adaptive Server Adaptive Server IQ Enterprise Datatype Adaptive Server Enterprise Datatype IQ Datatype Handling conversion errors on data import 22015 DATE/TIME data types Optimizing for the number of distinct values Tuning bulk loading of dataImproving load performance during database definition Creating indexes Tuning bulk loading of data Setting server startup optionsAdjusting your environment at load time Adding dbspaces Reducing Main IQ Store space use in incremental loads 223 Changing data using Update Changing data using Update224 Deleting data 225 Importing data by replication Importing data by replication226 227 228 Statements, are also available in batches Overview of proceduresAdaptive Server IQ 229 Benefits of procedures Benefits of proceduresIntroduction to procedures 230 Creating procedures Using Procedures and Batches231 Introduction to procedures Calling proceduresDropping procedures 232 Permissions to execute procedures Returning procedure results in parameters233 Returning procedure results in result sets 234Employee ID Salary Introduction to user-defined functions Creating user-defined functions235 236 Calling user-defined functionsIntroduction to user-defined functions Fullname empfname, emplname Following statement revokes permission to use the function Dropping user-defined functionsPermissions to execute user-defined functions 237 Introduction to batches Introduction to batches238 Control statements 239Dbisql and batches 240 Using compound statementsControl statements Control statement Syntax Declarations in compound statements 241 Atomic compound statements 242 Structure of procedures SQL statements allowed in procedures243 Declaring parameters for procedures Structure of procedures244 Or as follows Passing parameters to proceduresPassing parameters to functions 245 Returning results from procedures Returning results from proceduresReturning a value using the Return statement 246 Returning results as procedure parameters 247 CustomerID parameter is declared as an in parameter. This Declared in the procedure argument listShow the number of orders placed by the customer with ID Orders variable that is returned to the calling environment Returning result sets from procedures 249 Procedure Returning multiple result sets from proceduresReturning variable result sets from procedures 250 Using cursors in procedures 251 Cursor positioning Using cursors in proceduresCursor management overview 252 Using cursors on Select statements in procedures 253 254 Errors and warnings in procedures 255 Default error handling in procedures Errors and warnings in procedures256 257 Error handling with on Exception Resume 258 259 On Exception Resume Begin Default handling of warnings in procedures 260 Using exception handlers in procedures 261 262 Nested compound statements and exception handlers 263 Using the Execute Immediate statement in procedures Following statement executes the InnerProc procedure264 Check if you need to change the command delimiter Transactions and savepoints in proceduresSome tips for writing procedures 265 Specifying dates and times in procedures Remember to delimit statements within your procedureUse fully-qualified names for tables in procedures Some tips for writing procedures Verifying procedure input arguments Statements allowed in batches267 Calling external libraries from procedures Using Select statements in batches268 Creating procedures and functions with external calls 269 External function declarations Following form for Microsoft Visual C++270 How parameters are passed to the external function 271 Special considerations when passing character types 272 Data integrity overview How data can become invalid273 Integrity constraints belong in the database Data integrity overview274 How database contents get changed Data integrity tools SQL statements for implementing integrity constraints 276 Using table and column constraints Using Unique constraints on columns or tables277 Using table and column constraints Using IQ Unique constraint on columnsUsing Check conditions on columns 278 Column Check conditions from user-defined data types Option279 Modifying and deleting Check conditions Using Check conditions on tablesWorking with column constraints in Sybase Central 280 Declaring entity and referential integrity 281 Enforcing entity integrity If a client application breaches entity integrity282 Primary keys enforce entity integrity Declaring referential integrity283 How you define foreign keys Referential integrity is unenforced284 Integrity rules in the system tables 285 Integrity rules in the system tables 286 Introduction to transactions Performance and other aspects of database administrationOverview of transactions and versioning Transactions are logical units of work Completing transactions Using transactionsStarting transactions Overview of transactions and versioning Transactions and Versioning Options in DbisqlCommitting a transaction writes data to disk 289 How