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Motorola M68HC08 manual System Description

Models: M68HC08

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

System Description

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

			Three-Phase
	DC Bus Current &		Three-Phase
	DC Bus Current &		Inverter
	DC Bus Voltage
	Sensing

		3-ph
	Power line	BLDC
	Power line	Motor
	3 BEMF Voltage	Motor
	Zero Crossing
	Comparators

3 phase BLDC

Power Stage

MUX

DC-Bus Voltage/	BEMF Zero	MUX
Current	Crossing	Command	PWM
Temperature	signal

ADC	Digital		Digital	PWM
	Inputs		Outputs	PWM
	Inputs		Outputs	Generator
				Generator
				with
	Zero	Zero Crossing		Dead Time
	Crossing	Zero Crossing
	Crossing	Time moment
		Time moment
PC Master	Zero Crossing			Commutation
SCI	Zero Crossing
SCI	Period, Position
	Period, Position			Control
	Recognition			Control
	Recognition			Duty
				Duty
	Commutation			Cycle
	Period

		1/T
START		Actual Speed
STOP	Required	Actual Speed
STOP	Required
	Speed	Speed PI
		Speed PI
SPEED		Regulator
	Required	Actual
	Alignment	Current
	Current	Current PI
		Regulator
		(for Alignment)	HC08MR32

Figure 2-1System Concept

During the rotor alignment state, the dc-bus current is controlled by the current PI regulator. In the other states (motor running), the phase voltage (PWM duty cycle) is controlled by the speed PI regulator.

Designer Reference Manual		DRM028 — Rev 0

16	System Description	MOTOROLA
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Motorola M68HC08 manual System Description

