Error Correction and Parity Checking | Sun Microsystems 220R

About Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Features

Reliability, availability, and serviceability are three aspects of a system’s design contributing to continuous operation and minimizing system downtime for service. Reliability refers to a system’s ability to operate continuously without failures and to maintain data integrity. System availability refers to the percentage of time that a system remains accessible and usable. Serviceability relates to the time it takes to restore a system to service following a system failure. Together, reliability, availability, and serviceability provide for near continuous system operation.

To deliver high levels of reliability, availability, and serviceability, the system offers the following features:

■Error correction and parity checking for improved data integrity

■Easily accessible status indicators

■Hot-pluggable disk drives

■Support for RAID 0, 1 storage configurations on internal drives

■Support for RAID 0, 1, 0 +1, and 5 storage configurations on external disk drives

■Redundant power supply support

■Hot-swappable power supplies

■Four different levels of system diagnostics

Error Correction and Parity Checking

Error-correcting code (ECC) is used on all internal system data paths to ensure high levels of data integrity. All data that moves between processors, I/O, and memory have end-to-end ECC protection.

The system reports and logs correctable ECC errors. A correctable ECC error is any single-bit error in a 64-bit field. Such errors are corrected as soon as they are detected. The ECC implementation can also detect double-bit errors in the same 64-bit field and multiple-bit errors in the same nibble (4 bits).

In addition to providing ECC protection for data, the system offers parity protection on all system address buses. Parity protection is also used on the PCI and SCSI buses, and in the UltraSPARC CPU’s internal and external cache.

62 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide • October 1999

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Sun Microsystems 220R About Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Features, Error Correction and Parity Checking

