Administration and Performance Guide
Adaptive Server IQ
 Document ID
 Contents
 Contents
 100
101
103
104
 Contents Deleting views 131 Views in the system tables
132
135
138
 Vii
 Viii
 Using cursors on Select statements in procedures 253
255
273
277
 Contents Referential integrity is unenforced 284
285
299
309
 323
339
352
Managing User IDs and Permissions
 Xii
 Xiii
 448
454
459
467
 473
476
479
481
 Xvi
 Xvii
How to use this book
Audience
 Guide to using this book To learn how to Read this chapter
Related documents
Related documents
Documentation for Adaptive Server IQ
 About This Book
Xix
 Related documents
 Overview of IQ system administration
Introduction to Adaptive Server IQ
 System administration tasks
System administration tasks
 Security overview
Overview of Adaptive Server IQ System Administration
Administrative tasks
 Tools for system administration
Tools for system administration
Types of users
Granting permissions
 Database server
Catalogs and IQ
 Adaptive Server Anywhere and Adaptive Server IQ
IQ Store
Temporary Store
Catalog Store
 Stored procedures
Concurrent operations
 Adaptive Server IQ stored procedures
Stored procedures
 Adaptive Server Enterprise system and catalog procedures
Stored Procedures for the IQ Store Procedure name Purpose
 Adaptive Server Enterprise system procedures
System procedure Description
 Catalog stored procedures
Adaptive Server Enterprise catalog procedures
Catalog procedure Description
Procedure name Purpose
 System table Description
System tables and views
System tables and views
 Sysdomain
 Syslogin
 System view Description
Sysuserauth
 Commands and Functions
Commands and Functions
Types of SQL statements
Functions
 Fourth line of the file contains version information
Message logging
Manipulate date and time data for example, TODAY, Datediff
 Utility database
Utility database
 Compatibility with earlier versions
 Compatibility with earlier versions
 Starting the database server
 General form for the server command line is as follows
Server command lines
Server command lines
 Starting the server on Unix
Running Adaptive Server IQ
 Starting the server on Unix
Using the startup utility
To start the server on Unix using the startup utility
 Typing the server startup command
 Starting the server on Windows NT
Starting the server on Windows NT
Starting the server from the NT Start menu
 Running the server outside the current session
 Using command-line switches
Running the server as a Windows NT service
Using command-line switches
Running the Unix database server as a daemon
 Case sensitivity Using configuration files
 Elora 16M Tcpipport=2367 -gm Gp 4096 path\mydb.db
 Naming the server and databases
Required if you do not supply a database
Window
Database started
 Sample database on that server
 Controlling performance from the command line
Setting memory switches
 Default value of -iqgovernis 2 x the number of CPUs +10
This switch as the number of megabytes of wired memory
Use
Concurrent user connections on a particular server
 Setting switches that affect timing
 Controlling permissions from the command line
Other performance-related switches
 Setting a maximum Catalog page size
 Setting up a client/server environment
Selecting communications protocols
 Limiting inactive connections
 Starting a server in forced recovery mode
Starting a server from Dbisql
Server from Dbisql
Connections, and Catalog page size
 Monitoring server activity
Starting multiple servers or clients on the same machine
Capture server activity in a log file
Log file name has this format
 Monitoring server activity
 Stopping the database server
 Stopping the database server
PID
 Who can stop the server?