Contents

M68HC08 Freescale Semiconductor, IncFor More Information On This Product Sensorless Bldc Motor Control Using MC68HC908MR32 Designer Reference Manual RevRevision history Revision historyList of Sections List of Sections Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures TitleList of Figures List of Tables List of Tables Contents Benefits of the SolutionIntroduction Application FunctionalityIntroduction System Description System ConceptSystem Description System Specification Software Specification Software written in C language specifications are listedSoftware parameter tuning to a customer motor Software SpecificationsHardware and Drive Specifications High-Voltage Hardware Set SpecificationHigh Voltage Hardware Set Specifications Motor -Brake SetLow Voltage Evaluation Hardware Set Specifications Low-Voltage Evaluation Hardware Set SpecificationLow-Voltage Hardware Set Specification Low Voltage Hardware Set Specifications Brushless DC Motor Control Theory Bldc Motor ControlBldc Motor Targeted by This Application Semiconductor, Inc Bldc Motor Control Brushless DC Motor Control Theory Bldc Motor Back EMF and Magnetic Flux 2 3-Phase Bldc Power Stage Why Sensorless Control?Power Stage Motor Topology Stator Winding Equations Indirect Back EMF SensingSame expressions can also be found for phase a and B Phase Voltage Waveform Effect of Mutual InductanceMutual Inductance Effect Effect of Mutual Phase Capacitance Detail of Mutual Inductance EffectMutual Capacitance Model 10. Distributed Back-EMF by Unbalanced Capacity Coupling 11. Balanced Capacity Coupling Back-EMF Sensing Circuit Inc Sensorless Commutation Control Used Control TechniqueAlignment Starting Back-EMF Acquisition Running 14. Commutation Control Stages Alignment15. Alignment RunningFreescale Semiconductor, Inc Running Commutation Time Calculation Commutation time calculation is shown in FigureService of received back-EMF zero crossing 17. Bldc Commutation Time with Zero Crossing SensingWhere Starting Back-EMF Acquisition Freescale Semiconductor, Inc 18. Vectors of Magnetic Fields 19. Back-EMF at Start Up Running Commutation Time Calculation, but the following Starting Commutation Time CalculationComputation coefficients are different Speed Control Application ControlPC Master Software Communication with PC Master Software Specifications PC Master Software Communication CommandsPC Master Software API Variables Name Type Representing Description RangeBIT3 Reserved BIT2 Reserved PerSpeedMAXRange and zero crossing period PerZCrosFltT2 SpeedRangeMaxRPM*PerSpeedMAXRange/PerZCrosFltT2Freescale Semiconductor, Inc System Configuration and Documentation Hardware DesignMC68HC908MR32 Control Board For High-Voltage Hardware Set cofigurationFor Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set configuration EVM Motor Board Phase Low Voltage EVM Bldc MotorLow-Voltage Hardware Set configuration Components will describe the individual boardsHigh-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration High-Voltage Hardware System ConfigurationDescribed in MC68HC908MR32 Control Board User’s Manual Motorola document order numberSee References Or, supplied alone as ECOPT-ECOPT optoisolation boardLow-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set Configuration Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware System ConfigurationLow-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration System configuration for low-voltage hardware set is shownLow-Voltage Hardware System Configuration References All HW Sets Components1 MC68HC908MR32 Control Board 4shows a block diagram of the board’s circuitry Electrical characteristics in -1apply to operation at 25C1 3-Phase AC/BLDC High Voltage Power Stage Electrical Characteristics of Control BoardHigh-Voltage Hardware Set Components Phase AC High Voltage Power Stage Electrical Characteristics of Power Stage Optoisolation BoardElectrical Characteristics of the Optoisolation Board Electrical CharacteristicsLow-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set Components 3 3-phase Bldc High Voltage Motor with Motor BrakeEVM Motor Board Electrical Characteristics of the EVM Motor Board Electrical Characteristics of the EVM Motor Board2 3-phase Low Voltage EVM Bldc Motor Characteristics of the Bldc motor1 3-Ph AC/BLDC Low Voltage Power Stage Low-Voltage Hardware Set ComponentsBlock Diagram 2 3-phase Bldc Low Voltage Motor with Motor Brake SectionData Flow Main Software Flowchart State Diagram Software DesignIntroduction Data FlowImportant system variables are listed in Table Software Variables and Defined ConstantsSoftware Variables Sys3Def Start/Stop Switch Reading and Start/Stop DecisionProcess Measurement Main Data Flow Part1 Process Fault Control Fault Stop Process Back, EMF Zero Crossing SensingFreescale Semiconductor, Inc Main Data Flow Part 2 Alignment, Starting Process Desired Speed Setting Closed Loop Control SystemBldc Speed Control and Calculation Processes Commutation and Zero Crossing Preset and SetProcess Alignment Control Main Software Flowchart Bldc Commutation and Zero Crossing SelectionMain Software Flowchart Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Main Software Flowchart Main Software Loop