concurrency works in IQ Introduction to concurrencySubdividing transactions 290 Introduction to versioning Concurrency for backupsWhy concurrency benefits you Concurrency and IQ Multiplex Table-level versioning One writer and multiple readers at the table level292 293 Only one writer at a time Multiple writers and readers in a database 294 Transactions use committed data 295 Timing of commits on read transactions affects versions 296 Hold cursors span transactions 297 How Adaptive Server IQ keeps track of versions Versioning of temporary tables298 Locks for DML operations Versioning prevents inconsistenciesHow locking works 299 Locks for DDL operations How locking works300 301 Isolation levels Isolation levelsPrimary keys and locking 302 Checkpoints, savepoints, and transaction rollback 303 Checkpoints Checkpoints aid in recoveryWhen checkpoints occur Checkpoints, savepoints, and transaction rollback Savepoints within transactions Releasing savepoints305 Naming and nesting savepoints Rolling back to a savepointAutomatic and user-defined savepoints Following scenario What causes a rollback System recoveryRolling back transactions Effect of rollback How transaction information aids recovery 308 Performance implications 309 Overlapping versions and deletions Performance implications310 Cursors in transactions 311 Cursor scrolling Cursors and versioningCursor sensitivity Cursors in transactions Positioned operations Cursor command syntax and examplesHold cursors Controlling message logging for cursors 314 Introduction to international languages and character sets Adaptive Server IQ international featuresInstallation to handle international language issues 315 Introduction to international languages and character sets Using the default collationCharacter set questions and answers 316 International Languages and Character Sets Understanding character sets in softwarePieces in the character set puzzle 317 Language issues in client/server computing 318Database server software messages Applications can cause Code pages in Windows and Windows NT 319 Ansi and OEM code pages in Windows and Windows NT 320 Multibyte character sets 321 First-byte collation orderings for multibyte character sets Sorting characters using collationsInternational aspects of case sensitivity 322 Case insensitivity of identifiers Understanding localesIntroduction to locales 323 Understanding the locale language Understanding locales324 Understanding the locale character set 325Alternative Language label Label ISO639 language code Equivalent Iana labels and a description 326Character set Label Iana label Description 327 Understanding the locale collation label Setting the Sqllocale environment variableUnderstanding collations Displaying collations 329 Supplied collationsFollowing collations are supplied with Adaptive Server IQ Collation Label Type Description 330 Ansi or OEM? 331 332 333 334 335 Character translation for database messages Using multibyte collationsUnderstanding character set translation Understanding character set translation 337 To use character translation for database messages Connection strings and character sets Avoiding character-set translation338 Collation internals 339Language Character set Collation internals Comment linesTitle line 340 Following are some sample lines for a collation Specification DescriptionCollation sequence section 341 Following is part of the Shift-JIS collation file Encodings sectionThat will be sorted together 342 Properties section 343 To configure your character set environment Finding the default collationConfiguring your character set environment International language and character set tasks 345 You can determine locale information using system functionsDetermining locale information To determine the locale of a database server Your current machine Setting localesCreating a database with a named collation 346 List the supplied collation sequences 347 To enable character-set translation on a database server Starting a database server using character set translationUsing Odbc code page translation Or on Unix Set the Dbisql option CHAROEMTranslation to a value of OFF Character set translation for Sybase Central and DbisqlCreating a custom collation 349 350 351 Compatibility issuesCreating a database with a custom collation To create a database with a custom collation Performance issues Performance issues352 An overview of database permissions Manage user IDs353 DBA authority overview An overview of database permissions354 Table and views permissions overview Resource authority overviewOwnership permissions overview Managing User IDs and Permissions Managing individual user IDs and permissions Group permissions overview356 Creating new users Changing a passwordWith the following command 357 Granting DBA and resource authority 358 Granting permissions on tables and views 359 360 Granting users the right to grant permissionsContext of groups in Permissions of groups To grant user permission