Shutting down operating system sessions
Following example stops a server from Dbisql
Will be stopped even if there are connections to it
 Starting and stopping databases
Starting and stopping databases
 Starting the asiqdemo database
From a command line, type the following command
Command that executes when you perform these steps is
 Starting and stopping Sybase Central
Starting and stopping Sybase Central
 Connecting a plug-in
Connecting to a plug-in
 Introduction to connections
Introduction to connections
Stopping Sybase Central
 How connections are established
If you want Consider reading
 Connection parameters specify connections
Connection parameters are passed as connection strings
Following form
This is equivalent to the following connection string
 Simple connection examples
 Connecting to a database from Dbisql
Simple connection examples
If you need to start the sample database, enter
To connect from a Unix system
 To connect from a Windows NT system
 Enter the user ID
Connecting to other databases from Dbisql
Password
 To connect to a database from Dbisql on Unix
Connecting to an embedded database
Start Dbisql by typing at a system command prompt
 Extra cache needed for Java
To connect to an embedded database from Dbsql in Windows NT
 Connecting using a data source
To connect using a data source
 Connecting to a server on a network
 Using default connection parameters
 Connecting from Adaptive Server IQ utilities
Named server, using the default database
You may connect to the wrong server
Database
 Working with Odbc data sources
 DSNs and FILEDSNs
Working with Odbc data sources
 Creating and editing Odbc data sources
 Creating and editing Odbc data sources
You could also use the host network address. For example
To create an Odbc User Data Source
To test an Odbc Data Source
 Configuring Odbc data sources
Odbc tab
 Prevent Driver Not Capable errors
 Selecting this
Login tab
Database tab
 Network tab
Advanced tab
 Enter any additional switches here
Creating a File Data Source
Name of the file
Which the debugging information is to be saved
 Using Odbc data sources on Unix
Using Odbc data sources on Unix
 Connection parameters
Short Parameter Form Argument Description
 Connection parameters
 Not supported in Odbc connections
Parameters
Or NO, OFF, 0, or False if false
Connection parameters and their values are case insensitive
 Specify database files using DBF
Specify database names using DBN
Connection parameter priorities
Use the Start parameter to specify cache size
 How Adaptive Server IQ makes connections
Steps in establishing a connection
 Unix dblib6 with an operating system-specific extension
Locating the interface library
How Adaptive Server IQ makes connections
 Assembling a list of connection parameters
Connection file
AutoStop Ignored if the database is already loaded
Parameter
 Is already running
 Locating a server
Ways by supplying network communication parameters
 How Adaptive Server IQ makes connections
 Locating the database
 Server name caching for faster connections
 Connecting from other databases
Interactive SQL connections
 Using an integrated login
Using an integrated login
 To use an integrated login
Using integrated logins
Enabling the integrated login feature
 To map an integrate login using a SQL statement
Creating an integrated login
To map an integrated login from Sybase Central
 Can connect to a database if all the following are true
Connecting from a client application
Following Dbisql statement
 Security concerns unrestricted database access
 Setting temporary public options for added security
 Network aspects of integrated logins
Creating a default integrated login user
 Ensure that your files are valid
Troubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections
What to do if you can’t start Adaptive Server IQ
 Debugging network communications startup problems
Troubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections
Ensure that network communication software is running
Check environment variables
 What to do if you can’t connect to a database
 Resolving problems with your Dbisql window on Unix
Stopping a database server in an emergency Unix
 Running Adaptive Server IQ
 Troubleshooting startup, shutdown, and connections
 Building Your Adaptive Server IQ Databases
Designing your database
 Using Sybase Central to work with database objects
Tools for working with database objects
Building Your Adaptive Server IQ Databases
100
 Step-by-step overview of database setup
Using Dbisql to work with database objects
Working with Database Objects
101
 102
To set up an IQ database
Scheduling data definition tasks
 Extending data definition privileges
103
 104
Selecting a device type
Allocating space for databases