Contents

Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc Please Recycle Regulatory Compliance Statements FCC Class A NoticeDOC Class A Notice - Avis DOC, Classe A BSMI Class A Notice iv Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Supplementary Information SafetyDeclaration of Conformity USA-FCC Class A vi Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Symbols Safety Agency Compliance StatementsSafety Precautions Placement of a Sun Product Battery Pack Power Cord ConnectionLithium Battery System Unit Cover CD-ROM SymboleEinhaltung sicherheitsbehördlicher Vorschriften Sicherheitsvorkehrungen Batterien Anschluß des NetzkabelsLithiumbatterie Gehäuseabdeckung Mesures de sécurité SymbolesConformité aux normes de sécurité Modification du matériel Connexion du cordon d’alimentation Positionnement d’un produit SunConformité SELV Batterie au lithium Couvercle Normativas de seguridadBloc-batterie Conformité aux certifications Laser Ubicación de un producto Sun Cumplimiento de la normativa SELVModificaciones en el equipo Conexión del cable de alimentación eléctrica Batería de litio GOST-R Certification Mark Nordic Lithium Battery CautionsAviso de cumplimiento con requisitos de láser Paquete de pilas Suomi SverigeDanmark xvi Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 2. System Setup ContentsSafety Agency Compliance Statements Preface Regulatory Compliance Statements Declaration of Conformity 3. Administration and Network Setup 4. Hardware Configuration Contents 5. Replacing a Disk Drive 6. Using Storage Devices7. Diagnostics and Troubleshooting xx Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October A. Connector Signal Descriptions B. System Specifications Index xxii Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Preface How This Book Is Organized xxiv Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Using UNIX Commands Typographic and Command Entry ConventionsSolaris Handbook for Sun Peripherals Shell Prompts Related Documentation http//docs.sun.com Accessing Sun Documentation OnlineSun Welcomes Your Comments docfeedback@sun.com xxviii Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October System Overview About the Sun Enterprise 220R Server 2 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Error-correcting code ECC on memory and all data paths CD-ROM or Locating Front Panel FeaturesKeyswitch optional Tape drive page Locating Back Panel Features screw hole6 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October About the Status and Control Panel LED indicators Power button Power On/Off position KeyswitchLocked position Standby position Keyswitch Settings System LED Indicators Power-on/ Activity General faultThis green LED lights continuously when the system power is on 10 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October System Setup Using the Setup and Rackmounting Guide Tools Required for Setup and RackmountingAbout the Parts Shipped to You How to Install the Sun Enterprise 220R Server Before You BeginWhat to Do 2. Install any optional drive shipped with your system 3. Install the system into the rack Note -Each outlet must connect the system to a 15A circuit for North America and Japan, and to a 10A circuit for Europe. See your local electrical codes 8. Turn on power to your server 6. Set up a console for your server7. Configure the network interface 9. Install and boot the operating system software 11. Load additional software from the server media kit About Server Rackmounting Third Holes 99, 100, or Holes 27, 28, or Holes 15, 16, or Holes 3, 4, orNinth First How to Remove the System From the Rack 2. Locate the flat spring catch shown in the following figure 5. Set the system on a workbench or other stable surface What Next3. Prepare to remove the system 7. Reattach, close, and lock the rack doors as appropriate How to Place the System Into the Rack 1. Extend the cabinet’s anti-tip legs 3. Lift the system24 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 5. Insert the system glides into the inner slides of the rack glides 26 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 10. Reattach, close, and lock the rack doors as appropriate About Communicating With the Server How to Attach an Alphanumeric ASCII Terminal 2. Connect the terminal’s power cable to an AC outlet 3. Set the terminal to receive How to Configure a Local Graphics Console 1. Install the graphics card into a vacant PCI slot 3. Connect the monitor’s power cord to an appropriate AC power outlet 32 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 4. Connect the keyboard cable to the server’s keyboard/mouse port How to Power On the System 1. Turn on power to any peripherals and external storage devices2. Turn on power to the monitor or terminal 3. Turn the front panel keyswitch to the Power-On/Off position 4. Press the front panel Power button oncePower-On/Off position Power button 5. Turn the keyswitch to the Locked position Locked position36 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Install the System Software Solaris 2.6 Hardware 5/98 Installation Requirement Installing the Operating System From CD-ROMInstalling the Operating System From a Network Boot Server Solaris 7 Software Installation How to Select the Boot Device 40 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 2. To reboot the system from the new boot device, type 1. At the ok prompt, type 42 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October 3. Halt the operating system using the appropriate commands How to Power Off the System1. Notify users that the system will be powered down 2. Back up the system files and data, if necessary 44 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Administration and Network Setup About Network Interface Options 1. Assign a host name to the machine How to Configure the Standard Ethernet Interface3. Resume the installation of the system 2. Determine the IP address for the interface 48 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Add an Ethernet Interface 1. Assign a network host name to the interface zardoz # cat /etc/hostname.hme0 3. Boot the operating system and log on to the system as superuser4. Create an appropriate /etc/hostname file for the new interface zardoz # cat /etc/hostname.hme1 7. Reboot the system type zardoz # reboot -- -rzardoz # cat /etc/hosts How to Attach a Twisted-Pair Ethernet TPE Cable 1. Locate the RJ-45 connector for the appropriate Ethernet interface What Next How to Attach an MII Ethernet Transceiver 1. Locate the appropriate MII Ethernet connector 4. Lock the AUI connector 56 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Boot the System Using the Standard Ethernet Interface At the ok prompt, type either of the two following commands ok boot net - install 58 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Boot the System Using a PCI-Based Ethernet Interface pci@1f,4000/pci@5/SUNW,hme@0,1 2. Change the default net device. At the ok prompt, type 60 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Hardware Configuration About Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Features Error Correction and Parity Checking Status LEDs Hot-Pluggable Disk Drives Four Levels of Diagnostics Power Supply RedundancyHot-Swappable Power Supplies 64 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October At the application level, you have access to SunVTS diagnostics. Like OBDiag, SunVTS provides a comprehensive test of the system, including its external interfaces. SunVTS also allows you to run tests remotely over a network connection. You can only use SunVTS if the operating system is running. For more information about SunVTS, see “About SunVTS Software” on page 132, “How to Use SunVTS Software” on page 135, and “How to Check Whether SunVTS Software Is Installed” on page Configuration Rules About Memory About CPU Modules About Peripheral Component Interconnect PCI Buses Clock About Disk Array Configurations and Concepts Disk Concatenation Disk Mirroring RAID Hot Spares Disk Striping RAIDDisk Striping With Parity RAID 72 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Hot