on tables in Sybase Central Granting permissions on procedures To grant user permissions on procedures in Sybase Central361 Revoking user permissions 362 Creating groups To create a group with a name and passwordManaging groups 363 364 Granting group membership to usersManaging groups To create a group in Sybase Central Permissions of groups Referring to tables owned by groups365 Groups without passwords 366 Database object names and prefixes Special groups367 Database object names and prefixes 368 Using views and procedures for extra security Following command will now work369 Using views for tailored security Using views and procedures for extra security370 Using procedures for tailored security Grant permission for the Sales Manager to examine this view371 How user permissions are assessed How user permissions are assessedManaging the resources connections use Be modified is strictly defined Temporary Store 373 Limits the number of prepared Users and permissions in the system tablesUsers and permissions in the system tables 374 Default Contents Views Default Contents375 376 Backup protects your data 377 Backing up your database Types of backupsData in backups Backing up your database Transaction log in backup, restore, and recovery Backup and Data Recovery379 Tape backup requirements Distribution of backup dataDisk backup requirements Selecting archive devices Rewinding tapes Preparing for backupObtaining DBA privileges 381 You can run Backup in two ways Retaining old disk backupsTwo ways to run Backup Estimating Media Capacity To back up an IQ database, use the following syntax Concurrency and backupsBackup statement 383 Specifying archive devices Specifying the type of backupSpecifying operator presence 384 385 386 387 Waiting for Tape Devices Backup ExamplesOther backup options 388 Recovery attempts Recovery from errors during backupChecking for backup space 389 Do not specify the Stacker or Size parameters After you complete a backupPerforming backups with non-Sybase products 390 Performing system-level backups Shutting down the database391 Backing up the right files Restoring from a system-level backupPerforming system-level backups 392 Validating your database 393For this size database It takes about this long 394 Interpreting resultsValidating your database Orphaned block statistic Meaning Concurrency issues for spiqcheckdb 395 Restoring your databases Before you restoreRestoring your databases 396 Restore accommodates dbspace changes 397 Specifying files for an incremental restore Restoring disk backup filesRestoring tape backup files Keeping the database unchanged between restores To restore a database, use the following syntax Restore statementRestoring from a compatible backup 399 Moving database files 400 401 402 Displaying header information Adjusting data sources and configuration filesRestoring in the correct order 403 Set, and the restore order, are as follows Set must be restored first, and must be in the first device404 Switch Description Renaming the transaction log after you restoreDblog command-line utility 405 Transaction log utility options Validating the database after you restoreRestore requires exclusive write access Maintaining a transaction log or mirror Displaying header information 407 Recovery from errors during restore Using Symbolic Links Unix Only408 Unattended backup 409 Getting information about backups and restores Getting information about backups and restoresLocating the backup log 410 Content of the backup log 411 Recording dbspace names Maintaining the backup logViewing the backup log in Sybase Central 412 Determining your data backup and recovery strategy 413 Determining your data backup and recovery strategy Scheduling routine backupsDetermining the type of backup 414 Increasing the number of archive devices Designating Backup and Restore ResponsibilitiesImproving performance for backup and restore 415 Eliminating data verification Spooling backup dataIncreasing memory used during backup Balancing system load Controlling the size of the Catalog Store 417 418 Introduction to performance terms DBA can tune performance by adjusting resource usageYour hardware and software configuration Designing for performance Overview of memory use Overview of memory usePaging increases available memory 420 Managing System Resources Utilities to monitor swappingServer memory 421 Managing buffer caches Determining the sizes of the buffer caches422 Operating system and other applications Adaptive Server IQ memory overhead423 Raw partitions versus file systems Multi-user database access424 Memory requirements for loads Adaptive Server IQ main and temp buffer caches 425Buffer caches and physical memory Other considerations Example of setting buffer cache sizes426 Memory available for buffer caches Example Setting buffer cache sizes Methods of adjusting buffer cache sizes427 Setting buffer cache size database options 428To change the buffer cache sizes permanently Normally you