 Estimating space and dbspaces required
105
 106
Working with databases
Working with databases
 Creating a database
107
 108
 109
 110
 Choosing an IQ page size
111
 112
Specifying the size of your database
Choosing a Catalog page size
 Choosing a block size for your database
Enabling Java in the database
IQ Store size is 8MB and the Temporary Store is 4MB
113
 Adding dbspaces
114
 115
To create a dbspace in Sybase Central
 Dropping dbspaces
116
 =======================================================
117
 Working with tables
Dropping a database
Creating tables
Working with tables
 119
 Types of tables
120
 Table placement
Type of table Permitted placement Default placement
Automatic index creation for IQ tables
121
 Optimizing storage and query performance
Data type of the column and its width
See the following table for implications of IQ Unique
122
 Altering tables
123
 To drop a table in Sybase Central
Dropping tables
124
 To create a primary key in Sybase Central
Creating primary and foreign keys
125
 126
 Working with views
Table information in the system tables
127
To create an unenforced foreign key in Sybase Central
 Creating views
Working with views
Definition in the database system tables
128
 To create a view in Sybase Central
Using views
129
 Modifying views
Permissions on views
An existing view definition
Alter View statement maintains the permissions on the view
 131
Deleting views
Views in the system tables
 Working with indexes
Introduction to indexes
Working with indexes
132
 133
Creating indexes
Indexes in the system tables
 Removing indexes
134
 Overview of indexes
Adaptive Server IQ index types
Indexing
135
 Overview of indexes
136
 137
Benefits over traditional indexes
Adaptive Server IQ Indexes
 Creating Adaptive Server IQ indexes
Create Index statement
Creating Adaptive Server IQ indexes
Region column of the salesorder table
 Creating an index with Sybase Central
Creating indexes concurrently
139
To create an index with Sybase Central
 140
Choosing an index type
Choosing an index type
 141
Number of unique values in the index
Types of queries
 Type of Query Usage Recommended Index Type
142
Query type/index
 Only the default index supports the following data types
Indexing criteria disk space usage
Data types in the index
143
 Adaptive Server IQ index types
Combining index types
Adaptive Server IQ index types
144
 Default column index
LowFast LF index type
Projections on few rows
Recommended use
 HighGroup HG index type
Advantages and disadvantages of LowFast
Comparison with other indexes
Additional indexes
 Advantages and disadvantages of HighGroup
Automatic creation of HighGroup index
147
HG advantages/disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages
 148
HighNonGroup HNG index type
Advantages and disadvantages of HighNonGroup
 Optimizing performance for ad hoc joins
Comparison to other indexes
HighGroup index is also appropriate for an HNG column
149
 Criteria to identify Index to select
Selecting an index
150
 Using join indexes
Adding column indexes after inserting data
Join indexes improve query performance
151
 When a join becomes ad hoc
How join indexes are used for queries
Relationships in join indexes
Join hierarchy overview
 Columns in the join index
153
 154
Join hierarchy in query resolution
One-to-many relationship
 155
Custid Lname
 Multiple table joins and performance
156
 Steps in creating a join index
157
 158
Synchronizing join indexes
Privileges needed to create a join index
 159
Defining join relationships between tables
Performance hints for synchronization
 160
Using foreign references
Examples of join relationships in table definitions
 161
Specifying the join type when creating a join index
Specifying relationships when creating a join index
 162
Parameters of this command are
Issuing the Create Join Index statement
 163
 Creating a join index in Sybase Central
Types of join hierarchies
164
To add a join index in Sybase Central
 165
Linear joins
Star joins
 166
You can create this table using the following commands
Another table
 Modifying tables included in a join index
167
 Inserting or deleting from tables in a join index
168
 169
Table versioning controls access to join indexes
Estimating the size of a join index
 Estimating the size of a join index
170
 Import and export overview
Import and export methods
Databases
171
 Input and output data formats
Import and export overview
172
File Format Description
 Scheduling database updates
Permissions for modifying data
Specifying an output format for Interactive SQL
Moving Data In and Out of Databases
 Using output redirection
Exporting data from a database
Exporting data from a database
174
 175
Bulk loading data using the Load Table statement
