Lincoln Electric SVM100-A Theory of Operation, Input Line Voltage and Main Transformer

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E-1

THEORY OF OPERATION

 

INPUT LINE VOLTAGE AND MAIN TRANSFORMER

 

 

 

 

POLARITY

 

 

BY-PASS

 

 

 

 

 

 

BOARD

 

 

 

 

SWITCH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WORK

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

HI-FREQ

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRANSFORMER

LINE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ELECTRODE

MAIN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SWITCH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TRANSFORMER

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R

X2

 

AC

DC+

 

 

 

E

 

SHUNT

 

 

 

 

SCR

 

 

C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BRIDGE

 

 

 

O

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

N

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

N

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E

X1

 

AC

DC-

 

 

 

C

 

 

CHOKE

 

 

T

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNALSGATE

 

 

 

 

 

 

POWER

 

 

 

 

 

 

FEEDBACK

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FACTOR

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CAPACITORS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARC START

 

 

LCD DISPLAY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

115VAC

PROTECTION

115 VAC

CONTROL

KEYPAD

FAN

 

 

 

SNUBBER

 

GATE SIGNALS

BOARD

 

LED

 

 

BOARD

 

 

BOARD

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

HI-FREQ

 

 

KEYPAD

 

 

 

 

 

115 VAC

 

 

 

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

VAC

 

 

24 VAC

 

 

 

 

 

 

CONTROL

18 VAC

 

 

 

115 VAC

 

 

TRANSFORMER

 

 

 

 

 

16 VAC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RECEPTACLE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

115 VAC

 

HIGH VOLTAGE

HIGH FREQUENCY SPARK

 

 

 

TRANSFORMER

 

REMOTE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CIRCUIT

 

 

 

RECEPTACLE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The desired single-phase input power is connected to the TIG 255 through a line switch located on the front panel.

A reconnect panel allows the user to configure the machine for the desired input voltage. This AC input voltage is applied to the primary of the main trans- former. Power factor correction capacitors are incor- porated in the primary circuit of the main transformer to help balance the inductive nature of the TIG 255. The transformer changes the high voltage, low current input power to a low voltage, high current output. In addition, the main transformer also has an isolated

115vac auxiliary winding, that supplies 115vac to operate the cooling fan and offers 10 Amps of auxil- iary power at the 115vac receptacle. This 115vac is also applied to the control board and the control trans- former via the protection/snubber board. The 115vac also powers the high voltage circuit. The secondary voltages that are developed in the control transformer power the control board. On 50/60 Hz machines the main transformer also has a 220vac auxiliary winding that provides power to the 220vac receptacle. This 220vac winding is not isolated from the 115vac winding.

