Gilson 215 manual Minimizing Dilution Effect

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Appendix

Minimizing Dilution Effect

An undesirable dilution sometimes occurs when an aspirated sample replaces rinse or diluent material. Some of the diluent fluid invariably clings to the tubing walls, causing the unwanted dilution of the sample. The part of the sample that enters the tubing first is affected most because it is the closest to the diluting liquid.

The corrective action you take depends on the stringency of your requirements for sample purity and precision.

You can aspirate an air gap into the probe tip to separate different fluids passing through the tubing to reduce mixing.

You can aspirate an amount in excess of the required sample volume, dispensing the excess sample, which is most subject to being diluted, to waste.

In extreme cases, you can combine the methods listed above and perform the following routine to eliminate mixing of different liquids.

1Move probe to sample tube.

2Aspirate air gap.

3Lower probe to sample level.

4Aspirate small amount of sample - this is the excess sample volume.

5Lift probe.

6Aspirate air gap.

7Lower probe to sample level.

8Aspirate sample amount.

D

Pipetting Techniques

D-3

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Contents Quad-Z 215 Liquid Handler Users Guide Page Table of Contents Operation MaintenanceAppendix B Racks TroubleshootingAppendix a Replacement Parts and Accessories Appendix C Gsioc CommandsPage Declaration of Conformity Page Introduction1 Description Unpacking Standard Equipment Customer Service Technical Specifications Introduction Introduction Installation2 Installation Locator Plate InstallationArmlock Removal Arm Installation Installation Installing the Z-Arm Cable Support Rod Probe Installation Installing the Probe Guide InsertsInstalling the Probes Plumbing Connections Transfer Tubing InstallationTo install the level sensing cable Installing the Level Sensing CablesPlumbing Connections Installing the rinse station Code 200-Series Code 500-Series Racks Rack SetupCode 200-Series and Code 20-Series or Code 30-Series Racks Installation Only Code 20-Series or Code 30-Series Racks Part number Description Final Z-Arm AdjustmentFinal Z-ArmAdjustment Rear Panel Electrical ConnectionsItems you’ll need Installation Input/Output PortsContact inputs Contact outputsMaking connections Connecting an RS-232 cable Installation RS-232 PortGsioc cable Gsioc PortUnit ID Installation Unit ID and Baud Rate/Mode SelectionBaud rate/mode Installation Fuses Power Cord Connection Operation Front Panel Start Up Running Programs Configuring the Liquid Handler About Syringe Options Operation Pump TypeRinse Site Operation Liquid Detector Adjust XY Model 841 X-coordinate 475.3 mm Y-coordinate 3.8 mm Height Operation Home Phase Bearing Life Safety ContactEmergency Contact Operation Sound and DisplayTesting the Liquid Handler’s Contacts Maintenance4 Helpful Hints MaintenanceCleaning Cleaning the Liquid HandlerCleaning the Fluid Path Cleaning methods Maintenance Maintenance What you need ProceduresLubricating Horizontal Pitch and Vertical RodsMm spacing Replacing a Probe Replacing PartsInstalling same type of probe Replacing TubingInstalling different type of probe Removing the level sensing cable Maintenance Replacing a Level Sensing CableInstalling the new level sensing cable Maintenance Replacing a Fuse Checking Position Alignment Transporting the Liquid Handler Page Troubleshooting5 Troubleshooting Error MessagesPosition sensor inactive Probes no longer finding tube center MechanicalElectrical Input functions not operatingOutput functions not operating Unit blows fuses Unit not operationalLiquid Level Detector Liquid level detector not detecting liquid levelLiquid level detector falsely detecting liquid level Before calling us Warranty repairNon-warranty repair Repair and Return PoliciesRebuilt exchange Return procedurePage Probes Replacement Parts and AccessoriesAppendix Control SoftwareProbe Guide Inserts Transfer Tubing and Waste BottleRinse Station Rack AccessoriesMiscellaneous Cables and I/O AccessoriesRacks Code 24 rack Code 20 rackCode 21 rack Code 23 rackCode 31 rack Code 28 rackCode 29 rack Code 30 rackCode 32 rack Code 33 rackCode 200 rack Code 203 rack Code 201 rackCode 201H rack Code 202 rackCode 204 rack Code 205 rackCode 205H rack Code 209 rack Code 206 rackCode 207 rack Code 208 rackCode 213 rack Code 210 rackCode 211 rack Code 212 rackCode 218 rack Code 214 rackCode 216 rack Code 217 rackCode 505H rack Code 222 rackCode 228 rack Code 505 rackAppendix Peltier Racks Code 242 Peltier rackCode 542 Peltier rack Code 852 Peltier rack Code 853 Peltier rackCode 854 Peltier rack Gsioc Commands Gsioc Commands Gsioc Command ListCommand Type Description @aa=xxxx Bf,d Cv=ss..ss Exyz JccccpJcttt Ksxxx Oabcd Smm Ta,b,c,d Wcc..cc Vcs..sXax/y Xbx/y Xcx/y Xdx/y Yyyyy Zsp ZspB Pipetting Techniques Minimizing Cross-Contamination Minimizing Dilution Effect Appendix