Process Back, EMF Zero Crossing Sensing | Motorola M68HC08 specs

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

Software Design

PC MASTER SOFTWARE

A/D CONVERTERS

TIMER 1

PCM COMMAND

PC Mode

Start Ctrl

Switch_Start

Running

PROCESS

SPEED INPUT, DC-BUS VOLTAGE

AND DC-BUS CURRENT MEASUREMENT

START/STOP

SWITCH

START/STOP SWITCH READING

AND START/STOP DECISION

Sp_Input

VOLTAGE		CURRENT		Stop_F

	PROCESS	PROCESS
		ALIGNMENT, STARTING, RUNNING
	FAULT CONTROL
		CONTROL
	FAULT STOP

Volt_Max_Fault Curr_Max_Fault FFLAG1 FFLAG2

Figure 5-1. Main Data Flow — Part1

5.3.4 Process Fault Control Fault Stop

The process provides fault control and fault stop as described in Fault

State, Stand-By,Align State, 5.5.5 Back-EMF Acquisition State, and

Running State.

The processes alignment, starting, and running control are displayed in

Figure 5-2. The processes are described in the following subsections.

5.3.5 Process Back, EMF Zero Crossing Sensing

Back-EMF zero crossing process provides:

•Back-EMF zero crossing sampling in synchronization with PWM,

Designer Reference Manual		DRM028 — Rev 0

78	Software Design	MOTOROLA
	For More Information On This Product,
	Go to: www.freescale.com

Image 78

Motorola M68HC08 manual Main Data Flow Part1 Process Fault Control Fault Stop, Process Back, EMF Zero Crossing Sensing