Null value output
 Bulk loading data using the Load Table statement
176
Format ’ascii’ ’binary’ Delimited by string
Quotes on OFF Escapes on OFF Escape Character character
 177
Binary with Null Byte Prefix 1 2 4 ’delimiter-string’
 178
 179
 180
 181
Block Factor number Block Size number
Preview on OFF ROW Delimited by ’delimiter-string’
Start ROW ID number
 On default is NATIVE. You can also specify
Specifies the byte ordering during reads. This
Endian platforms like DEC ALPHA, and Windows NT
Here is a Windows NT example
 Table. The default is 0 for no limit
Specifies the maximum number of rows to insert into
Options work together
183
 184
 Following Windows NT example sets the column delimiter for
Carriage return \x0d
With the Limit option, and takes precedence over it
185
 186
 Interpreting notification messages
Memory message
This message displays memory usage information
187
 Main IQ Store blocks messages
IQ Temporary Store blocks message
Main buffer cache activity message
188
 Temporary buffer cache message
Controlling message logging
These lines display information about the Temp buffer cache
See the description for the Main buffer cache message above
 Using the Insert statement
Using the Insert statement
Inserting specified values row by row
190
 Inserting selected rows from the database
Complete description of Adaptive Server IQ data types
Following example adds 1995-06-09 into the lshipdate column
Into the lorderkey column in the lineitem table
 192
Inserting from a different database
Inserting selected rows from the database
 Issue a Commit to commit the insert
Lineitem table in the current database
193
To insert data directly from Adaptive Server Enterprise
 194
 195
Importing data interactively
Inserting into tables of a join index
 196
Inserting into primary and foreign key columns
Inserting into primary and foreign key columns
 Partial-width insertions
197
 198
Partial-width insertion rules
Partial-width insertions
 Query
Additional columns
Instead of the correct number
199
 Start ROW ID option in the second Load Table statement
200
 Index
201
 202
Converting data on insertion
Converting data on insertion
 203
 Inserting data from pre-Version 12 Adaptive Server IQ
Load conversion options
204
Conversion options for loading from flat files
 Data conversions in IQ
205
 206
IQ conversions for comparison operations
 207
IQ conversions for arithmetic operations
 208
Column width issues
Using the Ascii conversion option
 209
 Date Option
Substitution of Null or blank characters
Specifying the Date Format
210
 211
 212
Setting Year specified as Years assumed
Datetime conversion option
 Specifying the format for Datetime conversions
213
 10 Datetime format options
214
Formatting times
 215
Where Blanks indicates that blanks convert to Nulls
Working With Nulls
 216
Other factors affecting the display of data
Other factors affecting the display of data
 217
Matching Adaptive Server Enterprise data types
Unsupported Adaptive Server Enterprise data types
 218
Adaptive Server Enterprise data type equivalents
Matching Adaptive Server Enterprise data types
 219
Adaptive Server Adaptive Server IQ Enterprise Datatype
13 Character data types
Adaptive Server Enterprise Datatype IQ Datatype
 15 DATE/TIME data types
Handling conversion errors on data import
220
 Tuning bulk loading of data
Improving load performance during database definition
Optimizing for the number of distinct values
Creating indexes
 Setting server startup options
Adjusting your environment at load time
Tuning bulk loading of data
Adding dbspaces
 Reducing Main IQ Store space use in incremental loads
223
 224
Changing data using Update
Changing data using Update
 Deleting data
225
 226
Importing data by replication
Importing data by replication
 227
 228
 Overview of procedures
Adaptive Server IQ
Statements, are also available in batches
229
 Benefits of procedures
Introduction to procedures
Benefits of procedures
230
 231
Creating procedures
Using Procedures and Batches
 Calling procedures
Dropping procedures
Introduction to procedures
232
 233
Permissions to execute procedures
Returning procedure results in parameters
 Employee ID Salary
Returning procedure results in result sets
234
 235
Introduction to user-defined functions
Creating user-defined functions
 Calling user-defined functions
Introduction to user-defined functions
236
Fullname empfname, emplname
 Dropping user-defined functions
Permissions to execute user-defined functions
Following statement revokes permission to use the function
237
 238
Introduction to batches
Introduction to batches
 Dbisql and batches
Control statements
239
 Using compound statements
Control statements
240
Control statement Syntax
