Figure 2-13

NOTE

Making Complex Measurements

Making a Reflection Calibration Measurement

Making a Reflection Calibration Measurement

The calibration standard for reflection measurements is usually a short circuit connected at the reference plane (the point at which the device under test (DUT) will be connected.) See Figure 2-13. A short circuit has a reflection coefficient of 1 (0 dB return loss). It reflects all incident power and provides a convenient 0 dB reference.

Reflection Measurement Short Calibration Test Setup

Example:

Measure the return loss of a filter. The following procedure makes a reflection measurement using a coupler or directional bridge. This example uses a 200 MHz bandpass filter as the DUT.

The analyzer center frequency and span for this measurement can easily be set up using the transmission measurement setup in “Making Stimulus Response Measurements” on page 71. Tune the analyzer so that the passband of the filter comprises a majority of the display, then proceed with the steps outlined below.

84

Chapter 2

Page 84
Image 84
Agilent Technologies E7401A, E7405A, E7402A, E7404A, E7403A manual Making a Reflection Calibration Measurement, Example

E7402A, E7405A, E7404A, E7401A, E7403A specifications

Agilent Technologies, a leader in test and measurement solutions, offers a range of spectrum analyzers designed to meet the evolving demands of the electronics industry. The E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A are prominent models that embody advanced features and technologies, enhancing performance, accuracy, and user experience.

The E7403A is recognized for its high-quality performance and wide frequency range. This model offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 3 GHz, making it suitable for both commercial and academic research applications. With a phase noise of -100 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, it delivers exceptional sensitivity. The E7403A also features a built-in tracking generator, facilitating effective signal generation for testing.

Next in line, the E7401A provides similar frequency coverage but is optimized for portable functionality. Weighing significantly less than its counterparts, it is easy to transport, making it ideal for field applications. Users benefit from its fast sweep speed of up to 3 GHz, which is crucial in quickly identifying and analyzing signals.

The E7404A excels in its comprehensive analysis capabilities. With a frequency range extending up to 6 GHz, it supports more demanding applications, including wireless communications and satellite technology. Its advanced digital signal processing capabilities enable the analysis of complex modulated signals, providing engineers with the data needed to troubleshoot and optimize system performance.

The E7405A is a highly versatile model that offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 20 GHz. This wide frequency range, combined with high dynamic range, supports the testing of various electronic devices and systems. It features advanced measurement options including occupied bandwidth, adjacent channel power, and sensitivity measurements, which are critical for compliance testing in communication systems.

Lastly, the E7402A is designed for users who require a spectrum analyzer with enhanced functionality at a competitive price. It reaches frequencies of up to 1.5 GHz, making it suitable for various applications including RF design, development, and manufacturing. Its user-friendly interface ensures that both novice and experienced users can navigate its features with ease.

In conclusion, Agilent Technologies' E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A spectrum analyzers provide a robust set of features tailored to meet diverse industry needs. Utilizing sophisticated technologies, these models ensure precise and efficient signal analysis, making them indispensable tools for engineers and researchers in the fast-paced world of electronics.