Plug For More Information Internal About Internal Disk DrivesDisk drive LEDs disk bays Disk Slot Number devices/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@0,0devices/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@1,0 Logical Device Name About Power Supplies Page About the Standard Ethernet Port 78 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October About the Serial Ports About the Parallel Port 80 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October About the Main Logic Board Jumpers About Serial Port Jumpers 82 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October About Flash PROM Jumpers About the External SCSI Port Target DevicesBus Length External SCSI Cabling and Termination Multi-initiator Support The following figures provide a summary of the cabling guidelines Chapter 4 Hardware Configuration 88 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Replacing a Disk Drive How to Avoid Electrostatic Discharge 2. Use an antistatic mat or similar surface 3. Use an antistatic wrist strap How to Remove a Disk Drive 1. Prepare the system for disk removal3. Unlock the front doors and swing them open 8. Repeat the procedure for the other drive if necessary 7. Place the disk drive on an antistatic mat6. Holding the disk drive by the handle, slide it out of the drive bay 94 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Install a Disk Drive 1. Prepare the system to receive the new disk drive4. Release the drive handle on the disk drive 5. Align the disk drive to its drive bay 10. Repeat the procedure for the other drive if necessary 11. Close and then lock the system front doors How to Initiate a Reconfiguration Boot 2. Turn on power to the monitor or terminal, and open your console 5. When the ok prompt is displayed, type the following command ok boot -r 100 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Using Storage Devices How to Insert a Compact Disc Into the Drive 2. Place a CD into the drive tray, label side up3. Gently push the tray back into the drive Manually see “How to Eject a Compact Disc Manually” on page How to Eject a Compact Disc With Software Commands 1. Kill processes accessing the CD-ROM drive, if necessary2. From the console device, type You can also eject a compact disc by using one of these methods How to Eject a Compact Disc Manually 2. Press the Eject button on the front panel106 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October What Next How to Eject a Compact Disc in an Emergency 1. Turn off the power to your system2. Unfold and straighten one end of a large wire paper clip Chapter 6 Using Storage Devices About the Tape Drive and Tape Cartridges Handling and Storing Tape CartridgesThermal Conditioning How to Insert a Tape Cartridge 2. Insert the cartridge into the drive, label side up3. Push gently on the cartridge until it is pulled into the drive 112 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Remove a Tape Cartridge 1. Check that there is no drive activity2. Push the Eject button and remove the tape cartridge How to Control the Tape Drive 114 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October How to Clean the Tape Drive Insert a cleaning cartridge into the drive How to Clean a Compact Disc 1. Clean the disc with compressed air Diagnostics and Troubleshooting About Diagnostic Tools Chapter 7 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting System yes boots ? yes Fault LED lit ?disk problem Run POST no POST failure ? About Power-On Self-Test POST Diagnostics How to Use POST Diagnostics Setting Up a tip Connection b. Modify the serial port B system remote file as follows 3. To use serial port Aa. Copy and paste the serial port B remote file 4. In a shell window on the Sun system, type 3. Verify the following serial port default settings as follows 5. When POST is completed, disconnect the tip window as followsc. Type the following to kill the tip hardwire process Verifying the Baud Rate 1. When the ok prompt is displayed, type the following command ResultsObserving POST in Progress If a Sun Type-5 keyboard is attached to the system, POST status and error indications are also displayed via the four LEDs on the keyboard. When POST starts, all four keyboard LEDs blink on and off simultaneously. After that, the Caps Lock LED blinks slowly to indicate POST is running. If an error is detected, the pattern of the lit LEDs provides an error indication. See “Error Indications” on page 138 for more information About OpenBoot Diagnostics OBDiag OBDiag Menu OBDiag Configuration Variable Settings How to Use OpenBoot Diagnostics OBDiag 2. Optional Select a diagnostic level3. Then type The OBDiag menu is displayed 4. At the ok prompt, type5. At the ok prompt, type The OBDiag Test menu is displayed How to Set the Diagnostic Level for POST and OBDiag 2. To set the diag-level variable, type the following About SunVTS Software SunVTS User’s Guide SunVTS Test Reference ManualSunVTS Quick Reference Card How to Check Whether SunVTS Software Is Installed 1. Type the following How to Use SunVTS Software 2. Remotely log in to the server as superuser or root3. Check whether SunVTS software is loaded on the server 4. To start the SunVTS software, type # cd /opt/SUNWvts/bin # ./sunvts -display localhostname0 About Sun Enterprise SyMON Software About Troubleshooting Your System Error IndicationsFront Panel LEDs D key Keyboard LEDsStop Scroll Lock The following table provides error code definitions Power Supply LEDs The following table provides a description of each LED Error Messages Disk LEDsInternal disk drive LEDs Software Commands Solaris prtdiag Command prtdiag output ok /usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag OBP show-devs Command OBP printenv CommandOBP probe-scsi and probe-scsi-all Commands ok probe-scsi probe-scsi outputprobe-scsi-all output ok probe-scsi Network Communications Failure About Diagnosing Specific ProblemsSymptom Action 4. Reboot the system to make the changes effective Solution3. Reboot the system to make the changes effective Determining the Device Name of the Ethernet Interface 4. If the POST output contains an error message, then POST has failed Power-On Failure1. Run POST diagnostics Video Output Failure Disk or CD-ROM Drive Failure Replace the drive indicated by the failure message1. At the system ok prompt, type SCSI Controller Failure 2. If a disk doesn’t respond, replace the unresponsive drive Power Supply Failure DIMM Failure152 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Page 154 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Connector Signal Descriptions Reference for the Keyboard/Mouse Connector Keyboard/Mouse Connector DiagramKeyboard/Mouse Connector Signals Reference for the Serial Port A and B Connectors Serial Port A and B Connector DiagramSerial Port Signals 158 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Not connected Reference for the Twisted-Pair Ethernet TPE Connector TPE Connector DiagramTPE Connector Signals Reference for the UltraSCSI Connector UltraSCSI Connector DiagramUltraSCSI Connector Signals 162 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Dat13 164 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Reference for the Parallel Port Connector Parallel Port Connector Diagram 166 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Signal ground MII Connector Signals Reference for the Media Independent Interface MII ConnectorMII Connector Diagram 120 2140 Txclk 36GndGround 37GndGround 38GndGround 39GndGround 40PwrPower 170 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October “System Specifications” on page System Specifications“Physical Specifications” on page “Electrical Specifications” on page A P P E N D I X B Reference for System Specifications Physical SpecificationsElectrical Specifications Environmental Specifications The environmental requirements for the system are as follows 174 Sun Enterprise 220R Server Owner’s Guide October Index Page Page diag-switch?, 121, 129 operating system software See also Ethernet ATMPage watch-net-all command