 Declarations in compound statements
241
 Atomic compound statements
242
 243
Structure of procedures
SQL statements allowed in procedures
 244
Declaring parameters for procedures
Structure of procedures
 Passing parameters to procedures
Passing parameters to functions
Or as follows
245
 Returning results from procedures
Returning a value using the Return statement
Returning results from procedures
246
 Returning results as procedure parameters
247
 Declared in the procedure argument list
Show the number of orders placed by the customer with ID
CustomerID parameter is declared as an in parameter. This
Orders variable that is returned to the calling environment
 Returning result sets from procedures
249
 Returning multiple result sets from procedures
Returning variable result sets from procedures
Procedure
250
 Using cursors in procedures
251
 Using cursors in procedures
Cursor management overview
Cursor positioning
252
 Using cursors on Select statements in procedures
253
 254
 Errors and warnings in procedures
255
 256
Default error handling in procedures
Errors and warnings in procedures
 257
 Error handling with on Exception Resume
258
 259
On Exception Resume Begin
 Default handling of warnings in procedures
260
 Using exception handlers in procedures
261
 262
 Nested compound statements and exception handlers
263
 264
Using the Execute Immediate statement in procedures
Following statement executes the InnerProc procedure
 Transactions and savepoints in procedures
Some tips for writing procedures
Check if you need to change the command delimiter
265
 Remember to delimit statements within your procedure
Use fully-qualified names for tables in procedures
Specifying dates and times in procedures
Some tips for writing procedures
 267
Verifying procedure input arguments
Statements allowed in batches
 268
Calling external libraries from procedures
Using Select statements in batches
 Creating procedures and functions with external calls
269
 270
External function declarations
Following form for Microsoft Visual C++
 How parameters are passed to the external function
271
 Special considerations when passing character types
272
 273
Data integrity overview
How data can become invalid
 274
Integrity constraints belong in the database
Data integrity overview
 How database contents get changed
Data integrity tools
 SQL statements for implementing integrity constraints
276
 277
Using table and column constraints
Using Unique constraints on columns or tables
 Using IQ Unique constraint on columns
Using Check conditions on columns
Using table and column constraints
278
 279
Column Check conditions from user-defined data types
Option
 Using Check conditions on tables
Working with column constraints in Sybase Central
Modifying and deleting Check conditions
280
 Declaring entity and referential integrity
281
 282
Enforcing entity integrity
If a client application breaches entity integrity
 283
Primary keys enforce entity integrity
Declaring referential integrity
 284
How you define foreign keys
Referential integrity is unenforced
 Integrity rules in the system tables
285
 Integrity rules in the system tables
286
 Performance and other aspects of database administration
Overview of transactions and versioning
Introduction to transactions
Transactions are logical units of work
 Using transactions
Starting transactions
Completing transactions
Overview of transactions and versioning
 Options in Dbisql
Committing a transaction writes data to disk
Transactions and Versioning
289
 Introduction to concurrency
Subdividing transactions
How concurrency works in IQ
290
 Concurrency for backups
Why concurrency benefits you
Introduction to versioning
Concurrency and IQ Multiplex
 292
Table-level versioning
One writer and multiple readers at the table level
 293
Only one writer at a time
 Multiple writers and readers in a database
294
 Transactions use committed data
295
 Timing of commits on read transactions affects versions
296
 Hold cursors span transactions
297
 298
How Adaptive Server IQ keeps track of versions
Versioning of temporary tables
 Versioning prevents inconsistencies
How locking works
Locks for DML operations
299
 300
Locks for DDL operations
How locking works
 301
 Isolation levels
Primary keys and locking
Isolation levels
302
 Checkpoints, savepoints, and transaction rollback
303
 Checkpoints aid in recovery
When checkpoints occur
Checkpoints
Checkpoints, savepoints, and transaction rollback
 305
Savepoints within transactions
Releasing savepoints
 Rolling back to a savepoint
Automatic and user-defined savepoints
Naming and nesting savepoints
Following scenario
 System recovery
Rolling back transactions
What causes a rollback
Effect of rollback