Freescale Semiconductor, Inc Freescale Semiconductor, Inc State Diagram Software Flowchart InterruptsApplication State Transitions State diagram for this software is shown in Figure Initialize MCUInitialize Application Stand-ByFreescale Semiconductor, Inc Stand-by State Align State Starting Commutation Time Calculation Freescale Semiconductor, Inc 10. Back-EMF Acquisition Set Service of CommutationCommutation Time Calculation Running State Service of Received Back-EMF Zero CrossingExplained in 5.5.5 Back-EMF Acquisition State Over Current 11. Running State 12. Stop State Fault State Stop StateImplementation Notes See FigureSoftware Files Software files and structure are described in sectionBldc Commutation and Zero Crossing Selection Preset Bldc Commutation and Bemf Zero Crossing SelectionSet Bldc Commutation and Bemf Zero Crossing Selection Bldc Speed Control and Calculation Desired Speed CalculationPWM Duty Cycle PWMValMax = DUTYPWMMAX*MCPWMMODULUSTimers TimerFunction TIMACh3Int Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 108 Software Design User Guide Application Suitability GuideMinimal Application Speed Motor’s nominal speedVoltage Closed Loop Maximal Application SpeedMotor Suitability Mutual Inductance Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 112 User Guide Hardware Configuration Application Hardware and Software ConfigurationHardware setups are shown in -1, -2, High-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration Low-Voltage Evaluation Motor Hardware Set ConfigurationLow-Voltage Hardware Set Configuration Controller Board Settings EVM board settings are the same for all hardware platforms EVM Board SettingsSoftware Setup Application HC08 Software Files Application HC08 software files areUser Guide 119 Application PC Master Software Control Files Application PC master software control files areBuild Software ExecutionExecute from Evaluation Board When the software is built, the S-record file Execute from Pre-programmed MCUBldczerocros08mr32MMDS.sx is generated Application ControlManual Operating Mode PC Master Software Remote Operating ModePC Master Software Control Window For More Information On This Product Tuning for Customer Motor User Guide Tuning for Customer Motor Follow-up for Software Customizing to Customer Motor Follow-up for Advanced Software Customizing To have PC master software installed on your PC computer Start the PC master software parameters tuning application11. PC Master Software Parameters Tuning Control Window Software Parameters Setting Follow-up Labels in the File const.h Software Customizing to Power Stage Parameters File SelectionExample of Software Customizing to Hardware Maximal PWM Duty CycleCurrent Setting Hardware Customizing Voltage Setting Hardware CustomizingRange 0,infinity Example of Software Customizing to Hardware Range -infinity,0Modified maximal measurable voltage is 55 V, so set Software Customizing to Motor Voltage and Current Settings Maximal and Minimal Voltage Limits SettingDetailed description starts here Range 0,VOLTRANGEMAXMaximal and Minimal Current Limits Setting Range 0,CURRENTRANGEMAXACurrent during alignment state before motor starts Α Alignment Current and Current Regulator SettingRange 0,8 Set constcustx.h Parameters Tuning with PC Master Software Project FileFrom Evaluation Board 12. PC Master Software Current Parameters Tuning Window Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 142 User Guide MUSTCHANGEEXPERnn in file constcustx.h Commutation Parameters Commutation time period to discharge coil current ∝sStart-up Constants and Maximal Commutation Period Maximal commutation period limit ∝s Start-up PeriodRange -128,127 Alignment Current and Current Regulator Setting 6.5.4.3 Constcustx.hConstcustx.h Set #define Percmtstartus in constcustx.h Ensure Percmtstartus =PERCMTMAXUS /2#define Speedpiregigain Constcustx.h file13. PC Master Software Start Parameters Tuning Window Number of commutations per motor revolution Software Customizing to Motor Speed Control SettingRange 0,255 Minimal speed of the drive rpm Maximal speed range rpmRange 0,SPEEDRANGEMAXRPM Speedminrpm = 0.07 to 0.5SPEEDMAXRPM KI = SPEEDPIREGIGAIN*2-SPEEDPIREGIGAINSCALERIGHT Execute from Evaluation Board Remote Operating Mode Set PC master software control mode and start motor seeStart motor see Application Control and PC Master Software PWM Frequency and Current Sampling Period Setting For the PWM frequency setting, follow the labelPWM frequency setting is provided by PWM FrequencyPWM period = Periodpwmus = SETPERPWM*2 EQ PWM Frequency SettingCurrent Sampling Period Conclusion Software Parameters Setting and Tuning CANCHANGEPERCURSAMPn in const.h fileCurrent sampling period = PWM period * Setpercs ∝s PERCST1US = Periodpwmus * Setpercs ∝sUser Guide 159 Designer Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 160 User Guide Appendix A. References Motor using MC68HC705MC4 document order number AN1627, MotorolaAppendix B. Glossary SG40NGlossary Serial communications interface module SCI a module that Supports asynchronous communicationDesigner Reference Manual DRM028 Rev 166 Glossary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc HOW to Reach US USA/EUROPE/LOCATIONS not Listed