SQUARE WAVE TIG 255

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Contents Square Wave TIG ARC Rays can burn SafetyElectric Shock can kill Fumes and Gases can be dangerousCylinder may explode if damaged Welding Sparks can cause fire or explosionElectric and Magnetic Fields May be dangerousPrécautions DE Sûreté Sûreté Pour Soudage a L’ArcMaster Table of Contents for ALL Sections Table of Contents Installation SectionInstallation Technical Specifications Square Wave TIGSelect Suitable Location Safety PrecautionsHigh Frequency Interference Protection StackingGround Connection Input ConnectionsInput Supply Connections Output Connections Reconnect ProcedureTIG Torch Connection Table A.1 Stick Electrode Cable ConnectionOperation Section General Warnings OperationOperating Instructions Fumes and GasesSection TOC Work Connec Polarity Do not Switch AC & DC Recti Fier Power SourceWhile Weld ING TIG Gtaw Single Phase Coolant Tion OutputGeneral Description Design Features AdvantagesOperational Features and Controls Recommended Processes and EquipmentWelding Capability LimitationsControls and Settings Control Panel KeysCase Front Controls LoadHand and Foot Amptrol Welding Operation Accessory Operation TIG WeldingTable B.1 Recommended Polarity Settings for TIG Welding TIG Welding GuidelinesTable B.2 Typical Current Ranges 1 for Tungsten Electrodes TIG Welding Sequence Operation 2-STEP ModeSquare Wave TIG 255 12/95 TIG Welding Sequence Operation 4-STEP Mode ALL Machines Auxiliary PowerAdvanced TIG Welding Features AC Wave Balance and Auto BalanceOverload Protection Square Wave TIG Accessories Section Installation of Field Installed Options AccessoriesOptions / Accessories Undercarriage FunctionMaintenance Section Routine and Periodic Maintenance MaintenanceMaintenance Safety PrecautionsFigure D.1 General Assembly Exploded View Square Wave TIG Power Supply Block Logic Diagram Theory of Operation SectionTheory of Operation Input Line Voltage and Main TransformerOutput Rectification and Feedback Control High Voltage / High Frequency Circuit DC Welding Output DC Welding CircuitAC Welding Output AC Welding CircuitSCR Operation SCR Operation Square Wave TIGThermal Protection Troubleshooting & Repair Section 1TROUBLESHOOTING & Repair HOW to USE Troubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting & Repair PC Board Troubleshooting ProceduresTroubleshooting Guide Output Problems12/95 Square Wave TIG Troubleshooting & Repair Possible Areas of Misadjustments Problems SymptomsRecommended Course of Action Function Problems Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting & Repair TIG Mode Problems Troubleshooting & Repair Troubleshooting Guide TIG Welding Problems Troubleshooting & Repair Stick Welding Problems PC Board Connector Locations Figure F.1 Control Board ConnectorsTest Description Control Transformer T2 Voltage TestMaterials Needed Test Procedure Control BOXControl Transformer T2 Voltage Test Figure F.4 Control Board and TransformerPROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Continuity Test PROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Continuity Test Figure F.6 PROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Test Points Table F.6 Square Wave TIGARC Start Trigger Circuit Test ARC Start Trigger Circuit Test Figure F.9 PROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Test Points Static SCR Test Static SCR Test Figure F.11 Protection Board Plug LocationsActive SCR Test Active SCR Test Figure F.13 PROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Plug LocationsBattery Test Silicon Controlled Rectifier TestNormal Open Circuit Voltage Waveform DC Stick Mode Scope SettingsNormal Open Circuit Voltage Waveform AC Stick Mode Normal Open Circuit Voltage Waveform DC TIG Mode Normal Open Circuit Voltage Waveform AC TIG Mode Typical Output Voltage Waveform Machine Loaded DC TIG Mode Machine Loaded to 200 Amps AT 50 VDCMachine Loaded to 50 Amps AT 26VAC AC TIG Mode Auto Balance onMachine Loaded to 200 Amps AT 46 VAC Volts 5ms Typical SCR Gate Voltage WaveformVolts 2ms Troubleshooting & Repair FAN Motor and Blade Removal Tools RequiredFAN Motor and Blade Removal SCR Heat Sink Assembly Removal Materials RequiredSCR Heat Sink Assembly Removal Input Idle Amps Retest After RepairRecommended Meters for Machine Output Tests Retest After Repair cont’d Figure F.16 Transformer Lead Test PointsElectrical Diagrams Electrical Diagrams Control Board G2150 PTC1,PTC2 THERMISTOR-PTC,56 OHMS,90MAControl Board G2150 cont’d Square Wave TIG PROTECTION/SNUBBER Board L9255 CAPACITOR-CEMO,4700P,50V,10% Square Wave TIG Wiring Diagram Square Wave TIG Machine Schematic Square Wave TIG 6 a 0 a 7 a 8 a 3 CG2150 A C C TControl Board Schematic Square Wave TIG 255 cont’d G2150 Y P a DPROTECTION/SNUBBER Board Schematic Square Wave TIG 255 L9255 Keypad LED Board Square Wave TIG 255 L9212