 How transaction information aids recovery
308
 Performance implications
309
 310
Overlapping versions and deletions
Performance implications
 Cursors in transactions
311
 Cursors and versioning
Cursor sensitivity
Cursor scrolling
Cursors in transactions
 Cursor command syntax and examples
Hold cursors
Positioned operations
Controlling message logging for cursors
 314
 Adaptive Server IQ international features
Installation to handle international language issues
Introduction to international languages and character sets
315
 Using the default collation
Character set questions and answers
Introduction to international languages and character sets
316
 Understanding character sets in software
Pieces in the character set puzzle
International Languages and Character Sets
317
 Database server software messages Applications can cause
Language issues in client/server computing
318
 Code pages in Windows and Windows NT
319
 Ansi and OEM code pages in Windows and Windows NT
320
 Multibyte character sets
321
 Sorting characters using collations
International aspects of case sensitivity
First-byte collation orderings for multibyte character sets
322
 Understanding locales
Introduction to locales
Case insensitivity of identifiers
323
 324
Understanding the locale language
Understanding locales
 Alternative Language label Label ISO639 language code
Understanding the locale character set
325
 Character set Label Iana label Description
Equivalent Iana labels and a description
326
 327
 Setting the Sqllocale environment variable
Understanding collations
Understanding the locale collation label
Displaying collations
 Supplied collations
Following collations are supplied with Adaptive Server IQ
329
Collation Label Type Description
 330
 Ansi or OEM?
331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 Using multibyte collations
Understanding character set translation
Character translation for database messages
Understanding character set translation
 337
To use character translation for database messages
 338
Connection strings and character sets
Avoiding character-set translation
 Language Character set
Collation internals
339
 Comment lines
Title line
Collation internals
340
 Specification Description
Collation sequence section
Following are some sample lines for a collation
341
 Encodings section
That will be sorted together
Following is part of the Shift-JIS collation file
342
 Properties section
343
 Finding the default collation
Configuring your character set environment
To configure your character set environment
International language and character set tasks
 You can determine locale information using system functions
Determining locale information
345
To determine the locale of a database server
 Setting locales
Creating a database with a named collation
Your current machine
346
 List the supplied collation sequences
347
 Starting a database server using character set translation
Using Odbc code page translation
To enable character-set translation on a database server
Or on Unix
 Character set translation for Sybase Central and Dbisql
Creating a custom collation
Set the Dbisql option CHAROEMTranslation to a value of OFF
349
 350
 Compatibility issues
Creating a database with a custom collation
351
To create a database with a custom collation
 352
Performance issues
Performance issues
 353
An overview of database permissions
Manage user IDs
 354
DBA authority overview
An overview of database permissions
 Resource authority overview
Ownership permissions overview
Table and views permissions overview
Managing User IDs and Permissions
 356
Managing individual user IDs and permissions
Group permissions overview
 Changing a password
With the following command
Creating new users
357
 Granting DBA and resource authority
358
 Granting permissions on tables and views
359
 Granting users the right to grant permissions
Context of groups in Permissions of groups
360
To grant user permission on tables in Sybase Central
 361
Granting permissions on procedures
To grant user permissions on procedures in Sybase Central
 Revoking user permissions
362
 To create a group with a name and password
Managing groups
Creating groups
363
 Granting group membership to users
Managing groups
364
To create a group in Sybase Central
 365
Permissions of groups
Referring to tables owned by groups
 Groups without passwords
366
 367
Database object names and prefixes
Special groups
 Database object names and prefixes
368
 369
Using views and procedures for extra security
Following command will now work
 370
Using views for tailored security
Using views and procedures for extra security
 371
Using procedures for tailored security
Grant permission for the Sales Manager to examine this view