Contents

M68HC08 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc For More Information On This Product Sensorless Bldc Motor Control Using MC68HC908MR32 Designer Reference Manual Rev Revision history List of Sections List of Sections Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures Title List of Figures List of Tables List of Tables Introduction ContentsBenefits of the Solution Application Functionality Introduction System Description System Concept System Description System Specification Software parameter tuning to a customer motor Software SpecificationSoftware written in C language specifications are listed Software Specifications Hardware and Drive Specifications High-Voltage Hardware Set Specification High Voltage Hardware Set Specifications Motor -Brake Set Low-Voltage Evaluation Hardware Set Specification Low Voltage Evaluation Hardware Set SpecificationsLow-Voltage Hardware Set Specification Low Voltage Hardware Set Specifications Bldc Motor Control Brushless DC Motor Control TheoryBldc Motor Targeted by This Application Semiconductor, Inc Bldc Motor Control Brushless DC Motor Control Theory Bldc Motor Back EMF and Magnetic Flux 2 3-Phase Bldc Power Stage Why Sensorless Control? Power Stage Motor Topology Stator Winding Equations Indirect Back EMF Sensing Same expressions can also be found for phase a and B Phase Voltage Waveform Effect of Mutual Inductance Mutual Inductance Effect Effect of Mutual Phase Capacitance Detail of Mutual Inductance Effect Mutual Capacitance Model 10. Distributed Back-EMF by Unbalanced Capacity Coupling 11. Balanced Capacity Coupling Back-EMF Sensing Circuit Inc Used Control Technique Sensorless Commutation ControlAlignment Starting Back-EMF Acquisition Running 14. Commutation Control Stages Alignment 15. Alignment Running Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Running Commutation Time Calculation Commutation time calculation is shown in Figure Service of received back-EMF zero crossing 17. Bldc Commutation Time with Zero Crossing Sensing Where Starting Back-EMF Acquisition Freescale Semiconductor, Inc 18. Vectors of Magnetic Fields 19. Back-EMF at Start Up Starting Commutation Time Calculation Running Commutation Time Calculation, but the followingComputation coefficients are different Application Control Speed ControlPC Master Software Communication with PC Master Software Specifications PC Master Software Communication Commands PC Master Software API Variables Name Type Representing Description Range MotorStatusDef, FailureDef BIT6 Reserved BIT2 Reserved PerSpeedMAXRange and zero crossing period PerZCrosFltT2 SpeedRangeMaxRPM*PerSpeedMAXRange/PerZCrosFltT2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc MC68HC908MR32 Control Board System Configuration and DocumentationHardware Design For High-Voltage Hardware Set cofiguration Low-Voltage Hardware Set configuration For Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set configurationEVM Motor Board Phase Low Voltage EVM Bldc Motor Components will describe the individual boards High-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration High-Voltage Hardware System Configuration Described in MC68HC908MR32 Control Board User’s Manual Motorola document order numberSee References Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set Configuration Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware System Configuration Low-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration System configuration for low-voltage hardware set is shown Low-Voltage Hardware System Configuration All HW Sets Components References1 MC68HC908MR32 Control Board 4shows a block diagram of the board’s circuitry Electrical characteristics in -1apply to operation at 25C Electrical Characteristics of Control Board 1 3-Phase AC/BLDC High Voltage Power StageHigh-Voltage Hardware Set Components Phase AC High Voltage Power Stage Electrical Characteristics of Power Stage Optoisolation Board Electrical Characteristics of the Optoisolation Board Electrical Characteristics 3 3-phase Bldc High Voltage Motor with Motor Brake Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set ComponentsEVM Motor Board 2 3-phase Low Voltage EVM Bldc Motor Electrical Characteristics of the EVM Motor BoardElectrical Characteristics of the EVM Motor Board Characteristics of the Bldc motor 1 3-Ph AC/BLDC Low Voltage Power Stage Low-Voltage Hardware Set Components Block Diagram 2 3-phase Bldc Low Voltage Motor with Motor Brake Section Introduction Data Flow Main Software Flowchart State DiagramSoftware Design Data Flow Software Variables and Defined Constants Important system variables are listed in TableSoftware Variables Start/Stop Switch Reading and Start/Stop Decision Sys3DefProcess Measurement Main Data Flow Part1 Process Fault Control Fault Stop Process Back, EMF Zero Crossing Sensing Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Main Data Flow Part 2 Alignment, Starting Process Desired Speed Setting Closed Loop Control System Processes Commutation and Zero Crossing Preset and Set Bldc Speed Control and CalculationProcess Alignment Control Main Software Flowchart Bldc Commutation and Zero Crossing Selection Main Software Flowchart Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Main Software Flowchart Main Software Loop Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Freescale Semiconductor, Inc State Diagram Software Flowchart Interrupts Application State Transitions Initialize Application State diagram for this software is shown in FigureInitialize MCU Stand-By Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Stand-by State Align State Starting Commutation Time Calculation Freescale Semiconductor, Inc 10. Back-EMF Acquisition Service of Commutation SetCommutation Time Calculation Service of Received Back-EMF Zero Crossing Running StateExplained in 5.5.5 Back-EMF Acquisition State Over Current 11. Running State 12. Stop State Fault State Stop State Software Files Implementation NotesSee Figure Software files and structure are described in section Preset Bldc Commutation and Bemf Zero Crossing Selection Bldc Commutation and Zero Crossing SelectionSet Bldc Commutation and Bemf Zero Crossing Selection PWM Duty Cycle Bldc Speed Control and CalculationDesired Speed Calculation PWMValMax = DUTYPWMMAX*MCPWMMODULUS Timers Timer Function TIMACh3Int Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 108 Software Design Minimal Application Speed User GuideApplication Suitability Guide Motor’s nominal speed Maximal Application Speed Voltage Closed LoopMotor Suitability Mutual Inductance Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 112 User Guide Application Hardware and Software Configuration Hardware ConfigurationHardware setups are shown in -1, -2, High-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set Configuration Low-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration Controller Board Settings EVM Board Settings EVM board settings are the same for all hardware platformsSoftware Setup Application HC08 Software Files \bldczerocros08MR32\sources\bldc08.c, main program Application PC Master Software Control Files Software Execution BuildExecute from Evaluation Board Bldczerocros08mr32MMDS.sx is generated When the software is built, the S-record fileExecute from Pre-programmed MCU Application Control Manual Operating Mode PC Master Software Remote Operating Mode PC Master Software Control Window For More Information On This Product Tuning for Customer Motor User Guide Tuning for Customer Motor Follow-up for Software Customizing to Customer Motor Follow-up for Advanced Software Customizing To have PC master software installed on your PC computer Start the PC master software parameters tuning application 11. PC Master Software Parameters Tuning Control Window Software Parameters Setting Follow-up Labels in the File const.h \bldczerocros08MR32\sources\constcustlv.h, definitions for Software Customizing to Power StageParameters File Selection Example of Software Customizing to Hardware Voltage Setting Hardware Customizing Current Setting Hardware CustomizingRange 0,infinity Example of Software Customizing to Hardware Modified maximal measurable voltage is 55 V, so set Detailed description starts here Software Customizing to Motor Voltage and Current SettingsMaximal and Minimal Voltage Limits Setting Range 0,VOLTRANGEMAX Maximal and Minimal Current Limits Setting Range 0,CURRENTRANGEMAXA Alignment Current and Current Regulator Setting Current during alignment state before motor starts ΑRange 0,8 Parameters Tuning with PC Master Software Project File Set constcustx.hFrom Evaluation Board 12. PC Master Software Current Parameters Tuning Window Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 142 User Guide MUSTCHANGEEXPERnn in file constcustx.h Commutation Parameters Commutation time period to discharge coil current ∝s Start-up Constants and Maximal Commutation Period Start-up Period Maximal commutation period limit ∝sRange -128,127 Constcustx.h Set #define Percmtstartus in constcustx.h Alignment Current and Current Regulator Setting 6.5.4.3Constcustx.h Ensure Percmtstartus =PERCMTMAXUS /2 #define Speedpiregigain Constcustx.h file 13. PC Master Software Start Parameters Tuning Window Software Customizing to Motor Speed Control Setting Number of commutations per motor revolutionRange 0,255 Maximal speed range rpm Minimal speed of the drive rpmRange 0,SPEEDRANGEMAXRPM Speedminrpm = 0.07 to 0.5SPEEDMAXRPM User Guide 153 Execute from Evaluation Board Set PC master software control mode and start motor see Remote Operating ModeStart motor see Application Control and PC Master Software PWM frequency setting is provided by PWM Frequency and Current Sampling Period SettingFor the PWM frequency setting, follow the label PWM Frequency PWM Frequency Setting PWM period = Periodpwmus = SETPERPWM*2 EQCurrent Sampling Period PERCST1US = Periodpwmus * Setpercs ∝s Conclusion Software Parameters Setting and TuningCANCHANGEPERCURSAMPn in const.h file Current Sampling Instant User Guide 159 Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 160 User Guide Appendix A. References Motor using MC68HC705MC4 document order number AN1627, Motorola Appendix B. Glossary SG40N Glossary Serial communications interface module SCI a module that Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 166 Glossary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc HOW to Reach US USA/EUROPE/LOCATIONS not Listed