change the buffer cache sizes by setting Setting buffer cache size server switchesSetting the page size Specifying page size Block size 430 Saving memory Decrease buffer cache settingsAdjust blocking factor for loads Data compression Optimizing for large numbers of users IQ command line option changesActively using the database Use the following guideline to determine Block Factor System parameters Command and set rlimfdmax=4096 in /etc/systemIQ Temp space 433 Platform-specific memory options 434 Options that can provide more memory Recommendations for small memory configurationsPhysical size of memory on the system 435 436 Controlling file system buffering You must then restart the server with the following commandManaging large buffer caches on HP 437 Options for Java-enabled databases Other ways to get more memory438 Process threading model 439 Process threading model Insufficient threads errorIQ options for managing thread usage 440 Balancing I/O Raw I/O on Unix operating systems441 Setting up disk striping on Windows NT Using disk stripingSetting up disk striping on Unix Balancing I/O Internal striping Recommendations for disk striping443 Disk striping option Disk striping hints444 Transaction log file Using multiple dbspacesTemporary data with the Create Dbspace command Across multiple disks Strategic file locations Message log446 Working space for inserting, deleting, and synchronizing 447 Restricting concurrent queries Options for tuning resource useOptions for tuning resource use 448 Forcing cursors to be non-scrolling Limiting a query’s memory useLimiting queries by rows returned 449 Lowering a connection’s priority Limiting the number of cursorsLimiting the number of statements Prefetching cache pages Optimizing for typical usage Restricting database accessOther ways to improve resource use Disk caching Picking the right index type Using RAM diskIndexing tips Indexing tips Using join indexes Allowing enough disk space for deletions453 Denormalizing for performance Managing database size and structureManaging the size of your database Managing database size and structure Performance benefits of denormalization Denormalization has risksDisadvantages of denormalization 455 Tips for structuring queries Improving your queriesDeciding to denormalize Improving your queries Planning queries Query evaluation options457 Setting query optimization options 458 Network performance Improving large data transfers459 Isolate heavy network users Network performance460 Put small amounts of data in small packets 461 Put large amounts of data in large packets 462 Process at the server level Filter as much data as possible at the server level463 464 Viewing the Adaptive Server IQ environment Getting information using stored proceduresOther chapters of this guide for more tuning hints Set to control resource use, see , Managing System Viewing the Adaptive Server IQ environment 466 Starting the buffer cache monitor Monitoring and Tuning PerformanceMonitoring the buffer caches 467 Monitoring the buffer caches 468 469 470 471 472 Stopping the buffer cache monitorExamining and saving monitor results Into dummytablename Stop Monitor Examples of monitor results Buffer cache473 474 Results for the memory manager are -contentionresults for the main cache are-contentionresults for the temp cache are 475 Avoiding buffer manager thrashing Avoiding buffer manager thrashing476 Here is an example Monitoring paging on Windows NT systemsMonitoring paging on Unix systems 477 478 System utilities to monitor CPU use 479 System utilities to monitor CPU use 480 Restrictions for creating and running these applications Client/server interfaces to Adaptive Server IQData server for client applications 481 Client/server interfaces to Adaptive Server IQ 482 Adaptive Server IQ as a Data Server Configuring IQ Servers with DseditInterfaces file 483 Starting Dsedit Using the Dsedit utilityOpening a Directory Services session 484 Interfaces file sql.ini Adding a server entryAdding or changing the server address Select a server entry in the Server box Network Settings, in the Control Panel 486 Verifying the server address Renaming a server entry487 Deleting server entries Sybase applications and Adaptive Server IQOpen Client applications and Adaptive Server IQ 488 Starting the database server as an Open Server Setting up Adaptive Server IQ as an Open ServerSystem requirements 489 Configuring your database for use with Open Client Setting up Adaptive Server IQ as an Open Server490 Characteristics of Open Client and jConnect connections 491Option Set to Characteristics of Open Client and jConnect connections To change the option settings for TDS connections492 Servers with multiple databases To connect to the livecredit server, use this syntax493 494 Index 495 Index 496 497 WINLATIN1 498 Datetime 499 Odbc Unix 500 501 DDL 502 Pipenotconnected 503 504 See Also Dbisql 505 506 507 Null 508 TCP/IP 509 See Also stored 510 Rawdetect 511 512 513 514 515 516