 How user permissions are assessed
Managing the resources connections use
How user permissions are assessed
Be modified is strictly defined
 Temporary Store
373
 Users and permissions in the system tables
Users and permissions in the system tables
Limits the number of prepared
374
 375
Default Contents
Views Default Contents
 376
 Backup protects your data
377
 Types of backups
Data in backups
Backing up your database
Backing up your database
 379
Transaction log in backup, restore, and recovery
Backup and Data Recovery
 Distribution of backup data
Disk backup requirements
Tape backup requirements
Selecting archive devices
 Preparing for backup
Obtaining DBA privileges
Rewinding tapes
381
 Retaining old disk backups
Two ways to run Backup
You can run Backup in two ways
Estimating Media Capacity
 Concurrency and backups
Backup statement
To back up an IQ database, use the following syntax
383
 Specifying the type of backup
Specifying operator presence
Specifying archive devices
384
 385
 386
 387
 Backup Examples
Other backup options
Waiting for Tape Devices
388
 Recovery from errors during backup
Checking for backup space
Recovery attempts
389
 After you complete a backup
Performing backups with non-Sybase products
Do not specify the Stacker or Size parameters
390
 391
Performing system-level backups
Shutting down the database
 Restoring from a system-level backup
Performing system-level backups
Backing up the right files
392
 For this size database It takes about this long
Validating your database
393
 Interpreting results
Validating your database
394
Orphaned block statistic Meaning
 Concurrency issues for spiqcheckdb
395
 Before you restore
Restoring your databases
Restoring your databases
396
 Restore accommodates dbspace changes
397
 Restoring disk backup files
Restoring tape backup files
Specifying files for an incremental restore
Keeping the database unchanged between restores
 Restore statement
Restoring from a compatible backup
To restore a database, use the following syntax
399
 Moving database files
400
 401
 402
 Adjusting data sources and configuration files
Restoring in the correct order
Displaying header information
403
 404
Set, and the restore order, are as follows
Set must be restored first, and must be in the first device
 Renaming the transaction log after you restore
Dblog command-line utility
Switch Description
405
 Validating the database after you restore
Restore requires exclusive write access
Transaction log utility options
Maintaining a transaction log or mirror
 Displaying header information
407
 408
Recovery from errors during restore
Using Symbolic Links Unix Only
 Unattended backup
409
 Getting information about backups and restores
Locating the backup log
Getting information about backups and restores
410
 Content of the backup log
411
 Maintaining the backup log
Viewing the backup log in Sybase Central
Recording dbspace names
412
 Determining your data backup and recovery strategy
413
 Scheduling routine backups
Determining the type of backup
Determining your data backup and recovery strategy
414
 Designating Backup and Restore Responsibilities
Improving performance for backup and restore
Increasing the number of archive devices
415
 Spooling backup data
Increasing memory used during backup
Eliminating data verification
Balancing system load
 Controlling the size of the Catalog Store
417
 418
 DBA can tune performance by adjusting resource usage
Your hardware and software configuration
Introduction to performance terms
Designing for performance
 Overview of memory use
Paging increases available memory
Overview of memory use
420
 Utilities to monitor swapping
Server memory
Managing System Resources
421
 422
Managing buffer caches
Determining the sizes of the buffer caches
 423
Operating system and other applications
Adaptive Server IQ memory overhead
 Multi-user database access
424
Raw partitions versus file systems
Memory requirements for loads
 Buffer caches and physical memory
Adaptive Server IQ main and temp buffer caches
425
 Example of setting buffer cache sizes
426
Other considerations
Memory available for buffer caches Example
 427
Setting buffer cache sizes
Methods of adjusting buffer cache sizes
 To change the buffer cache sizes permanently
Setting buffer cache size database options
428
 Setting buffer cache size server switches
Setting the page size
Normally you change the buffer cache sizes by setting
Specifying page size
 Block size
430
 Decrease buffer cache settings
Adjust blocking factor for loads
Saving memory
Data compression
 IQ command line option changes
Actively using the database
Optimizing for large numbers of users
Use the following guideline to determine Block Factor
 Command and set rlimfdmax=4096 in /etc/system
IQ Temp space
System parameters
433
 Platform-specific memory options
434
 Recommendations for small memory configurations
Physical size of memory on the system
Options that can provide more memory
435
 436
 You must then restart the server with the following command
Managing large buffer caches on HP
Controlling file system buffering
437
 438
Options for Java-enabled databases
Other ways to get more memory
 Process threading model
439
 Insufficient threads error
IQ options for managing thread usage
Process threading model
440
 441
Balancing I/O
Raw I/O on Unix operating systems
 Using disk striping
Setting up disk striping on Unix
Setting up disk striping on Windows NT
Balancing I/O
 443
Internal striping
Recommendations for disk striping
 444
Disk striping option
Disk striping hints
 Using multiple dbspaces
Temporary data with the Create Dbspace command
Transaction log file
Across multiple disks
 446
Strategic file locations
Message log
 Working space for inserting, deleting, and synchronizing
447
 Options for tuning resource use
Options for tuning resource use
Restricting concurrent queries
448
 Limiting a query’s memory use
Limiting queries by rows returned
Forcing cursors to be non-scrolling
449
 Limiting the number of cursors
Limiting the number of statements
Lowering a connection’s priority
Prefetching cache pages
 Restricting database access
Other ways to improve resource use
Optimizing for typical usage
Disk caching
 Using RAM disk
Indexing tips
Picking the right index type
Indexing tips
 453
Using join indexes
Allowing enough disk space for deletions
 Managing database size and structure
Managing the size of your database
Denormalizing for performance
Managing database size and structure
 Denormalization has risks
Disadvantages of denormalization
Performance benefits of denormalization
455
 Improving your queries
Deciding to denormalize
Tips for structuring queries
Improving your queries
 457
Planning queries
Query evaluation options
 Setting query optimization options
458
 459
Network performance
Improving large data transfers
 460
Isolate heavy network users
Network performance
 Put small amounts of data in small packets
461
 Put large amounts of data in large packets
462
 463
Process at the server level
Filter as much data as possible at the server level
 464
 Getting information using stored procedures
Other chapters of this guide for more tuning hints
Viewing the Adaptive Server IQ environment
Set to control resource use, see , Managing System
 Viewing the Adaptive Server IQ environment
466
 Monitoring and Tuning Performance
Monitoring the buffer caches
Starting the buffer cache monitor
467
 Monitoring the buffer caches
468
 469
 470
 471
 Stopping the buffer cache monitor
Examining and saving monitor results
472
Into dummytablename Stop Monitor
 473
Examples of monitor results
Buffer cache
 474
 -contentionresults for the main cache are
-contentionresults for the temp cache are
Results for the memory manager are
475
 476
Avoiding buffer manager thrashing
Avoiding buffer manager thrashing
 Monitoring paging on Windows NT systems
Monitoring paging on Unix systems
Here is an example
477
 478
 System utilities to monitor CPU use
479
 System utilities to monitor CPU use
480
 Client/server interfaces to Adaptive Server IQ
Data server for client applications
Restrictions for creating and running these applications
481
 Client/server interfaces to Adaptive Server IQ
482
 Configuring IQ Servers with Dsedit
Interfaces file
Adaptive Server IQ as a Data Server
483
 Using the Dsedit utility
Opening a Directory Services session
Starting Dsedit
484
 Adding a server entry
Adding or changing the server address
Interfaces file sql.ini
Select a server entry in the Server box
 Network Settings, in the Control Panel
486
 487
Verifying the server address
Renaming a server entry
 Sybase applications and Adaptive Server IQ
Open Client applications and Adaptive Server IQ
Deleting server entries
488
 Setting up Adaptive Server IQ as an Open Server
System requirements
Starting the database server as an Open Server
489
 490
Configuring your database for use with Open Client
Setting up Adaptive Server IQ as an Open Server
 Option Set to
Characteristics of Open Client and jConnect connections
491
 492
Characteristics of Open Client and jConnect connections
To change the option settings for TDS connections
 493
Servers with multiple databases
To connect to the livecredit server, use this syntax
 494
 Index
495
 Index
496
 497
WINLATIN1
 498
Datetime
 499
Odbc Unix
 500
 501
DDL
 502
Pipenotconnected
 503
 504
See Also Dbisql
 505
 506
 507
Null
 508
TCP/IP
 509
See Also stored
 510
Rawdetect
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516